Merge pull request #6010 from Sonicadvance1/266

FEXCore: Update readme with supported ISAs

.gitlab-ci.yml

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ promote:
     - arm64
     - aarch64
   rules:
-    - if: '$PROMOTE_BRANCH'
+    - if: $PROMOTE_BRANCH && $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == 'main'
   before_script:
     - apt-get -y update
     - apt-get install -y tmux curl

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -367,7 +367,10 @@ include(LinkerGC)
 
 ## Externals ##
 
-find_package(unordered_dense QUIET CONFIG)
+if (NOT BUILD_STEAM_SUPPORT)
+  find_package(unordered_dense QUIET CONFIG)
+endif()
+
 if (NOT unordered_dense_FOUND)
   add_subdirectory(External/unordered_dense)
 endif()
@@ -378,8 +381,10 @@ if (BUILD_TESTING OR ENABLE_VIXL_DISASSEMBLER OR ENABLE_VIXL_SIMULATOR)
 endif()
 
 if (ENABLE_ZYDIS)
-  find_package(Zycore 1.5 MODULE QUIET)
-  find_package(Zydis 4.0 MODULE QUIET)
+  if (NOT BUILD_STEAM_SUPPORT)
+    find_package(Zycore 1.5 MODULE QUIET)
+    find_package(Zydis 4.0 MODULE QUIET)
+  endif()
 
   if (TARGET Zydis::Zydis AND TARGET Zycore::Zycore)
     message(STATUS "Using system Zydis")
@@ -400,7 +405,7 @@ find_package(Python 3.9 REQUIRED COMPONENTS Interpreter)
 
 set(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS OFF)
 
-if (NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
+if (NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING AND NOT BUILD_STEAM_SUPPORT)
   find_package(xxhash MODULE QUIET)
 endif()
 
@@ -428,14 +433,22 @@ else ()
   file(GENERATE OUTPUT CTestTestfile.cmake CONTENT "# No tests since BUILD_TESTING is disabled")
 endif()
 
-find_package(fmt QUIET)
-if (NOT fmt_FOUND)
-  # Disable fmt install
+if (MINGW OR BUILD_STEAM_SUPPORT)
   set(FMT_INSTALL OFF)
   add_subdirectory(External/fmt/)
+else()
+  find_package(fmt QUIET)
+  if (NOT fmt_FOUND)
+    # Disable fmt install
+    set(FMT_INSTALL OFF)
+    add_subdirectory(External/fmt/)
+  endif()
+endif()
+
+if (NOT BUILD_STEAM_SUPPORT)
+  find_package(range-v3 QUIET)
 endif()
 
-find_package(range-v3 QUIET)
 if (NOT range-v3_FOUND)
   add_subdirectory(External/range-v3/)
   target_compile_definitions(range-v3 INTERFACE RANGES_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS)
@@ -480,12 +493,20 @@ endif()
 
 set(FEX_TUNE_COMPILE_FLAGS)
 if (NOT TUNE_ARCH STREQUAL "generic")
-  check_cxx_compiler_flag("-march=${TUNE_ARCH}" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_ARCH_TYPE)
-  if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_ARCH_TYPE)
-    list(APPEND FEX_TUNE_COMPILE_FLAGS "-march=${TUNE_ARCH}")
-  else()
-    message(FATAL_ERROR "Trying to compile arch type '${TUNE_ARCH}' but the compiler doesn't support this")
+  set(TUNE_ARCH_STRING "${TUNE_ARCH}")
+  if(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
+    set(TUNE_ARCH_STRING "${TUNE_ARCH}+crc")
   endif()
+  check_cxx_compiler_flag("-march=${TUNE_ARCH_STRING}" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_ARCH_TYPE)
+  if(COMPILER_SUPPORTS_ARCH_TYPE)
+    list(APPEND FEX_TUNE_COMPILE_FLAGS "-march=${TUNE_ARCH_STRING}")
+  else()
+    message(FATAL_ERROR "Trying to compile arch type '${TUNE_ARCH_STRING}' but the compiler doesn't support this")
+  endif()
+elseif(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
+  # Need to always append crc
+  check_cxx_compiler_flag("-march=armv8-a+crc" COMPILER_SUPPORTS_ARCH_TYPE)
+  list(APPEND FEX_TUNE_COMPILE_FLAGS "-march=armv8-a+crc")
 endif()
 
 if (TUNE_CPU STREQUAL "native")
@@ -596,6 +617,12 @@ if (BUILD_TESTING)
     execute_process(COMMAND "nproc" OUTPUT_STRIP_TRAILING_WHITESPACE OUTPUT_VARIABLE TEST_JOB_COUNT)
   endif()
   set(TEST_JOB_FLAG "-j${TEST_JOB_COUNT}")
+
+  # Runs the whole test suite, with large pages enabled to reduce the cost of fork() in ctest.
+  add_custom_target(tests
+    WORKING_DIRECTORY "${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}"
+    USES_TERMINAL
+    COMMAND ${CMAKE_COMMAND} -E env GLIBC_TUNABLES=glibc.malloc.hugetlb=1 ctest "--progress" "--timeout" "302" ${TEST_JOB_FLAG})
 endif()
 
 add_subdirectory(External/SoftFloat-3e/)

CodeEmitter/CodeEmitter/SVEOps.inl

@@ -270,6 +270,9 @@ public:
   void fcvtxnt(ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn) {
     SVEFloatConvertOdd(0b00, 0b10, pg, zn, zd);
   }
+  void bfcvtnt(ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn) {
+    SVEFloatConvertOdd(0b10, 0b10, pg, zn, zd);
+  }
   ///< Size is destination size
   void fcvtnt(SubRegSize size, ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn) {
     LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(size == SubRegSize::i32Bit || size == SubRegSize::i16Bit, "Unsupported size in {}", __func__);
@@ -292,8 +295,6 @@ public:
     SVEFloatConvertOdd(ConvertedSrcSize, ConvertedDestSize, pg, zn, zd);
   }
 
-  // XXX: BFCVTNT
-
   // SVE2 floating-point pairwise operations
   void faddp(SubRegSize size, ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn, ZRegister zm) {
     SVEFloatPairwiseArithmetic(0b000, size, pg, zd, zn, zm);
@@ -2312,15 +2313,15 @@ public:
 
   // SVE floating-point convert precision
   void fcvt(SubRegSize to, SubRegSize from, ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn) {
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(to != from, "to and from sizes cannot be the same.");
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(to != SubRegSize::i8Bit && from != SubRegSize::i8Bit, "Can't use 8-bit element size");
     SVEFPConvertPrecision(to, from, zd, pg, zn);
   }
   void fcvtx(ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn) {
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(pg <= PReg::p7, "Can only use p0-p7 as a governing predicate");
-    uint32_t Instr = 0b0110'0101'0000'1010'1010'0000'0000'0000;
-    Instr |= pg.Idx() << 10;
-    Instr |= zn.Idx() << 5;
-    Instr |= zd.Idx();
-    dc32(Instr);
+    SVEFPConvertPrecision(SubRegSize::i32Bit, SubRegSize::i8Bit, zd, pg, zn);
+  }
+  void bfcvt(ZRegister zd, PRegisterMerge pg, ZRegister zn) {
+    SVEFPConvertPrecision(SubRegSize::i32Bit, SubRegSize::i32Bit, zd, pg, zn);
   }
 
   // SVE floating-point unary operations
@@ -3847,14 +3848,19 @@ private:
 
   void SVEFPConvertPrecision(SubRegSize to, SubRegSize from, ZRegister zd, PRegister pg, ZRegister zn) {
     LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(pg <= PReg::p7, "Can only use p0-p7 as a governing predicate");
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(to != from, "to and from sizes cannot be the same.");
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(to != SubRegSize::i8Bit && to != SubRegSize::i128Bit && from != SubRegSize::i8Bit && from != SubRegSize::i128Bit,
-                       "Can't use 8-bit or 128-bit element size");
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(to != SubRegSize::i128Bit && from != SubRegSize::i128Bit, "Can't use 128-bit element size");
 
     // Encodings for the to and from sizes can get a little funky
     // depending on what is being converted to/from.
     const uint32_t op = [&] {
       switch (from) {
+      case SubRegSize::i8Bit: {
+        switch (to) {
+        case SubRegSize::i32Bit: return 0x00020000U;
+        default: return UINT32_MAX;
+        }
+      }
+
       case SubRegSize::i16Bit: {
         switch (to) {
         case SubRegSize::i32Bit: return 0x00810000U;
@@ -3866,6 +3872,7 @@ private:
       case SubRegSize::i32Bit: {
         switch (to) {
         case SubRegSize::i16Bit: return 0x00800000U;
+        case SubRegSize::i32Bit: return 0x00820000U;
         case SubRegSize::i64Bit: return 0x00C30000U;
         default: return UINT32_MAX;
         }

Data/CMake/toolchain_mingw.cmake

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ set(CMAKE_AR ${MINGW_TRIPLE}-ar)
 # Compile everything as static to avoid requiring the MinGW runtime libraries, force page aligned sections so that
 # debug symbols work correctly, and disable loop alignment to workaround an LLVM bug
 # (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/47432)
-set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "-static -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -Wl,--file-alignment=4096,/mllvm:-align-loops=1")
-set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "-static -static-libgcc -static-libstdc++ -Wl,--file-alignment=4096,/mllvm:-align-loops=1")
+set(CMAKE_SHARED_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "-static -Wl,--file-alignment=4096,/mllvm:-align-loops=1")
+set(CMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS_INIT "-static -Wl,--file-alignment=4096,/mllvm:-align-loops=1")
 set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD_LIBRARIES "" CACHE STRING "" FORCE)
 set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD_LIBRARIES "" CACHE STRING "" FORCE)
 set(CMAKE_STANDARD_LIBRARIES "" CACHE STRING "" FORCE)

External/code-format-helper/requirements_formatting.txt

@@ -210,53 +210,53 @@ click==8.1.7 \
     --hash=sha256:ae74fb96c20a0277a1d615f1e4d73c8414f5a98db8b799a7931d1582f3390c28 \
     --hash=sha256:ca9853ad459e787e2192211578cc907e7594e294c7ccc834310722b41b9ca6de
     # via black
-cryptography==49.0.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:026ac7423e6fa66872d3bf889be5974507da3944f866f704fa200eadacd00001 \
-    --hash=sha256:07cab27cc7b7e0fd28e5e26bb9eeedde5c135c868b46de4a27845abe94af6122 \
-    --hash=sha256:084ef1af862eb07ec46d25f68689f2102a9fc0e05ce7b80f14f5fe51e4eef0f6 \
-    --hash=sha256:0b82e28ee398a386f0807bba7884d30f25218855690f45115831bcce5d90822c \
-    --hash=sha256:0e959b578856a3924bc0cbb710fc12c387b9412a951389f3ca61704a9e25f325 \
-    --hash=sha256:0f21641cf4b30fca7aee061ced0ec7ad7b073518088b7c9969a297c0ae796c69 \
-    --hash=sha256:196ecd6a36e4e9aa10270393bb98d8df88fccee0bf1e5128b91ae4eb4375896d \
-    --hash=sha256:2400ef9c9e2299a25614eb1dea3db54a69b1349efd043bfac9c67630d136df36 \
-    --hash=sha256:28d8b15e6275f12c8a207dc309dfa957903c927d08d0cc937ee3f63f200693cc \
-    --hash=sha256:2afe9051da7ae7bd5905da5a949280c7d2bb75682e188f650a9d0f2756b834c6 \
-    --hash=sha256:2eda353d8a27bcbcaa4cbed18994a74ab4d19a2ca897db188ea269ab9b71419b \
-    --hash=sha256:32703d93296f5c1f4b53349ad3a250c2cae0fdecd3a3dd5d47e616d8d616af27 \
-    --hash=sha256:33cd0565932807baddb67b96dbee92f2c374b5c89dee09fd74079aeb8c8dba61 \
-    --hash=sha256:35b151772baff2c74cba7fa290ceaff4c3b11c0c881eb93eb5dbc05a7cfbba18 \
-    --hash=sha256:36d1709f992593689b45bda411498d62c6e365f2ca00b84657d4dadd24de16db \
-    --hash=sha256:42b0684e0e40cf26122427802486f6d93aea593612603a94fbf260c7eb1e9c1b \
-    --hash=sha256:4ae387c9cb68ea569ca17e490d66d8142b81c3cc814bf179974b7d146e490bbb \
-    --hash=sha256:53ecee2e23f7169b6117e99fc8a944e5e50f79e69758a83b52a00cb98ab2b2d2 \
-    --hash=sha256:66ec79c3904820572d7e987abdf304281f141d37ad9a489b8e97066e7b9b6459 \
-    --hash=sha256:67e1d20ad9ef3a563c59ef22e7a8a0b8210bd26604369ea4a30a7c66aefe504e \
-    --hash=sha256:6f2debedf9ca60cf1d5bd466475638af5130f89965605cd818484d19987d3a21 \
-    --hash=sha256:6fc361c34fb6aac015ce19435876635e5c6d21db31998b0920f675f131e043b8 \
-    --hash=sha256:73a205dce83953d131a4aa1e0fd917a2fd1c5b1eef251e9d7152efefcbf5caf7 \
-    --hash=sha256:7abcee80084cda3f7691f3eb1ce480d8df49cec637b429aa35986c1de71738aa \
-    --hash=sha256:8c25ceb16df5b9435f3f6a9829204985b0e0cbee3b48aacd432c7d2c850b44d9 \
-    --hash=sha256:966fe0e9c67490071f14c0d2b1cb2dfb3023c5ce39457343931415f08382f2db \
-    --hash=sha256:9e82dcc8e56052715fb18b2429e3bca4823b1629136a2084fc45a9a5cecb9b64 \
-    --hash=sha256:b20133d204d2bb56ba047642199603876c872026ca53e79c35b83772ab2cc505 \
-    --hash=sha256:b39efa323140595abd3ecca8529d321ae50f55f3aa3ba9cc81ea56a6011953d5 \
-    --hash=sha256:b47db11c2c3525083296069b98ac5221907455e989ae0c2e3008bde851921615 \
-    --hash=sha256:b87e65d263b3e5d3bb92a57e2a6638e2f31110fa7aa890c7b2dbba42248d0a3f \
-    --hash=sha256:b970c6da94d5bb18629db453d14f2a1300f6bf59b61e9b82377931ef95504866 \
-    --hash=sha256:be9fcb48a55f023493482827d4f459bd263cc20efde64f204b97c123201850c6 \
-    --hash=sha256:c2bc30226390d60ea19d9f82b19db005fe0452154a23c1c410c12ea801e43561 \
-    --hash=sha256:c83782480a4a9da4d0feb51950131ba32e12e70813848b3343f6e18c28a66838 \
-    --hash=sha256:cbc77da8c523d5abd028635ba850a6966fcee2c82e2bf65a41d1d8afe0f98be9 \
-    --hash=sha256:ccac2bfebc306b862133e3bb71f3f6ee8bb525240089b2d952e4144b3a6d5da7 \
-    --hash=sha256:d0527ce944105f257f605a827d6ebead966c752038b6e8656abb9c5edee6fc68 \
-    --hash=sha256:d8ecde755e2e91bf773fc94e8c9d730cd7f2007004cb492263a794ec3899a1c8 \
-    --hash=sha256:e3fb64c420688e5319ae25113a354015abbd8dffbfbc41781a1ea66fc7622ac3 \
-    --hash=sha256:e5dfc1e64de5677cec922ffa8da89c546d0415bf6efdf081842e5d44c84e1f0e \
-    --hash=sha256:ec5e529fb80935c94fe7b729f9972b50e351a0e6b50aa294fd5cabb109fcc29a \
-    --hash=sha256:f37d847238971164fdbc68ade6f6574aecc9c0af714190e2083429ff68f4ce9d \
-    --hash=sha256:f78ff2c9ed8dc2d036b0f4d640e22522213d047c1b14e61205a7e55c80a494d4 \
-    --hash=sha256:f89660a348f4f78a92366240a61404e337586ef7f5909a2fef59ca88ef505493 \
-    --hash=sha256:fc1e275c2f1d97b1a6450b8b0ea3ebfa6e087a611c2b26cb2404d48588abab7b
+cryptography==50.0.0 \
+    --hash=sha256:031e2d5dd4bb9caa3ca9c82e5a197fd8ae680232cee62603d1a813f3f07e3d03 \
+    --hash=sha256:06a32a980526a6ab9a4b9bf8f7385800791e2bb960903cb6b530e4817509a3b7 \
+    --hash=sha256:07479a1cb08219ab719147e742e76090c9c773321959bb94946fffdd397a6437 \
+    --hash=sha256:07949c449a1abcf60d1ee6e88956d89404c7df3c8258f46589e912988e551987 \
+    --hash=sha256:105110f43a471dbd0060b9c9516cb8a6a79233631a04cc2ba16f28323ac6e025 \
+    --hash=sha256:11b74db56cdbe3cdee6e3f6982ecb70334fa10dce99ed58bf7894aaaa3b2a037 \
+    --hash=sha256:12b9c6996425c76ea6c457ace4f3073e715b8c545add07cd1a8f3a4f90691269 \
+    --hash=sha256:1489e263a8048bb8b6a8bac662eb2d402ea5d2b7b4699b72f385f1e2772db105 \
+    --hash=sha256:19736989797678c6af1e55cd49055cdbcb55d8f6b5583ac5335f933aba9101dc \
+    --hash=sha256:1b4a266766514614f8aa60416e71f2fc6e575d36e7bdc90f644fadb2f4b75b95 \
+    --hash=sha256:2a8183b489dc1f7f80f135780fadc1108f14b31b8a40411c7a5b17425f65f28b \
+    --hash=sha256:37fdb0d0111f1e2ff07139dfb79f1b49531f8e213c46f1163dd7642979b58c47 \
+    --hash=sha256:3f5735ffe4996d28b809371756219f5354864902a3b9e7c0b9ee87041209fc9c \
+    --hash=sha256:49e7d93abdbd2990caced757e5fade25302f719c3c8fb6e6fff2dde98999fc41 \
+    --hash=sha256:5e34edd123674534acd70147f0ca331eaa2c74e6325fb2028c886aa26ba0b68c \
+    --hash=sha256:62598a8a57f815db4c6259a4e97d857dab56697e7de8e8ab02352ab74da1995d \
+    --hash=sha256:65c2c3add92b45fd0709db8594536aea39c2a67af0e27ffcf049c498501140b7 \
+    --hash=sha256:6ba6a53445bd3cfa809ef3ef5f1589aa6ba08784a1d962bf47d0940e871dab1c \
+    --hash=sha256:6e7d61120573a7f2cd94cc095f9e81f6967c61ccdf194285aa143ecec8e0b708 \
+    --hash=sha256:7cec5b856506da6defb290f30c9ee687d5f5e8cb0bd3f6459dde43b0b4fa40ef \
+    --hash=sha256:80b63928fa35083b33966ce1efb70e5b9607181e49dcd1c22c8c005e319f667f \
+    --hash=sha256:82148ec5bddac30b51a5b3c1945075f896fa022cb93f8e4a01e9f6ee95292c5f \
+    --hash=sha256:828743d939e9629bc267b8e2d08d8bb67cd4319c771a33d4b18b22dd8fb7440a \
+    --hash=sha256:8d89f3976b10b4ce31118de72329025f70d2c6ead14a8217c5514dd2c6d5a78f \
+    --hash=sha256:8eb5e1172eb569ea8a872796576e6a67c276351728b6455d5beb01242b027c6a \
+    --hash=sha256:900131fafd8aead39ac7dd3a7e833be754c17a95cfd91221636949fe4eb0aa8a \
+    --hash=sha256:910d11e1a385c654bf738bf3e6b8e6ed5de0f5610fcae2be9e5b398d8081d20e \
+    --hash=sha256:910e1d2668e7de9648f2bcee30e180db2a6b15c30f887d7c4c93ddf96e3992e3 \
+    --hash=sha256:9aa87839c383bdbab6ef865787a1fb877af8dd03464c4400322726feaaadfc6d \
+    --hash=sha256:a1b30560f2acc95aa8b2e06e716a13dbfc97314747b80d9707e307f77b40d6b3 \
+    --hash=sha256:a91296cb61e8df6f86d0c19cc4068228da256bf59bf86049fbd821084565327f \
+    --hash=sha256:b42a28c1844fd9de8f3f7d540e36b66f3a9c83fceac7170ebc7a6a19edd9dcae \
+    --hash=sha256:bd1c592e4d5974f0d08d4888e432157adba757c66da0246918e43677fafa2d30 \
+    --hash=sha256:c87f62a3d3b9888ed0fdde100ec06aa61ca9cd44bad9057d1dff9a516b5f5bb9 \
+    --hash=sha256:c99c003e088647b8a5b7c145d6f78c335f6348332b62e142d411c4b63d1460b9 \
+    --hash=sha256:ccdc4a71a4dabae05de219404f9f4abc38e3b58422177ff93d0da05967dafa07 \
+    --hash=sha256:d24fead1d4d076e1bfb006dcec392074a3cd8d7b4fc8a595aa64073b2b7a96ba \
+    --hash=sha256:d58c3db7cd6eed54e6c06744db55456b65ebd7492ddeae9c1e93cfca7aa857d3 \
+    --hash=sha256:d764dcf130c428ef66786f866dd750f53182bc608813489915e9fc106bb0c82f \
+    --hash=sha256:df2a58a472f332225671c35b0a830208b86d004f82baa8530fa3782c85646533 \
+    --hash=sha256:e722f16708d854fe924790e051061f6704a472c3bac347b6fd88033ea8dd0dc5 \
+    --hash=sha256:ecfed7367f965a0328cfbdd70da860f15441f002f613185668c6e6ebf5a0ac11 \
+    --hash=sha256:eeac2acb5a20ed25e0ad6d1df9891a520b78b404266b6d11778f25d5d691a6c9 \
+    --hash=sha256:f59e38625469987d7ef6d495323c55e7db6c212eaf6112267e0d3b565a2e9c9f \
+    --hash=sha256:f89831ef99dd7dd169ab06d63a831adb9e20a87aac6d380266bbda5823349169 \
+    --hash=sha256:fd9192b7b70c573d7f214eb1ae35e00d359f6f5e4b27c7e21e30de1fc6204645
     # via
     #   -r requirements_formatting.txt.in
     #   pyjwt
@@ -308,9 +308,9 @@ pygithub==2.6.1 \
     --hash=sha256:6f2fa6d076ccae475f9fc392cc6cdbd54db985d4f69b8833a28397de75ed6ca3 \
     --hash=sha256:b5c035392991cca63959e9453286b41b54d83bf2de2daa7d7ff7e4312cebf3bf
     # via -r requirements_formatting.txt.in
-pyjwt==2.13.0 \
-    --hash=sha256:41571c89ca91598c79e8ef18a2d07367d4810fbbd6f637794879baf1b7703423 \
-    --hash=sha256:66adcc2aff09b3f1bbd95fc1e1577df8ac8723c978552fd43304c8a290ac5728
+pyjwt==2.15.1 \
+    --hash=sha256:42d59d631f7768a1028a64c7ff581a9bf7519804daf91fc5b6c56e30eec5e193 \
+    --hash=sha256:4f259e80cdfb6b3fc18a7de51fd1ef9ec79652f25019bae68975ca2468a34df8
     # via
     #   -r requirements_formatting.txt.in
     #   pygithub

External/code-format-helper/requirements_formatting.txt.in

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 black>=26.3.1
 darker==2.1.1
 PyGithub==2.6.1
-cryptography>=48.0.1
+cryptography>=50.0.0
 urllib3>=2.7.0
 requests>=2.33.0
 idna>=3.15
 certifi>=2024.7.4
 PyNaCl>=1.6.2
-PyJWT>=2.13.0
+PyJWT>=2.15.1

FEXCore/Readme.md

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ This project aims to provide a fast and functional x86-64 emulation library that
   * Support a tiered recompiler to allow for fast runtime performance
   * Support offline compilation and offline tooling for inspection and performance analysis
   * Support threaded emulation. Including emulating x86-64's strong memory model on weak memory model architectures
-* Support a significant portion of the x86-64 instruction space.
-  * Including MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, and SSE4*
+* Support a majority of the x86-64 instruction space.
+  * Including MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4*, AVX, AVX2, F16C, and AVX-VNNI
 * Support fallback routines for uncommonly used x86-64 instructions
   * Including x87 and 3DNow!
 * Only support userspace emulation.

FEXCore/Scripts/config_generator.py

@@ -407,6 +407,32 @@ def print_parse_enum_options(options):
 
     output_argloader.write("#endif\n")
 
+def print_affects_codegen_options(options, unnamed_options):
+    output_argloader.write("#ifdef CONFIG_AFFECTSCODEGEN\n")
+    output_argloader.write("#undef CONFIG_AFFECTSCODEGEN\n")
+
+    TotalConfigOptions = 0
+    for op_group, group_vals in options.items():
+        for op_key, op_vals in group_vals.items():
+            TotalConfigOptions += 1
+    for op_group, group_vals in unnamed_options.items():
+        for op_key, op_vals in group_vals.items():
+            TotalConfigOptions += 1
+
+    output_argloader.write("constexpr static std::array<bool, {}> Config_AffectsCodeGen = {{{{\n".format(TotalConfigOptions))
+    for op_group, group_vals in options.items():
+        for op_key, op_vals in group_vals.items():
+            assert "AffectsCodeGen" in op_vals, "All config options must be marked if they affect codegen."
+            output_argloader.write("\t{}, // {}\n".format(op_vals["AffectsCodeGen"], op_key))
+
+    for op_group, group_vals in unnamed_options.items():
+        for op_key, op_vals in group_vals.items():
+            assert "AffectsCodeGen" in op_vals, "All config options must be marked if they affect codegen."
+            output_argloader.write("\t{}, // {}\n".format(op_vals["AffectsCodeGen"], op_key))
+    output_argloader.write("}};\n")
+
+    output_argloader.write("#endif\n")
+
 if (len(sys.argv) < 5):
     sys.exit()
 
@@ -451,4 +477,6 @@ print_parse_jsonloader_options(options);
 # Generate enum variable options
 print_parse_enum_options(options);
 
+print_affects_codegen_options(options, unnamed_options);
+
 output_argloader.close()

FEXCore/Source/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ set(FEXCORE_BASE_SRCS
   Interface/Config/Config.cpp
   Utils/Allocator.cpp
   Utils/FileLoading.cpp
+  Utils/FileUtils.cpp
   Utils/ForcedAssert.cpp
   Utils/LogManager.cpp
   Utils/SpinWaitLock.cpp
@@ -18,6 +19,7 @@ set(SRCS
   Common/JitSymbols.cpp
   Interface/Context/Context.cpp
   Interface/Core/LookupCache.cpp
+  Interface/Core/DiskCache.cpp
   Interface/Core/CodeCache.cpp
   Interface/Core/Core.cpp
   Interface/Core/CPUBackend.cpp
@@ -69,6 +71,7 @@ set(SRCS
   Utils/LongJump.cpp
   Utils/Telemetry.cpp
   Utils/Threads.cpp
+  Utils/WorkQueueThread.cpp
   Utils/Profiler.cpp)
 
 if (ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
@@ -259,6 +262,10 @@ endfunction()
 # Build FEXCore_Base static library
 add_library(FEXCore_Base STATIC ${FEXCORE_BASE_SRCS})
 target_link_libraries(FEXCore_Base PUBLIC ${LIBS})
+if (MINGW)
+  target_link_libraries(FEXCore_Base PUBLIC ntdll)
+endif()
+
 AddDefaultOptionsToTarget(FEXCore_Base)
 
 if (ENABLE_FEXCORE_PROFILER AND FEXCORE_PROFILER_BACKEND STREQUAL "TRACY")
@@ -301,6 +308,7 @@ add_library(JemallocLibs STATIC Utils/AllocatorHooks.cpp)
 if (ENABLE_FEX_ALLOCATOR)
   target_compile_definitions(JemallocLibs PRIVATE ENABLE_FEX_ALLOCATOR=1)
   target_link_libraries(JemallocLibs PUBLIC rpmalloc)
+  target_include_directories(JemallocLibs PRIVATE "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/include/")
 endif()
 if (ENABLE_JEMALLOC_GLIBC_ALLOC)
   set_source_files_properties(Interface/HLE/Thunks/Thunks.cpp PROPERTIES COMPILE_DEFINITIONS ENABLE_JEMALLOC_GLIBC=1)

FEXCore/Source/Common/JitSymbols.cpp

@@ -15,14 +15,9 @@ JITSymbols::~JITSymbols() {
   }
 }
 
-void JITSymbols::InitFile() {
+void JITSymbols::InitFile(uint32_t ProcessPID) {
   // We can't use FILE here since we must be robust against forking processes closing our FD from under us.
-#ifdef __ANDROID__
-  // Android simpleperf looks in /data/local/tmp instead of /tmp
-  const auto PerfMap = fextl::fmt::format("/data/local/tmp/perf-{}.map", getpid());
-#else
-  const auto PerfMap = fextl::fmt::format("/tmp/perf-{}.map", getpid());
-#endif
+  const auto PerfMap = fextl::fmt::format("/tmp/perf-{}.map", ProcessPID);
   fd = open(PerfMap.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_WRONLY | O_APPEND, 0644);
 }
 

FEXCore/Source/Common/JitSymbols.h

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public:
   JITSymbols();
   ~JITSymbols();
 
-  void InitFile();
+  void InitFile(uint32_t ProcessPID);
   void RegisterNamedRegion(const void* HostAddr, uint32_t CodeSize, std::string_view Name);
   void RegisterJITSpace(const void* HostAddr, uint32_t CodeSize);
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Config/Config.cpp

@@ -38,8 +38,16 @@ namespace detail {
 #define OPT_STRARRAY(group, enum, json, default) OPT_STR(group, enum, json, default)
 #define OPT_STRENUM(group, enum, json, default) const uint64_t P(enum) = FEXCore::ToUnderlying(P(default));
 #include <FEXCore/Config/ConfigValues.inl>
+  constexpr static std::array<std::string_view, FEXCore::Config::ConfigOption::CONFIG_MAX> option_names = {
+#define OPT_BASE(type, group, enum, json, default) #json,
+#include <FEXCore/Config/ConfigValues.inl>
+  };
 } // namespace detail
 
+std::string_view GetConfigJSONName(FEXCore::Config::ConfigOption option) {
+  return FEXCore::Config::detail::option_names[option];
+}
+
 enum Paths {
   PATH_DATA_DIR_LOCAL = 0,
   PATH_DATA_DIR_GLOBAL,
@@ -48,6 +56,7 @@ enum Paths {
   PATH_CONFIG_FILE_LOCAL,
   PATH_CONFIG_FILE_GLOBAL,
   PATH_CONFIG_TELEMETRY_FOLDER,
+  PATH_CACHE_DIR,
   PATH_LAST,
 };
 static std::array<fextl::string, Paths::PATH_LAST> Paths;
@@ -64,6 +73,10 @@ void SetConfigFileLocation(const std::string_view Path, bool Global) {
   Paths[PATH_CONFIG_FILE_LOCAL + Global] = Path;
 }
 
+void SetCacheDirectory(const std::string_view Path) {
+  Paths[PATH_CACHE_DIR] = Path;
+}
+
 const fextl::string& GetTelemetryDirectory() {
   auto& Path = Paths[PATH_CONFIG_TELEMETRY_FOLDER];
   if (Path.empty()) {
@@ -91,6 +104,10 @@ const fextl::string& GetConfigFileLocation(bool Global) {
   return Paths[PATH_CONFIG_FILE_LOCAL + Global];
 }
 
+const fextl::string& GetCacheDirectory() {
+  return Paths[PATH_CACHE_DIR];
+}
+
 fextl::string GetApplicationConfig(const std::string_view Program, bool Global) {
   fextl::string ConfigFile = GetConfigDirectory(Global);
 
@@ -502,4 +519,43 @@ void Value<T>::GetListIfExists(FEXCore::Config::ConfigOption Option, StringArray
   }
 }
 template void Value<StringArrayType>::GetListIfExists(FEXCore::Config::ConfigOption Option, StringArrayType* List);
+
+#define CONFIG_AFFECTSCODEGEN
+#include <FEXCore/Config/ConfigOptions.inl>
+
+fextl::string SerializeForCache() {
+  fextl::string Config {};
+
+  auto append_string_triple = [](fextl::string& Config, std::string_view Key, ConfigOption Option, auto Value) {
+    Config.append(Key);
+    Config.append(1, '\0');
+    Config.append(fextl::fmt::format("{}", FEXCore::ToUnderlying(Option)));
+    Config.append(1, '\0');
+    Config.append(fextl::fmt::format("{}", Value));
+    Config.append(1, '\0');
+  };
+
+  const auto SerializeValue = [&Config, append_string_triple]<typename T, ConfigOption Option>(auto ConfigVal, const auto Default) {
+    if (!Config_AffectsCodeGen[FEXCore::ToUnderlying(Option)]) {
+      // Skip everything that the config says doesn't affect codegen.
+      return;
+    }
+    append_string_triple(Config, FEXCore::Config::GetConfigJSONName(Option), Option, ConfigVal());
+  };
+
+#define OPT_BASE(type, group, enum, json, default) \
+  SerializeValue.template operator()<type, CONFIG_##enum>(FEXCore::Config::Get_##enum(), default);
+#define OPT_STR(group, enum, json, default) \
+  SerializeValue.template operator()<fextl::string, CONFIG_##enum>(FEXCore::Config::Get_##enum(), default);
+#define OPT_STRARRAY(group, enum, json, default) // Unsupported.
+#define OPT_STRENUM(group, enum, json, default)  // Unsupported.
+#include <FEXCore/Config/ConfigValues.inl>
+  return Config;
+}
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY bool CheckConfigMatches(std::string_view Config) {
+  // Serialize current config and just check if it matches.
+  return SerializeForCache() == Config;
+}
+
 } // namespace FEXCore::Config

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Config/Config.json.in

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
       "Multiblock": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Controls multiblock code compilation",
           "Can cause long JIT compilation times and stutter"
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@
       "MaxInst": {
         "Type": "int32",
         "Default": "5000",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Maximum number of instruction to store in a block"
         ]
@@ -19,6 +21,7 @@
       "EnableCodeCachingWIP": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Enable the code caching subsystem"
         ]
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@
       "EnableLazyCodeCachingWIP": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Enable lazy loading of chunks in code caches"
         ]
@@ -33,6 +37,7 @@
       "EnableCodeCacheValidation": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Enable expensive validation when loading code caches"
         ]
@@ -40,6 +45,8 @@
       "HostFeatures": {
         "Type": "strenum",
         "Default": "FEXCore::Config::HostFeatures::OFF",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
+        "Comment": "Technically affects codegen, but this is serialized elsewhere.",
         "Enums": {
           "ENABLESVE": "enablesve",
           "DISABLESVE": "disablesve",
@@ -84,7 +91,11 @@
           "ENABLESSE4A": "enablesse4a",
           "DISABLESSE4A": "disablesse4a",
           "ENABLEMOPS": "enablemops",
-          "DISABLEMOPS": "disablemops"
+          "DISABLEMOPS": "disablemops",
+          "ENABLEI8MM": "enablei8mm",
+          "DISABLEI8MM": "disablei8mm",
+          "ENABLEDOTPROD": "enabledotprod",
+          "DISABLEDOTPROD": "disabledotprod"
         },
         "Desc": [
           "Allows controlling of the CPU features in the JIT.",
@@ -109,12 +120,15 @@
           "\t{enable,disable}wfxt: Will force enable or disable wfxt even if the host doesn't support it",
           "\t{enable,disable}3dnow: Will force enable or disable 3DNow! even if the host doesn't support it",
           "\t{enable,disable}sse4a: Will force enable or disable SSE4a even if the host doesn't support it",
-          "\t{enable,disable}mops: Will force enable or disable FEAT_MOPS even if the host doesn't support it"
+          "\t{enable,disable}mops: Will force enable or disable FEAT_MOPS even if the host doesn't support it",
+          "\t{enable,disable}i8mm: Will force enable or disable i8mm even if the host doesn't support it",
+          "\t{enable,disable}dotprod: Will force enable or disable dotprod even if the host doesn't support it"
         ]
       },
       "SmallTSCScale": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Scales the cycle counter on systems that have low frequencies."
         ]
@@ -122,22 +136,115 @@
       "HideHybrid": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Hides hybrid CPU core arrangement."
         ]
       },
+      "SoftwareRNG": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Emulates RDRAND and RDSEED in software when the host does not implement FEAT_RNG."
+        ]
+      },
       "CPUFeatureRegisters": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Comment": "Technically affects codegen, but this is serialized in to HostFeatures.",
         "Desc": [
           "Allows overriding cpu feature flags for manual testing"
         ]
+      },
+      "DiskCache": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Enables disk caching for code blocks"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheFileMapping": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Maps cache files for faster reading"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheValidation": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Debug mode that does nothing but validate code hits"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheRelocationFilter": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Don't cache blocks with relocations pointing outside of any known region"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheAnonCaching": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Attempt to cache anonymous code"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheMemorySize": {
+        "Type": "uint32",
+        "Default": "0",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "How much memory, if any, to use as a cache for the cache"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCachePath": {
+        "Type": "str",
+        "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Optional base directory override for disk cache"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheRODBNames": {
+        "Type": "str",
+        "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Optional list of extra read-only disk cache DBs to consider"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCacheMaxFileSize": {
+        "Type": "uint64",
+        "Default": "1073741824",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Size limit on the main cache file - index not included. Default 1G"
+        ]
+      },
+      "DiskCachePruneStaleEntries": {
+        "Type": "bool",
+        "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Desc": [
+          "Allows FEX to prune stale disk cache entries on startup.",
+          "Frees space by removing cache entries associated with old FEX versions."
+        ]
       }
     },
     "Emulation": {
       "RootFS": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Which Root filesystem prefix to use",
           "This can be a filesystem path",
@@ -152,6 +259,7 @@
       "ThunkHostLibs": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "@CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_LIBDIR@/fex-emu/HostThunks",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Folder to find the host-side thunking libraries."
         ]
@@ -159,6 +267,7 @@
       "ThunkGuestLibs": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "@CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX@/share/fex-emu/GuestThunks",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Folder to find the guest-side thunking libraries."
         ]
@@ -166,6 +275,7 @@
       "ThunkConfig": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "A json file specifying where to overlay the thunks.",
           "This can be a filesystem path",
@@ -180,6 +290,7 @@
       "Env": {
         "Type": "strarray",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Adds an environment variable to the emulated environment."
         ]
@@ -187,6 +298,7 @@
       "HostEnv": {
         "Type": "strarray",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Adds an environment variable to the host environment.",
           "This can be useful for setting environment variables that thunks can pick up.",
@@ -196,6 +308,7 @@
       "AdditionalArguments": {
         "Type": "strarray",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Allows the user to pass additional arguments to the application"
         ]
@@ -203,6 +316,7 @@
       "DisableL2Cache": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Disables FEXCore's JIT L2 cache lookup. Saving memory.",
           "Can potentially introduce more stutters."
@@ -211,6 +325,7 @@
       "DynamicL1Cache": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Switches FEXCore's JIT L1 cache to be dynamically sized. Saving memory.",
           "Can potentially introduce more stutters."
@@ -219,6 +334,7 @@
       "DynamicL1CacheIncreaseCountHeuristic": {
         "Type": "uint64",
         "Default": "250",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Threshold of lookups per second that the L1 dynamic cache should increase its size.",
           "Lower numbers means more aggressive scaling upward to the maximum size.",
@@ -230,6 +346,7 @@
       "DynamicL1CacheDecreaseCountHeuristic": {
         "Type": "uint64",
         "Default": "50",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Threshold of lookups per second that the L1 dynamic cache should decrease its size.",
           "The higher the number, the more aggressively it reduces the L1 cache size.",
@@ -243,6 +360,7 @@
       "SingleStep": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Single stepping configuration."
         ]
@@ -250,6 +368,7 @@
       "GdbServer": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Enables the GDB server."
         ]
@@ -257,6 +376,7 @@
       "DumpIR": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "no",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Folder to dump the IR in to.",
           "[no, stdout, stderr, server, <Folder>]"
@@ -265,6 +385,7 @@
       "PassManagerDumpIR": {
         "Type": "strenum",
         "Default": "FEXCore::Config::PassManagerDumpIR::OFF",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Enums": {
           "BEFOREOPT": "beforeopt",
           "AFTEROPT": "afteropt",
@@ -283,6 +404,7 @@
       "DumpGPRs": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "When the test harness ends, print the GPR state."
         ]
@@ -290,6 +412,7 @@
       "O0": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Disables optimizations passes for debugging."
         ]
@@ -297,6 +420,7 @@
       "GlobalJITNaming": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Uses JITSymbols to name all JIT state as one symbol",
           "Useful for querying how much time is spent inside of the JIT",
@@ -306,6 +430,7 @@
       "LibraryJITNaming": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Uses JITSymbols to name JIT symbols grouped by library",
           "Useful for querying how much time is spent in each guest library",
@@ -315,6 +440,7 @@
       "BlockJITNaming": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Uses JITSymbols to name JIT symbols",
           "Useful for determining hot blocks of code",
@@ -324,6 +450,7 @@
       "GDBSymbols": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Integrates with GDB using the JIT interface.",
           "Needs the fex jit loader in GDB, which can be loaded via `jit-reader-load libFEXGDBReader.so.`",
@@ -334,6 +461,7 @@
       "InjectLibSegFault": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Sets the environment variable LD_PRELOAD=libSegFault.so",
           "This allows the user to very easily enable libSegFault without dealing with environment variables",
@@ -345,6 +473,7 @@
       "Disassemble": {
         "Type": "strenum",
         "Default": "FEXCore::Config::Disassemble::OFF",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Enums": {
           "DISPATCHER": "dispatcher",
           "BLOCKS": "blocks",
@@ -361,6 +490,7 @@
       "X86Disassemble": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Enables x86/x86-64 guest disassembly output for compiled blocks.",
           "Requires FEX to be built with -DENABLE_ZYDIS=TRUE"
@@ -369,6 +499,7 @@
       "ForceSVEWidth": {
         "Type": "uint32",
         "Default": "0",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Allows overriding the SVE width in the vixl simulator.",
           "Useful as a debugging feature."
@@ -377,6 +508,7 @@
       "DisableTelemetry": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Disables telemetry at runtime.",
           "Useful for CI instcountCI mostly"
@@ -387,6 +519,7 @@
       "SilentLog": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Disables logging"
         ]
@@ -394,6 +527,7 @@
       "OutputLog": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "server",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "File to write FEX output to.",
           "[stderr, server, <Filename>]"
@@ -402,6 +536,7 @@
       "TelemetryDirectory": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Redirects the telemetry folder that FEX usually writes to.",
           "By default telemetry data is stored in {$FEX_APP_DATA_LOCATION,{$XDG_DATA_HOME,$HOME}/fex-emu/Telemetry/}"
@@ -410,6 +545,7 @@
       "ProfileStats": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Enables FEX's low-overhead sampling profile statistics.",
           "Requires a supported version of Mangohud to see the results"
@@ -418,6 +554,7 @@
       "EnableGpuvisProfiling": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Enables profiling when FEX was built with the gpuvis profiler backend."
         ]
@@ -427,6 +564,7 @@
       "SMCChecks": {
         "Type": "uint8",
         "Default": "FEXCore::Config::CONFIG_SMC_MTRACK",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "TextDefault": "mtrack",
         "ArgumentHandler": "SMCCheckHandler",
         "Desc": [
@@ -439,6 +577,7 @@
       "TSOEnabled": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Controls TSO IR ops.",
           "Highly likely to break any multithreaded application if disabled."
@@ -447,6 +586,7 @@
       "VectorTSOEnabled": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "When TSO emulation is enabled, controls if vector loadstores should also be atomic."
         ]
@@ -454,6 +594,7 @@
       "MemcpySetTSOEnabled": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "When TSO emulation is enabled, controls if memcpy and memset should also be atomic.",
           "Only affects REP MOVS and REP STOS instructions"
@@ -462,6 +603,7 @@
       "HalfBarrierTSOEnabled": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "When TSO emulation is enabled, controls if unaligned loads and stores should be backpatched to half-barrier atomics.",
           "Can be dangerous due to aligned loadstores through the same code now become non-atomic."
@@ -470,6 +612,7 @@
       "StrictInProcessSplitLocks": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Strict global lock when handling an unaligned atomic that crosses a 16-byte or cacheline granularity",
           "This is required to ensure a split-lock doesn't tear inside the process"
@@ -478,6 +621,7 @@
       "KernelUnalignedAtomicBackpatching": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "When the kernel unaligned atomic handler is enabled, use backpatching to reduce kernel context switches."
         ]
@@ -485,6 +629,7 @@
       "VolatileMetadata": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Use volatile metadata in PE files to inform TSO instructions when available.",
           "When metadata is unavailable falls back to the currently enabled TSO options."
@@ -493,6 +638,7 @@
       "X87ReducedPrecision": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Emulates X87 floating point using 64-bit precision. This reduces emulation accuracy and may result in rendering bugs."
         ]
@@ -500,6 +646,7 @@
       "StallProcess": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Forces a process to stall out on initialization",
           "Useful for a process that keeps restarting and doesn't work"
@@ -508,6 +655,7 @@
       "HideHypervisorBit": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Hides the hypervisor CPUID bit when set.",
           "Should only be used for applications that have issues with this set."
@@ -516,6 +664,7 @@
       "StartupSleep": {
         "Type": "uint32",
         "Default": "0",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Sleeps the process at startup for a duration of seconds.",
           "Useful if an application crashes too quickly to attach a debugger."
@@ -524,6 +673,7 @@
       "StartupSleepProcName": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Contrains the startup sleep to only apply to processes that match this name."
         ]
@@ -531,6 +681,7 @@
       "MonoHacks": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Permits a hook-based SMC approach and smaller JIT blocks when mono is detected."
         ]
@@ -540,6 +691,7 @@
       "ServerSocketPath": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Override for a FEXServer socket path. Only useful for chroots."
         ]
@@ -547,6 +699,7 @@
       "NeedsSeccomp": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "Disables inline syscalls in order to support seccomp handling"
         ]
@@ -554,6 +707,7 @@
       "ExtendedVolatileMetadata": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
         "Desc": [
           "Configuration provided volatile metadata. Only implemented for WoW64/arm64ec.",
           "Limited in its use but can be handy.",
@@ -578,15 +732,18 @@
     "Misc": {
       "INTERPRETER_INSTALLED": {
         "Type": "bool",
-        "Default": "false"
+        "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false"
       },
       "APP_FILENAME": {
         "Type": "str",
-        "Default": ""
+        "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false"
       },
       "APP_CONFIG_NAME": {
         "Type": "str",
         "Default": "",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
         "Desc": [
           "This is the application config name that has been loaded.",
           "This differs from APP_FILENAME in two ways",
@@ -597,16 +754,29 @@
       },
       "IS64BIT_MODE": {
         "Type": "bool",
-        "Default": "false"
+        "Default": "false",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Comment": "Technically affects codegen, but this is serialized elsewhere."
       },
       "DISABLE_VIXL_INDIRECT_RUNTIME_CALLS": {
         "Type": "bool",
         "Default": "true",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "false",
+        "Comment": "Technically affects codegen, but only shows up in the test harness.",
         "Desc": [
           "This option is used for the InstructionCountCI so it can generate the same codegen between Arm64 hosts and vixl simulator hosts.",
           "Vixl simulator indirect runtime calls are a special hlt instruction with metadata after it. Effectively making a custom call instruction.",
           "With visual simulator calls disabled, the code generation would be the same as on a native Arm64 host, but running the code is broken."
         ]
+      },
+      "CONFIG_VERSION": {
+        "Type": "uint32",
+        "Default": "0",
+        "AffectsCodeGen": "true",
+        "Comment": [
+          "Meta option that if config has ever changed definitions dramatically enough that we can rev the version.",
+          "Be mindful that this will invalidate all caches!"
+        ]
       }
     }
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Context/Context.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ bool FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl::IsAddressInCodeBuffer(FEXCore::Core::Interna
 
 bool FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl::RequiresRelocatableConstants() const {
   // Support relocation when generating a cache or when generating reference code for validation
-  return CodeCache.IsGeneratingCache || FEXCore::Config::Get_ENABLECODECACHEVALIDATION();
+  return CodeCache.IsGeneratingCache || FEXCore::Config::Get_ENABLECODECACHEVALIDATION() || DiskCache.IsWritingDiskCache();
 }
 
 } // namespace FEXCore::Context

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Context/Context.h

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "Common/JitSymbols.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/CPUBackend.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/CPUID.h"
+#include "Interface/Core/DiskCache.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/SharedCodeBufferManager.h"
 #include <Interface/IR/IntrusiveIRList.h>
 #include <FEXCore/Config/Config.h>
@@ -82,7 +83,6 @@ public:
   FEX_CONFIG_OPT(EnableLazyCodeCaching, ENABLELAZYCODECACHINGWIP);
   FEX_CONFIG_OPT(EnableCodeCacheValidation, ENABLECODECACHEVALIDATION);
 
-  uint64_t ComputeCodeMapId(std::string_view Filename, int FD) override;
   bool SaveData(Core::InternalThreadState&, int TargetFD, const ExecutableFileSectionInfo&, uint64_t SerializedBaseAddress) override;
 
   fextl::unique_ptr<MappedCodeCacheFile> LoadCache(std::span<std::byte> CacheFile, const ExecutableFileInfo&, uint64_t FileStartVA) override;
@@ -121,14 +121,17 @@ public:
    * Note that FEX relocations are unrelated to ELF/PE relocations.
    *
    * @param GuestDelta Guest address offset to apply to RIP-relative data
-   * @param RelocationOffset Offset to subtract from relocation target offsets
    * @param ForStorage True for serializing data (producing deterministic output); false for de-serializing it (resolving dynamic symbols)
    *
    * @return Returns true on success
    */
   [[nodiscard]]
-  bool ApplyCodeRelocations(uint64_t GuestDelta, std::span<std::byte> Code, std::span<const CPU::Relocation> Relocations,
-                            uint32_t RelocationOffset, bool ForStorage);
+  bool ApplyCodeRelocations(uint64_t GuestDelta, std::span<std::byte> Code, std::span<const CPU::Relocation> Relocations, bool ForStorage);
+
+  // Same but on disk cache packed relocations
+  [[nodiscard]]
+  bool ApplyPackedCodeRelocations(uint64_t GuestDelta, std::span<std::byte> Code, std::span<const DiskCache::BlobSmallRelocation> SmallRelocs,
+                                  std::span<const DiskCache::BlobThunkRelocation> ThunkRelocs);
 };
 
 class ContextImpl final : public FEXCore::Context::Context, public CPU::SharedCodeBufferManager {
@@ -156,32 +159,32 @@ public:
   void SetXMMRegistersFromState(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, const __uint128_t* XMM_Low, const __uint128_t* YMM_High) override;
 
   /**
-   * @brief Used to create FEX thread objects in preparation for creating a true OS thread. Does set a TID or PID.
+   * @brief Used to create FEX thread objects in preparation for creating a true OS thread.
    *
-   * @param InitialRIP The starting RIP of this thread
-   * @param StackPointer The starting RSP of this thread
    * @param NewThreadState The initial thread state to setup for our state, if inheriting.
    *
    * @return The InternalThreadState object that tracks all of the emulated thread's state
    *
    * Usecases:
    *  Parent thread Creation:
-   *    - Thread = CreateThread(InitialRIP, InitialStack, nullptr, 0);
+   *    - Thread = CreateThread();
+   *    - Thread->CurrentFrame->State.rip = InitialRIP;
+   *    - Thread->CurrentFrame->State.gregs[FEXCore::X86State::REG_RSP] = InitialStack;
    *    - CTX->ExecuteThread(Thread);
    *  OS thread Creation:
-   *    - Thread = CreateThread(0, 0, NewState, PPID);
+   *    - Thread = CreateThread(NewState);
    *    - Thread->ExecutionThread = FEXCore::Threads::Thread::Create(ThreadHandler, Arg);
    *    - ThreadHandler calls `CTX->ExecuteThread(Thread)`
    *  OS fork (New thread created with a clone of thread state):
    *    - clone{2, 3}
-   *    - Thread = CreateThread(0, 0, CopyOfThreadState, PPID);
+   *    - Thread = CreateThread(CopyOfThreadState);
    *    - ExecuteThread(Thread); // Starts executing without creating another host thread
    *  Thunk callback executing guest code from native host thread
-   *    - Thread = CreateThread(0, 0, NewState, PPID);
+   *    - Thread = CreateThread(NewState);
    *    - HandleCallback(Thread, RIP);
    */
 
-  FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* CreateThread(uint64_t InitialRIP, uint64_t StackPointer, const FEXCore::Core::CPUState* NewThreadState) override;
+  FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* CreateThread(const FEXCore::Core::CPUState* NewThreadState) override;
 
   /**
    * @brief Destroys this FEX thread object and stops tracking it internally
@@ -202,6 +205,8 @@ public:
   FEXCore::CPUID::XCRResults RunXCRFunction(uint32_t Function) override;
   FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults RunCPUIDFunctionName(uint32_t Function, uint32_t Leaf, uint32_t CPU) override;
 
+  virtual void InitDiskCache() override {}
+
   CodeCache& GetCodeCache() override {
     return CodeCache;
   }
@@ -243,6 +248,9 @@ public:
   }
 
   void MarkMonoBackpatcherBlock(uint64_t BlockEntry) override;
+  std::atomic<uint64_t>& GetMonoBackPatcherBlock() {
+    return MonoBackpatcherBlock;
+  }
 
   // Manual debugging tooling which is useful for developers.
   struct TrackingEmpty {
@@ -360,10 +368,16 @@ public:
     FEX_CONFIG_OPT(DisableTelemetry, DISABLETELEMETRY);
     FEX_CONFIG_OPT(DisableVixlIndirectCalls, DISABLE_VIXL_INDIRECT_RUNTIME_CALLS);
     FEX_CONFIG_OPT(SmallTSCScale, SMALLTSCSCALE);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(SoftwareRNG, SOFTWARERNG);
     FEX_CONFIG_OPT(StrictInProcessSplitLocks, STRICTINPROCESSSPLITLOCKS);
     FEX_CONFIG_OPT(MonoHacks, MONOHACKS);
   } Config;
 
+  bool SoftwareRNGEnabled() const {
+    return Config.SoftwareRNG() && HostRNGAvailable;
+  }
+  bool HostRNGAvailable {};
+
   FEXCore::Utils::WritePriorityMutex::Mutex CodeInvalidationMutex {};
 
   uint32_t StrictSplitLockMutex {};
@@ -375,6 +389,7 @@ public:
   FEXCore::HLE::SourcecodeResolver* SourcecodeResolver {};
   FEXCore::ThunkHandler* ThunkHandler {};
   fextl::unique_ptr<FEXCore::CPU::Dispatcher> Dispatcher;
+  DiskCache::DiskCache DiskCache;
   CodeCache CodeCache;
   fextl::unique_ptr<CodeMapWriter> CodeMapWriter;
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/ArchHelpers/Arm64Emitter.cpp

@@ -1123,6 +1123,7 @@ void Arm64Emitter::FillForPreserveAllABICall(bool FPRs) {
 
 void Arm64Emitter::Align16B() {
   uint64_t CurrentOffset = GetCursorAddress<uint64_t>();
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT((CurrentOffset & 3) == 0, "Can't Align16B code that isn't 4-byte aligned!");
   for (uint64_t i = (-CurrentOffset & 0xF); i != 0; i -= 4) {
     nop();
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/CPUBackend.cpp

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ namespace CPU {
   constexpr static uint64_t NamedVectorConstants[FEXCore::IR::NamedVectorConstant::NAMED_VECTOR_CONST_POOL_MAX][2] = {
     {0x0003'0002'0001'0000ULL, 0x0007'0006'0005'0004ULL}, // NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U16_INDEX
     {0x000B'000A'0009'0008ULL, 0x000F'000E'000D'000CULL}, // NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U16_INDEX_UPPER
+    {0x0706'0504'0302'0100ULL, 0x0F0E'0D0C'0B0A'0908ULL}, // NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U8_INDEX
     {0x0000'0000'8000'0000ULL, 0x0000'0000'8000'0000ULL}, // NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPS_INVERT
     {0x0000'0000'8000'0000ULL, 0x0000'0000'8000'0000ULL}, // NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPS_INVERT_UPPER
     {0x8000'0000'0000'0000ULL, 0x0000'0000'0000'0000ULL}, // NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPD_INVERT
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ namespace CPU {
 
   CPUBackend::~CPUBackend() = default;
 
-  auto CPUBackend::GetEmptySharedCodeBuffer() -> CodeBuffer* {
+  auto CPUBackend::AcquireNewSharedCodeBuffer() -> CodeBuffer* {
     auto PrevCodeBuffer = CurrentCodeBuffer;
 
     // Resize the code buffer and reallocate our code size
@@ -339,11 +340,8 @@ namespace CPU {
 
   bool CPUBackend::IsAddressInCodeBuffer(uintptr_t Address) const {
     const auto CheckCodeBuffer = [](const CodeBuffer& Buffer, uintptr_t Address) {
-      const auto BufferPtr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(Buffer.Ptr);
-
-      // The last page of the code buffer is protected, so we need to exclude it from the valid range
-      // when checking if the address is in the code buffer.
-      const uintptr_t LastPageAddr = AlignDown(BufferPtr + Buffer.AllocatedSize - 1, FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE);
+      const auto BufferPtr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(Buffer.GetBufferBase());
+      const uintptr_t LastPageAddr = BufferPtr + Buffer.UsableSize();
       return (Address >= BufferPtr && Address < LastPageAddr);
     };
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/CPUBackend.h

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ $end_info$
 #include <FEXCore/fextl/map.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <span>
 
 namespace FEXCore::CPU {
 union Relocation;
@@ -56,6 +57,8 @@ namespace CPU {
       fextl::map<uint64_t, uint8_t*> EntryPoints;
       // The total size of the codeblock from [BlockBegin, BlockBegin+Size).
       size_t Size;
+      // Offset of BlockBegin from the start of the CodeBuffer it lives in
+      uint64_t HostCodeOffset;
     };
 
     // Header that can live at the start of a JIT block.
@@ -115,6 +118,10 @@ namespace CPU {
     virtual CompiledCode CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size, bool SingleInst, const FEXCore::IR::IRListView* IR,
                                      FEXCore::Core::DebugData* DebugData, bool CheckTF) = 0;
 
+    virtual CompiledCode LoadCachedCode(std::span<const uint8_t> HostBytes) {
+      return {};
+    }
+
     virtual fextl::vector<FEXCore::CPU::Relocation> TakeRelocations(uint64_t GuestBaseAddress) = 0;
 
     virtual void ClearCache() {}
@@ -138,8 +145,9 @@ namespace CPU {
 
     FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* ThreadState;
 
+    // Acquires a new shared code buffer, setting `CurrentCodeBuffer` and returning a pointer to it.
     [[nodiscard]]
-    CodeBuffer* GetEmptySharedCodeBuffer();
+    CodeBuffer* AcquireNewSharedCodeBuffer();
 
     // This is the code buffer containing the main code under execution by this thread.
     // CheckCodeBufferUpdate must be used before compiling new code.

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/CPUID.cpp

@@ -458,6 +458,8 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_01h(uint32_t Leaf) const {
             (Cores << 16) |     // Number of addressable IDs for the logical cores in the physical CPU
             (GetCPUID() << 24); // Local APIC ID
 
+  const uint32_t SupportsRAND = CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND || CTX->SoftwareRNGEnabled();
+
   Res.ecx = (1 << 0) |                                      // SSE3
             (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsPMULL_128Bit << 1) | // PCLMULQDQ
             (1 << 2) |                                      // DS area supports 64bit layout
@@ -488,13 +490,13 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_01h(uint32_t Leaf) const {
             (SupportsAVX() << 27) |                         // OSXSAVE
             (SupportsAVX() << 28) |                         // AVX
             (SupportsAVX() << 29) |                         // F16C
-            (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND << 30) |        // RDRAND
+            (SupportsRAND << 30) |                          // RDRAND
             (Hypervisor << 31);
 
   Res.edx = (1 << 0) |  // FPU
             (1 << 1) |  // Virtual 8086 mode enhancements
-            (0 << 2) |  // Debugging extensions
-            (0 << 3) |  // Page size extension
+            (1 << 2) |  // Debugging extensions
+            (1 << 3) |  // Page size extension
             (1 << 4) |  // RDTSC supported
             (1 << 5) |  // MSR supported
             (1 << 6) |  // PAE
@@ -648,6 +650,12 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_06h(uint32_t Leaf) const {
 
 FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_07h(uint32_t Leaf) const {
   FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults Res {};
+
+  // AVX-VNNI is only advertised when the CPU supports I8MM or Dot Product.
+  // Without these features the implementation is so slow that it is likely
+  // to harm performance.
+  const uint32_t SupportsAVXVNNI = SupportsAVX() && (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsI8MM || CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsDotProd);
+
   if (Leaf == 0) {
 #ifndef _WIN32
     constexpr uint32_t SUPPORTS_RDPID = 1;
@@ -664,40 +672,44 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_07h(uint32_t Leaf) const {
     const uint32_t SupportsVPCLMULQDQ = CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsPMULL_128Bit && SupportsAVX();
     const uint32_t SupportsWFXT = CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsWFXT;
 
+    const uint32_t SupportsRAND = CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND || CTX->SoftwareRNGEnabled();
+
     // Number of subfunctions
-    Res.eax = 0x0;
-    Res.ebx = (1 << 0) |                               // FS/GS support
-              (0 << 1) |                               // TSC adjust MSR
-              (0 << 2) |                               // SGX
-              (SupportsAVX() << 3) |                   // BMI1
-              (0 << 4) |                               // Intel Hardware Lock Elison
-              (SupportsAVX() << 5) |                   // AVX2 support
-              (1 << 6) |                               // FPU data pointer updated only on exception
-              (1 << 7) |                               // SMEP support
-              (SupportsAVX() << 8) |                   // BMI2
-              (SupportsEnhancedREPMOVS << 9) |         // Enhanced REP MOVSB/STOSB
-              (1 << 10) |                              // INVPCID for system software control of process-context
-              (0 << 11) |                              // Restricted transactional memory
-              (0 << 12) |                              // Intel resource directory technology Monitoring
-              (1 << 13) |                              // Deprecates FPU CS and DS
-              (0 << 14) |                              // Intel MPX
-              (0 << 15) |                              // Intel Resource Directory Technology Allocation
-              (0 << 16) |                              // AVX512-F
-              (0 << 17) |                              // AVX512-DQ
-              (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND << 18) | // RDSEED
-              (1 << 19) |                              // ADCX and ADOX instructions
-              (0 << 20) |                              // SMAP Supervisor mode access prevention and CLAC/STAC instructions
-              (0 << 21) |                              // AVX512-IFMA
-              (0 << 22) |                              // PCOMMIT (deprecated?)
-              (1 << 23) |                              // CLFLUSHOPT instruction
-              (1 << 24) |                              // CLWB instruction
-              (0 << 25) |                              // Intel processor trace
-              (0 << 26) |                              // AVX512-PF
-              (0 << 27) |                              // AVX512-ER
-              (0 << 28) |                              // AVX512-CD
-              (Features.SHA << 29) |                   // SHA instructions
-              (0 << 30) |                              // AVX512-BW
-              (0 << 31);                               // AVX512-VL
+    // TODO: For now, subfunction 1 only exposes AVX-VNNI so we make it conditional
+    // on AVX-VNNI support. We should revisit this if/when we add more to this leaf.
+    Res.eax = SupportsAVXVNNI;
+    Res.ebx = (1 << 0) |                       // FS/GS support
+              (0 << 1) |                       // TSC adjust MSR
+              (0 << 2) |                       // SGX
+              (SupportsAVX() << 3) |           // BMI1
+              (0 << 4) |                       // Intel Hardware Lock Elison
+              (SupportsAVX() << 5) |           // AVX2 support
+              (1 << 6) |                       // FPU data pointer updated only on exception
+              (1 << 7) |                       // SMEP support
+              (SupportsAVX() << 8) |           // BMI2
+              (SupportsEnhancedREPMOVS << 9) | // Enhanced REP MOVSB/STOSB
+              (1 << 10) |                      // INVPCID for system software control of process-context
+              (0 << 11) |                      // Restricted transactional memory
+              (0 << 12) |                      // Intel resource directory technology Monitoring
+              (1 << 13) |                      // Deprecates FPU CS and DS
+              (0 << 14) |                      // Intel MPX
+              (0 << 15) |                      // Intel Resource Directory Technology Allocation
+              (0 << 16) |                      // AVX512-F
+              (0 << 17) |                      // AVX512-DQ
+              (SupportsRAND << 18) |           // RDSEED
+              (1 << 19) |                      // ADCX and ADOX instructions
+              (0 << 20) |                      // SMAP Supervisor mode access prevention and CLAC/STAC instructions
+              (0 << 21) |                      // AVX512-IFMA
+              (0 << 22) |                      // PCOMMIT (deprecated?)
+              (1 << 23) |                      // CLFLUSHOPT instruction
+              (1 << 24) |                      // CLWB instruction
+              (0 << 25) |                      // Intel processor trace
+              (0 << 26) |                      // AVX512-PF
+              (0 << 27) |                      // AVX512-ER
+              (0 << 28) |                      // AVX512-CD
+              (Features.SHA << 29) |           // SHA instructions
+              (0 << 30) |                      // AVX512-BW
+              (0 << 31);                       // AVX512-VL
 
     Res.ecx = (1 << 0) |                                // PREFETCHWT1
               (0 << 1) |                                // AVX512VBMI
@@ -765,38 +777,38 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_07h(uint32_t Leaf) const {
               (0 << 30) |                  // Arch capabilities - MSR module specific
               (0 << 31);                   // SSBD - Speculative Store Bypass Disable
   } else if (Leaf == 1) {
-    Res.eax = (0U << 0) |  // SHA512
-              (0U << 1) |  // SM3
-              (0U << 2) |  // SM4
-              (0U << 3) |  // RAO_INT
-              (0U << 4) |  // AVX_VNNI
-              (0U << 5) |  // AVX512_BF16
-              (0U << 6) |  // LASS (Linear Address Space Separation)
-              (0U << 7) |  // CMPCCXADD
-              (0U << 8) |  // ARCH_PERFMON_EXT
-              (0U << 9) |  // Reserved
-              (0U << 10) | // FAST_REP_MOVSB
-              (0U << 11) | // FAST_REP_STOSB
-              (0U << 12) | // FAST_REP_CMPSB_SCASB
-              (0U << 13) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 14) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 15) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 16) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 17) | // FRED (Flexible Return and Event Delivery)
-              (0U << 18) | // LKGS (Load into Kernel GS Base)
-              (0U << 19) | // WRMSRNS
-              (0U << 20) | // NMI_SRC
-              (0U << 21) | // AMX_FP16
-              (0U << 22) | // HRESET
-              (0U << 23) | // AVX_IFMA
-              (0U << 24) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 25) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 26) | // LAM (Linear Address Masking)
-              (0U << 27) | // MSRLIST
-              (0U << 28) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 29) | // Reserved
-              (0U << 30) | // INVD_DISABLE_POST_BIOS_DONE
-              (0U << 31);  // MOVRS
+    Res.eax = (0U << 0) |              // SHA512
+              (0U << 1) |              // SM3
+              (0U << 2) |              // SM4
+              (0U << 3) |              // RAO_INT
+              (SupportsAVXVNNI << 4) | // AVX_VNNI
+              (0U << 5) |              // AVX512_BF16
+              (0U << 6) |              // LASS (Linear Address Space Separation)
+              (0U << 7) |              // CMPCCXADD
+              (0U << 8) |              // ARCH_PERFMON_EXT
+              (0U << 9) |              // Reserved
+              (0U << 10) |             // FAST_REP_MOVSB
+              (0U << 11) |             // FAST_REP_STOSB
+              (0U << 12) |             // FAST_REP_CMPSB_SCASB
+              (0U << 13) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 14) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 15) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 16) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 17) |             // FRED (Flexible Return and Event Delivery)
+              (0U << 18) |             // LKGS (Load into Kernel GS Base)
+              (0U << 19) |             // WRMSRNS
+              (0U << 20) |             // NMI_SRC
+              (0U << 21) |             // AMX_FP16
+              (0U << 22) |             // HRESET
+              (0U << 23) |             // AVX_IFMA
+              (0U << 24) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 25) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 26) |             // LAM (Linear Address Masking)
+              (0U << 27) |             // MSRLIST
+              (0U << 28) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 29) |             // Reserved
+              (0U << 30) |             // INVD_DISABLE_POST_BIOS_DONE
+              (0U << 31);              // MOVRS
 
     // Bits 4-31 currently reserved.
     Res.ebx = (0U << 0) | // PPIN
@@ -1097,7 +1109,7 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults CPUIDEmu::Function_8000_0001h(uint32_t Leaf) con
             (1 << 23) |                               // MMX
             (1 << 24) |                               // FXSAVE/FXRSTOR
             (1 << 25) |                               // FXSAVE/FXRSTOR Optimizations
-            (0 << 26) |                               // 1 gigabit pages
+            (1 << 26) |                               // 1 gigabit pages
             (SUPPORTS_RDTSCP << 27) |                 // RDTSCP
             (0 << 28) |                               // Reserved
             (1 << 29) |                               // Long Mode
@@ -1347,7 +1359,7 @@ FEXCore::CPUID::XCRResults CPUIDEmu::XCRFunction_0h() const {
 
 CPUIDEmu::CPUIDEmu(const FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* ctx)
   : CTX {ctx}
-  , SupportsCPUIndexInTPIDRRO {CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsCPUIndexInTPIDRRO}
+  , SupportsCPUIndexInTPIDRRO {CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsCPUIndexInTPIDRRO != 0}
   , GetCPUID {GetCPUID_Syscall} {
   Cores = CTX->HostFeatures.CPUMIDRs.size();
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/CodeCache.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#include "Utils/crc32.h"
 #include "FEXCore/Utils/LogManager.h"
 #include "FEXCore/Utils/MathUtils.h"
 #include "FEXCore/Utils/TypeDefines.h"
@@ -272,16 +273,6 @@ CodeCache::CodeCache(ContextImpl& CTX_)
   : CTX(CTX_) {}
 CodeCache::~CodeCache() = default;
 
-uint64_t CodeCache::ComputeCodeMapId(std::string_view Filename, int FD) {
-  if (Filename.empty()) {
-    return 0xffff'ffff'ffff'ffff;
-  }
-
-  // For now, we just use the file path as an identifier.
-  // TODO: Ensure the hash is unique enough to distinguish executables while remaining independent of the installation location
-  return XXH3_64bits(Filename.data(), Filename.size());
-}
-
 struct CodeCacheHeader {
   std::array<char, 4> Magic = ExpectedMagic;
   // Version history:
@@ -314,7 +305,7 @@ bool CodeCache::SaveData(Core::InternalThreadState& Thread, int fd, const Execut
   std::ranges::copy(GIT_HASH, header.FEXVersion);
   header.NumBlocks = LookupCache.BlockList.size();
   header.NumCodePages = LookupCache.CodePages.size();
-  header.CodeBufferSize = FEXCore::AlignUp(CTX.LatestOffset, Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE);
+  header.CodeBufferSize = FEXCore::AlignUp(CodeBuffer->AllocatedSpaceUsed(), Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE);
   header.NumRelocations = Relocations.size();
   header.SerializedBaseAddress = SerializedBaseAddress;
   ::write(fd, &header, sizeof(header));
@@ -337,7 +328,7 @@ bool CodeCache::SaveData(Core::InternalThreadState& Thread, int fd, const Execut
 
       Guest -= SourceBinary.FileStartVA;
       ::write(fd, &Guest, sizeof(Guest));
-      uint64_t HostCode = Host->HostCode - reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(CodeBuffer->Ptr);
+      uint64_t HostCode = Host->HostCode - reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(CodeBuffer->GetBufferBase());
       ::write(fd, &HostCode, sizeof(HostCode));
       uint64_t NumCodePages = Host->CodePages.size();
       ::write(fd, &NumCodePages, sizeof(NumCodePages));
@@ -361,8 +352,9 @@ bool CodeCache::SaveData(Core::InternalThreadState& Thread, int fd, const Execut
   }
 
   // Dump the host code (relocated for position-independent serialization)
-  std::span CodeBufferData(reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(CodeBuffer->Ptr), reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(CodeBuffer->Ptr) + CTX.LatestOffset);
-  if (!ApplyCodeRelocations(SerializedBaseAddress, CodeBufferData, Relocations, 0, true)) {
+  std::span CodeBufferData(reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(CodeBuffer->GetBufferBase()),
+                           reinterpret_cast<std::byte*>(CodeBuffer->GetBufferBase()) + CodeBuffer->AllocatedSpaceUsed());
+  if (!ApplyCodeRelocations(SerializedBaseAddress, CodeBufferData, Relocations, true)) {
     LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(false, "Failed to apply code relocations");
     return false;
   }
@@ -405,7 +397,7 @@ void CodeCache::Validate(const ExecutableFileSectionInfo& Section, fextl::set<ui
       ERROR_AND_DIE_FMT("Failed to create cache load validation context");
     }
 
-    ValidationThread.reset(ValidationCTX->CreateThread(0, 0, nullptr));
+    ValidationThread.reset(ValidationCTX->CreateThread(nullptr));
 
     auto Frame = ValidationThread->CurrentFrame;
     Frame->State.segment_arrays[FEXCore::Core::CPUState::SEGMENT_ARRAY_INDEX_GDT] = &ValidationGDT[0];
@@ -426,11 +418,12 @@ void CodeCache::Validate(const ExecutableFileSectionInfo& Section, fextl::set<ui
   while (CachedCode.size_bytes() > NewCodeBuffer->UsableSize()) {
     ValidationCTX->ClearCodeCache(ValidationThread.get());
     NewCodeBuffer = ValidationCTX->GetLatest();
-    LogMan::Msg::IFmt("Increased cache validation code buffer size to {} MiB", NewCodeBuffer->AllocatedSize / 1024 / 1024);
+    LogMan::Msg::IFmt("Increased cache validation code buffer size to {} MiB", NewCodeBuffer->TotalAllocationSize() / 1024 / 1024);
   }
 
   std::span<std::byte> CodeBufferRangeRef =
-    std::as_writable_bytes(std::span {NewCodeBuffer->Ptr, NewCodeBuffer->Ptr + NewCodeBuffer->UsableSize()}).subspan(0, CachedCode.size_bytes());
+    std::as_writable_bytes(std::span {NewCodeBuffer->GetBufferBase(), NewCodeBuffer->GetBufferBase() + NewCodeBuffer->UsableSize()})
+      .subspan(0, CachedCode.size_bytes());
 
   while (!GuestBlocks.empty()) {
     auto [CompiledBlocks, _, _2, _3, _4] = ValidationCTX->CompileCode(ValidationThread.get(), *GuestBlocks.begin(), 0 /* TODO: Set MaxInst? */);
@@ -444,12 +437,12 @@ void CodeCache::Validate(const ExecutableFileSectionInfo& Section, fextl::set<ui
   NewRelocations.erase(std::remove_if(NewRelocations.begin(), NewRelocations.end(), [](const CPU::Relocation& Reloc) {
     return Reloc.Header.Type != CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_SYMBOL_LITERAL && Reloc.Header.Type != CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_THUNK_MOVE;
   }));
-  (void)ApplyCodeRelocations(Section.FileStartVA, CodeBufferRangeRef, NewRelocations, 0, false);
+  (void)ApplyCodeRelocations(Section.FileStartVA, CodeBufferRangeRef, NewRelocations, false);
 
-  if (ValidationCTX->LatestOffset <= CodeBufferRangeRef.size()) {
+  if (NewCodeBuffer->AllocatedSpaceUsed() <= CodeBufferRangeRef.size()) {
     // Reference compilation produced fewer bytes than our cache, so validation is going to fail.
     // Make sure we don't output any garbage bytes though.
-    CodeBufferRangeRef = CodeBufferRangeRef.subspan(0, ValidationCTX->LatestOffset);
+    CodeBufferRangeRef = CodeBufferRangeRef.subspan(0, NewCodeBuffer->AllocatedSpaceUsed());
   }
 
   auto [Mismatch, _] = std::mismatch(CodeBufferRangeRef.begin(), CodeBufferRangeRef.end(), CachedCode.begin());
@@ -500,47 +493,153 @@ void CodeCache::Validate(const ExecutableFileSectionInfo& Section, fextl::set<ui
 
   // Reset Context state for next validation
   ValidationThread->LookupCache->ClearCache(ValidationThread->LookupCache->AcquireWriteLock());
-  ValidationCTX->LatestOffset = 0;
+  NewCodeBuffer->Reset();
 
   LogMan::Msg::IFmt("            successfully validated cache");
 }
 
-bool CodeCache::ApplyCodeRelocations(uint64_t GuestEntry, std::span<std::byte> Code,
-                                     std::span<const FEXCore::CPU::Relocation> EntryRelocations, uint32_t RelocationOffset, bool ForStorage) {
-  CPU::Arm64Emitter Emitter(&CTX, Code.data(), Code.size_bytes());
-  for (size_t j = 0; j < EntryRelocations.size(); ++j) {
-    const FEXCore::CPU::Relocation& Reloc = EntryRelocations[j];
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Reloc.Header.Offset >= RelocationOffset, "Invalid relocation offset");
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Reloc.Header.Offset - RelocationOffset < Code.size_bytes(), "Invalid relocation offset");
-    Emitter.SetCursorOffset(Reloc.Header.Offset - RelocationOffset);
+static inline void ApplySymbolLiteralRelocation(ContextImpl& CTX, const CPU::RelocNamedSymbolLiteral::NamedSymbol Symbol,
+                                                uint64_t GuestEntry, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter, bool ForStorage) {
+  // Generate a literal so we can place it
+  uint64_t Pointer = ForStorage ? 0 : GetNamedSymbolLiteral(CTX, Symbol);
+  Emitter.dc64(Pointer);
+}
 
-    switch (Reloc.Header.Type) {
+static inline bool
+ApplyThunkMoveRelocation(ContextImpl& CTX, const IR::SHA256Sum* Symbol, uint32_t RegisterIndex, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter, bool ForStorage) {
+  uint64_t Pointer = ForStorage ? 0 : reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(CTX.ThunkHandler->LookupThunk(*Symbol));
+  if (Pointer == ~0ULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  // TODO: Pointers are required to fit within 48-bit VA space.
+  // But forcing 6-byte broke relocations.
+  Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(RegisterIndex), Pointer, CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static inline void ApplyRIPLiteralRelocation(ContextImpl& CTX, uint64_t GuestRIP, uint64_t GuestEntry, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter) {
+  Emitter.dc64(GuestEntry + GuestRIP);
+}
+
+static inline void
+ApplyRIPMoveRelocation(ContextImpl& CTX, uint64_t GuestRIP, uint8_t RegisterIndex, uint64_t GuestEntry, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter) {
+  uint64_t Pointer = GuestRIP + GuestEntry;
+  // TODO: Pointers are required to fit within 48-bit VA space.
+  // But forcing 6-byte broke relocations.
+  Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(RegisterIndex), Pointer, CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ReadLiveGuestData(uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize) {
+  uint64_t Raw = 0;
+  memcpy(&Raw, reinterpret_cast<const void*>(SiteAddress), ValueSize);
+  // manual sign-extension from guest live bytes
+  if (ValueSize == 1) {
+    return (int8_t)Raw;
+  } else if (ValueSize == 2) {
+    return (int16_t)Raw;
+  } else if (ValueSize == 4) {
+    return (int32_t)Raw;
+  } else {
+    return (int64_t)Raw;
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void ApplyPatchableDataRelocation(uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize, uint8_t RegisterIndex, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter) {
+  Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(RegisterIndex), ReadLiveGuestData(SiteAddress, ValueSize),
+                       CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+}
+
+static inline void ApplyPatchableRIPLiteralRelocation(uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter) {
+  Emitter.dc64(SiteAddress + ValueSize + ReadLiveGuestData(SiteAddress, ValueSize));
+}
+
+static inline void ApplyPatchableRIPMoveRelocation(uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize, uint8_t RegisterIndex, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter) {
+  const uint64_t Target = SiteAddress + ValueSize + ReadLiveGuestData(SiteAddress, ValueSize);
+  Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(RegisterIndex), Target, CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+}
+
+static inline void ApplyPatchableCRCMoveRelocation(uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize, uint8_t RegisterIndex, CPU::Arm64Emitter& Emitter) {
+  const uint64_t Target = FEXCore::Utils::crc32(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(SiteAddress), ValueSize);
+  Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(RegisterIndex), Target, CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+}
+
+bool CodeCache::ApplyPackedCodeRelocations(uint64_t GuestEntry, std::span<std::byte> Code,
+                                           std::span<const DiskCache::BlobSmallRelocation> SmallRelocs,
+                                           std::span<const DiskCache::BlobThunkRelocation> ThunkRelocs) {
+  CPU::Arm64Emitter Emitter(&CTX, Code.data(), Code.size_bytes());
+  for (auto& Reloc : SmallRelocs) {
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Reloc.Offset < Code.size_bytes(), "Invalid relocation offset");
+    Emitter.SetCursorOffset(Reloc.Offset);
+    switch ((CPU::RelocationTypes)Reloc.Type) {
     case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_SYMBOL_LITERAL: {
-      // Generate a literal so we can place it
-      uint64_t Pointer = ForStorage ? 0 : GetNamedSymbolLiteral(CTX, Reloc.NamedSymbolLiteral.Symbol);
-      Emitter.dc64(Pointer);
-      break;
-    }
-    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_THUNK_MOVE: {
-      uint64_t Pointer = ForStorage ? 0 : reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(CTX.ThunkHandler->LookupThunk(Reloc.NamedThunkMove.Symbol));
-      if (Pointer == ~0ULL) {
-        return false;
-      }
-      // TODO: Pointers are required to fit within 48-bit VA space.
-      // But forcing 6-byte broke relocations.
-      Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(Reloc.NamedThunkMove.RegisterIndex), Pointer,
-                           CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+      ApplySymbolLiteralRelocation(CTX, (CPU::RelocNamedSymbolLiteral::NamedSymbol)Reloc.Named.Symbol, GuestEntry, Emitter, false);
       break;
     }
     case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_RIP_LITERAL: {
-      Emitter.dc64(GuestEntry + Reloc.GuestRIP.GuestRIP);
+      ApplyRIPLiteralRelocation(CTX, Reloc.RIPLiteral.GuestRIP, GuestEntry, Emitter);
       break;
     }
     case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_RIP_MOVE: {
-      uint64_t Pointer = Reloc.GuestRIP.GuestRIP + GuestEntry;
-      // TODO: Pointers are required to fit within 48-bit VA space.
-      // But forcing 6-byte broke relocations.
-      Emitter.LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Register(Reloc.GuestRIP.RegisterIndex), Pointer, CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+      ApplyRIPMoveRelocation(CTX, Reloc.RIPMove.GuestRIP, Reloc.RIPMove.RegisterIndex, GuestEntry, Emitter);
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_DATA_MOVE: {
+      ApplyPatchableDataRelocation(GuestEntry + Reloc.PatchableData.SiteOffset, Reloc.PatchableData.ValueSize,
+                                   Reloc.PatchableData.RegisterIndex, Emitter);
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_LITERAL: {
+      ApplyPatchableRIPLiteralRelocation(GuestEntry + Reloc.PatchableData.SiteOffset, Reloc.PatchableData.ValueSize, Emitter);
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_MOVE: {
+      ApplyPatchableRIPMoveRelocation(GuestEntry + Reloc.PatchableData.SiteOffset, Reloc.PatchableData.ValueSize,
+                                      Reloc.PatchableData.RegisterIndex, Emitter);
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_CRC_MOVE: {
+      ApplyPatchableCRCMoveRelocation(GuestEntry + Reloc.PatchableData.SiteOffset, Reloc.PatchableData.ValueSize,
+                                      Reloc.PatchableData.RegisterIndex, Emitter);
+      break;
+    }
+    default: ERROR_AND_DIE_FMT("Unknown packed relocation type {}", ToUnderlying((CPU::RelocationTypes)Reloc.Type));
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& Reloc : ThunkRelocs) {
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Reloc.Offset < Code.size_bytes(), "Invalid relocation offset");
+    Emitter.SetCursorOffset(Reloc.Offset);
+    if (!ApplyThunkMoveRelocation(CTX, (const IR::SHA256Sum*)Reloc.SymbolHash, Reloc.RegisterIndex, Emitter, false)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool CodeCache::ApplyCodeRelocations(uint64_t GuestEntry, std::span<std::byte> Code,
+                                     std::span<const FEXCore::CPU::Relocation> EntryRelocations, bool ForStorage) {
+  CPU::Arm64Emitter Emitter(&CTX, Code.data(), Code.size_bytes());
+  for (size_t j = 0; j < EntryRelocations.size(); ++j) {
+    const FEXCore::CPU::Relocation& Reloc = EntryRelocations[j];
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Reloc.Header.Offset < Code.size_bytes(), "Invalid relocation offset");
+    Emitter.SetCursorOffset(Reloc.Header.Offset);
+
+    switch (Reloc.Header.Type) {
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_SYMBOL_LITERAL: {
+      ApplySymbolLiteralRelocation(CTX, Reloc.NamedSymbolLiteral.Symbol, GuestEntry, Emitter, ForStorage);
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_THUNK_MOVE: {
+      if (!ApplyThunkMoveRelocation(CTX, &Reloc.NamedThunkMove.Symbol, Reloc.NamedThunkMove.RegisterIndex, Emitter, ForStorage)) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_RIP_LITERAL: {
+      ApplyRIPLiteralRelocation(CTX, Reloc.GuestRIP.GuestRIP, GuestEntry, Emitter);
+      break;
+    }
+    case FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_RIP_MOVE: {
+      ApplyRIPMoveRelocation(CTX, Reloc.GuestRIP.GuestRIP, Reloc.GuestRIP.RegisterIndex, GuestEntry, Emitter);
       break;
     }
 
@@ -871,7 +970,7 @@ void CodeCache::FinalizeCodePages(MappedCodeCacheFile& Code, std::span<std::byte
   auto StagingSpan = std::span {Staging, Size};
   for (size_t i = StartPage; i < EndPage; ++i) {
     auto PageRelocations = SpanPageRelocations(Code, i);
-    (void)ApplyCodeRelocations(Code.GuestBase, StagingSpan, PageRelocations, static_cast<uint32_t>(StartOffset), false);
+    (void)ApplyCodeRelocations(Code.GuestBase, StagingSpan, PageRelocations, false);
     Code.LoadedPages[i] = true;
   }
 
@@ -894,7 +993,7 @@ void CodeCache::FinalizeCodePages(MappedCodeCacheFile& Code, std::span<std::byte
 #endif
   for (size_t i = StartPage; i < EndPage; ++i) {
     auto PageRelocations = SpanPageRelocations(Code, i);
-    (void)ApplyCodeRelocations(Code.GuestBase, Code.CodeBuffer, PageRelocations, 0, false);
+    (void)ApplyCodeRelocations(Code.GuestBase, Code.CodeBuffer, PageRelocations, false);
     Code.LoadedPages[i] = true;
   }
 #endif

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Core.cpp

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ $end_info$
 #include "Interface/IR/RegisterAllocationData.h"
 #include "Utils/Allocator.h"
 #include "Utils/Allocator/HostAllocator.h"
+#include "Utils/crc32.h"
 #include <FEXCore/Utils/SpinWaitLock.h>
 #include "Utils/variable_length_integer.h"
 
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ ContextImpl::ContextImpl(const FEXCore::HostFeatures& Features)
 
   if (Config.BlockJITNaming() || Config.GlobalJITNaming() || Config.LibraryJITNaming()) {
     // Only initialize symbols file if enabled. Ensures we don't pollute /tmp with empty files.
-    Symbols.InitFile();
+    Symbols.InitFile(Features.ProcessPID);
   }
 
   uint64_t FrequencyCounter = FEXCore::GetCycleCounterFrequency();
@@ -103,6 +104,16 @@ ContextImpl::ContextImpl(const FEXCore::HostFeatures& Features)
 
   // Track atomic TSO emulation configuration.
   UpdateAtomicTSOEmulationConfig();
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  // Check if the kernel supports getrandom().
+  uint64_t Probe {};
+  HostRNGAvailable = FHU::Syscalls::getrandom(&Probe, sizeof(Probe), 0) == sizeof(Probe);
+#else
+  HostRNGAvailable = true;
+#endif
+
+  DiskCache.Init(this);
 }
 
 struct GetFrameBlockInfoResult {
@@ -353,11 +364,6 @@ bool ContextImpl::InitCore() {
   // Set up the SignalDelegator config since core is initialized.
   SignalDelegation->SetConfig(Dispatcher->MakeSignalDelegatorConfig());
 
-#if defined(_WIN32) && !defined(ARCHITECTURE_arm64ec)
-  // WOW64 always needs the interrupt fault check to be enabled.
-  Config.NeedsPendingInterruptFaultCheck = true;
-#endif
-
   if (Config.GdbServer) {
     // If gdbserver is enabled then this needs to be enabled.
     Config.NeedsPendingInterruptFaultCheck = true;
@@ -412,16 +418,12 @@ void ContextImpl::InitializeCompiler(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread)
   Thread->PassManager->Finalize();
 }
 
-FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState*
-ContextImpl::CreateThread(uint64_t InitialRIP, uint64_t StackPointer, const FEXCore::Core::CPUState* NewThreadState) {
+FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* ContextImpl::CreateThread(const FEXCore::Core::CPUState* NewThreadState) {
   FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread = new FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState {
     .CTX = this,
   };
   FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualName("FEXMem_ThreadState", Thread, sizeof(*Thread));
 
-  Thread->CurrentFrame->State.gregs[X86State::REG_RSP] = StackPointer;
-  Thread->CurrentFrame->State.rip = InitialRIP;
-
   // Copy over the new thread state to the new object
   if (NewThreadState) {
     memcpy(&Thread->CurrentFrame->State, NewThreadState, sizeof(FEXCore::Core::CPUState));
@@ -481,7 +483,7 @@ void ContextImpl::LockBeforeFork(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread) {
 
 void ContextImpl::OnCodeBufferAllocated(const fextl::shared_ptr<CPU::CodeBuffer>& Buffer) {
   if (Config.GlobalJITNaming()) {
-    Symbols.RegisterJITSpace(Buffer->Ptr, Buffer->AllocatedSize);
+    Symbols.RegisterJITSpace(Buffer->GetBufferBase(), Buffer->TotalAllocationSize());
   }
 
   {
@@ -527,6 +529,8 @@ ContextImpl::GenerateIR(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Gue
 
   bool HasCustomIR {};
 
+  bool WantsDiskCachePatching = DiskCache.IsReadingDiskCache() || DiskCache.IsWritingDiskCache();
+
   if (HasCustomIRHandlers.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
     std::shared_lock lk(CustomIRMutex);
     auto Handler = CustomIRHandlers.find(GuestRIP);
@@ -541,7 +545,7 @@ ContextImpl::GenerateIR(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Gue
   if (!HasCustomIR) {
     const auto* GuestCode = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(GuestRIP);
 
-    Thread->FrontendDecoder->DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(Thread, GuestCode, GuestRIP, MaxInst);
+    Thread->FrontendDecoder->DecodeLoop(GuestCode);
 
     const auto* BlockInfo = Thread->FrontendDecoder->GetDecodedBlockInfo();
     const auto& CodeBlocks = BlockInfo->Blocks;
@@ -640,9 +644,12 @@ ContextImpl::GenerateIR(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Gue
         if (Config.SMCChecks == FEXCore::Config::CONFIG_SMC_FULL || Block.ForceFullSMCDetection) {
           auto ExistingCodePtr = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(Block.Entry + BlockInstructionsLength);
           auto InstAddressReg = Thread->OpDispatcher->_EntrypointOffset(GPRSize, InstAddress - GuestRIP);
-          std::array<uint8_t, 0x10> CodeOriginal;
-          memcpy(CodeOriginal.data(), ExistingCodePtr, DecodedInfo->InstSize);
-          auto CodeChanged = Thread->OpDispatcher->_ValidateCode(CodeOriginal, InstAddressReg, DecodedInfo->InstSize);
+
+          auto Value = FEXCore::Utils::crc32(ExistingCodePtr, DecodedInfo->InstSize);
+          auto CRC = WantsDiskCachePatching ?
+                       Thread->OpDispatcher->_PatchableGuestCRC(IR::OpSize::i64Bit, Value, (int64_t)ExistingCodePtr, DecodedInfo->InstSize) :
+                       Thread->OpDispatcher->Constant(Value);
+          auto CodeChanged = Thread->OpDispatcher->_ValidateCode(CRC, InstAddressReg, DecodedInfo->InstSize);
 
           auto InvalidateCodeCond = Thread->OpDispatcher->CondJump(CodeChanged);
 
@@ -652,8 +659,12 @@ ContextImpl::GenerateIR(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Gue
 
           Thread->OpDispatcher->SetCurrentCodeBlock(CodeWasChangedBlock);
           Thread->OpDispatcher->StartNewBlock();
-          Thread->OpDispatcher->_ThreadRemoveCodeEntry();
-          Thread->OpDispatcher->ExitFunction(Thread->OpDispatcher->_InlineEntrypointOffset(GPRSize, InstAddress - GuestRIP));
+
+          // Generate a relocatable entry for invalidation purposes.
+          auto EntryToInvalidate = Thread->OpDispatcher->_EntrypointOffset(GPRSize, 0);
+          auto NewRIP = Thread->OpDispatcher->_EntrypointOffset(GPRSize, InstAddress - GuestRIP);
+          // Invalidate and exit the function
+          Thread->OpDispatcher->_ThreadRemoveCodeEntry(EntryToInvalidate, NewRIP);
 
           auto NextOpBlock = Thread->OpDispatcher->CreateNewCodeBlockAfter(CurrentBlock);
 
@@ -748,10 +759,10 @@ ContextImpl::GenerateIR(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Gue
 #endif
 
     Thread->OpDispatcher->Finalize();
-
-    Thread->FrontendDecoder->DelayedDisownBuffer();
   }
 
+  Thread->FrontendDecoder->DelayedDisownBuffer();
+
   IR::IREmitter* IREmitter = Thread->OpDispatcher.get();
 
   auto ShouldDump = Thread->OpDispatcher->ShouldDumpIR();
@@ -791,6 +802,8 @@ ContextImpl::CompileCodeResult ContextImpl::CompileCode(FEXCore::Core::InternalT
   auto [IRView, TotalInstructions, TotalInstructionsLength, StartAddr, Length, NeedsAddGuestCodeRanges] =
     GenerateIR(Thread, GuestRIP, Config.GDBSymbols(), MaxInst);
   if (!IRView) {
+    Thread->FrontendDecoder->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+    Thread->OpDispatcher->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
     // OpDispatcher IR already released in this case.
     return {{}, nullptr, 0, 0, false};
   }
@@ -804,6 +817,8 @@ ContextImpl::CompileCodeResult ContextImpl::CompileCode(FEXCore::Core::InternalT
     if (auto Block = Thread->LookupCache->FindBlock(Thread, GuestRIP)) {
       // Raced to compile, release the OpDispatcher IR.
       Thread->OpDispatcher->DelayedDisownBuffer();
+      Thread->FrontendDecoder->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+      Thread->OpDispatcher->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
       return {.CompiledCode = {.BlockBegin = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(Block), .EntryPoints = {{GuestRIP, reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(Block)}}},
               .DebugData = nullptr,
               .StartAddr = 0,
@@ -822,6 +837,8 @@ ContextImpl::CompileCodeResult ContextImpl::CompileCode(FEXCore::Core::InternalT
   // Release the IR
   Thread->OpDispatcher->DelayedDisownBuffer();
 
+  Thread->FrontendDecoder->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+  Thread->OpDispatcher->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
   return {
     .CompiledCode = std::move(CompiledCode),
     .DebugData = std::move(DebugData),
@@ -858,6 +875,47 @@ uintptr_t ContextImpl::CompileBlock(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame, uint64_
     return HostCode;
   }
 
+  Thread->FrontendDecoder->SetupDecodeInstructionsAtEntry(Thread, GuestRIP, MaxInst);
+
+  std::optional<ExecutableFileSectionInfo> Region = SyscallHandler->LookupExecutableFileSection(Thread, GuestRIP);
+  std::optional<DiskCache::CodeHitData> Hit;
+  std::optional<uint64_t> DiskCacheGuestCodeKey;
+  {
+    FEXCORE_PROFILE_ACCUMULATION(Thread, AccumulatedDiskCacheLookupTime);
+    Hit = DiskCache.Lookup(Thread, Region, GuestRIP, DiskCacheGuestCodeKey);
+    if (Hit && !DiskCache.IsValidating()) {
+      auto LoadedCode = Thread->CPUBackend->LoadCachedCode(Hit->HostCode);
+      if (LoadedCode.BlockBegin) {
+        for (auto& CodePage : Hit->GuestPages) {
+          if (Thread->LookupCache->AddBlockExecutableRange(Thread, Hit->EntryPointRIPs, CodePage, FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE)) {
+            SyscallHandler->MarkGuestExecutableRange(Thread, CodePage, FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE);
+          }
+        }
+
+        LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Hit->EntryPointRIPs.size() == Hit->EntryPointHostOffsets.size(), "Mismatched Disk Cache entrypoint pairs!");
+
+        uintptr_t CachedHostCode = 0;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < Hit->EntryPointRIPs.size(); i++) {
+          void* HostAddr = LoadedCode.BlockBegin + Hit->EntryPointHostOffsets[i];
+          Thread->LookupCache->AddBlockMapping(Thread, Hit->EntryPointRIPs[i], Hit->GuestPages, HostAddr);
+          if (Hit->EntryPointRIPs[i] == GuestRIP) {
+            CachedHostCode = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(HostAddr);
+          }
+        }
+
+        LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(CachedHostCode != 0, "Couldn't find GuestRIP in Disk Cache entrypoints!");
+
+        FEXCORE_PROFILE_INSTANT_INCREMENT(Thread, AccumulatedDiskCacheHitCount, 1);
+        Thread->FrontendDecoder->DelayedDisownBuffer();
+
+        Thread->FrontendDecoder->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+        Thread->OpDispatcher->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+        return CachedHostCode;
+      }
+    }
+    FEXCORE_PROFILE_INSTANT_INCREMENT(Thread, AccumulatedDiskCacheMissCount, 1);
+  }
+
   // Accumulate a JIT count now, as even if another thread raced us, it should count as a compile.
   FEXCORE_PROFILE_INSTANT_INCREMENT(Thread, AccumulatedJITCount, 1);
 
@@ -870,6 +928,13 @@ uintptr_t ContextImpl::CompileBlock(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame, uint64_
     return reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(CodePtr);
   }
 
+  if (DiskCacheGuestCodeKey && Hit && DiskCache.IsValidating()) {
+    DiskCache.Validate(*DiskCacheGuestCodeKey, *Hit, CompiledCode, Region);
+  }
+
+  // if this ever fires, we need to serialize the offset into disk cache
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(StartAddr == GuestRIP, "StartAddr offset from GuestRIP");
+
   // The core managed to compile the code.
   if (Config.BlockJITNaming()) {
     auto FragmentBasePtr = CompiledCode.BlockBegin;
@@ -909,11 +974,6 @@ uintptr_t ContextImpl::CompileBlock(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame, uint64_
     }
   }
 
-  // Clear any relocations that might have been generated
-  if (!CodeCache.IsGeneratingCache) {
-    Thread->CPUBackend->ClearRelocations();
-  }
-
   fextl::vector<uint64_t> CodePages;
 
   if (NeedsAddGuestCodeRanges) {
@@ -929,19 +989,37 @@ uintptr_t ContextImpl::CompileBlock(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame, uint64_
     }
   }
 
-  // Insert to lookup cache
+  // Disk Cache
+  if (!CodeCache.IsGeneratingCache) {
+    if (DiskCacheGuestCodeKey) {
+      std::span<const FEXCore::CPU::Relocation> Relocations;
+      if (DebugData && DebugData->Relocations) {
+        Relocations = *DebugData->Relocations;
+      }
+      std::span<const uint8_t> GuestCode = {reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(StartAddr), Length};
+      const Frontend::Decoder::DecodedBlockInformation* BlockInfo =
+        NeedsAddGuestCodeRanges ? Thread->FrontendDecoder->GetDecodedBlockInfo() : nullptr;
+      DiskCache.Store(Thread, Region, GuestRIP, *DiskCacheGuestCodeKey, GuestCode, CompiledCode, Relocations, BlockInfo);
+    }
 
+    if (CodeMapWriter && Region && Region->FileStartVA != 0) {
+      CodeMapWriter->AppendBlock(*Region, GuestRIP);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Insert to lookup cache
   for (auto [GuestAddr, HostAddr] : CompiledCode.EntryPoints) {
     Thread->LookupCache->AddBlockMapping(Thread, GuestAddr, CodePages, HostAddr);
   }
 
-  if (CodeMapWriter) {
-    auto Region = SyscallHandler->LookupExecutableFileSection(Thread, GuestRIP);
-    if (Region && Region->FileStartVA != 0) {
-      CodeMapWriter->AppendBlock(*Region, GuestRIP);
-    }
+  // Clear any relocations that might have been generated
+  if (!CodeCache.IsGeneratingCache) {
+    Thread->CPUBackend->ClearRelocations();
   }
 
+  Thread->FrontendDecoder->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+  Thread->OpDispatcher->ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+
   return (uintptr_t)CodePtr;
 }
 
@@ -954,6 +1032,7 @@ uintptr_t ContextImpl::CompileSingleStep(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame, ui
   // Invalidate might take a unique lock on this, to guarantee that during invalidation no code gets compiled
   auto lk = GuardSignalDeferringSection<std::shared_lock>(CodeInvalidationMutex, Thread);
 
+  Thread->FrontendDecoder->SetupDecodeInstructionsAtEntry(Thread, GuestRIP, 1);
   auto [CompiledCode, DebugData, StartAddr, Length, _] = CompileCode(Thread, GuestRIP, 1);
   auto CodePtr = CompiledCode.EntryPoints[GuestRIP];
   if (CodePtr == nullptr) {

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/DiskCache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+#include "Interface/Core/JIT/Relocations.h"
+#include "Interface/Core/Frontend.h"
+#include "Interface/Core/CPUBackend.h"
+
+#include <FEXCore/Core/CodeCache.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Core/Context.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Config/Config.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/File.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/WorkQueueThread.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/memory.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/string.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/unordered_set.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/robin_map.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/map.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/vector.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <span>
+#include <xxhash.h>
+
+namespace FEXCore {
+
+namespace Context {
+  class ContextImpl;
+}
+
+namespace DiskCache {
+
+  namespace MesaFOZ {
+
+#define FOSSILIZE_BLOB_HASH_LENGTH 40 /* SHA1 hexadecimal string length */
+
+    struct __attribute__((packed)) foz_payload_key {
+      uint8_t bytes[FOSSILIZE_BLOB_HASH_LENGTH];
+    };
+
+    struct __attribute__((packed)) foz_payload_header {
+      uint32_t payload_size;
+      uint32_t format;
+      uint32_t crc;
+      uint32_t uncompressed_size;
+    };
+
+    struct mesa_index_db_file_entry;
+
+  } // namespace MesaFOZ
+
+  class IndexedDB;
+
+  struct MemoryLRUKey {
+    uint64_t LookupKey;
+    XXH128_hash_t GuestHash;
+    uint64_t GuestFootprint;
+    uint32_t Size;
+  };
+
+  struct IndexEntry {
+    IndexedDB* DB;
+    uint64_t Offset;
+    uint32_t Size;
+    uint32_t GuestSize;
+    XXH128_hash_t GuestHash;
+    fextl::shared_ptr<fextl::vector<uint8_t>> MemoryBlob;
+    fextl::vector<uint32_t> GuestExtents;
+    std::optional<fextl::list<MemoryLRUKey>::iterator> LRUEntry;
+  };
+
+  struct IndexCacheHead {
+    struct IndexEntry MainEntry;
+    uint64_t MainEntryFootprint;
+    fextl::unique_ptr<fextl::multimap<uint64_t, IndexEntry>> MoreEntries; // sorted by guest footprint
+  };
+
+  struct __attribute__((packed)) BlobFixedHeader {
+    uint32_t GuestSize;
+    uint32_t HostSize;
+    uint32_t EntryPointCount;
+    uint32_t SmallRelocCount;
+    uint32_t ThunkRelocCount;
+    XXH128_hash_t GuestHash;
+  };
+
+  // packed struct for types 0, 2 and 3. type 1 is bigger and separate below
+  struct __attribute__((packed)) BlobSmallRelocation {
+    uint32_t Offset;
+    uint8_t Type;
+    union {
+      struct __attribute__((packed)) {
+        uint32_t Symbol;
+      } Named;
+      struct __attribute__((packed)) {
+        uint64_t GuestRIP;
+      } RIPLiteral;
+      struct __attribute__((packed)) {
+        uint8_t RegisterIndex;
+        uint64_t GuestRIP;
+      } RIPMove;
+      struct __attribute__((packed)) {
+        uint8_t RegisterIndex;
+        uint8_t ValueSize;
+        uint32_t SiteOffset;
+      } PatchableData;
+    };
+  };
+
+  // type 1, implicit
+  struct __attribute__((packed)) BlobThunkRelocation {
+    uint32_t Offset;
+    uint8_t RegisterIndex;
+    uint8_t SymbolHash[32]; // sha256sum in the real RelocNamedThunkMove
+  };
+
+  struct CodeHitData {
+    fextl::vector<uint8_t> Blob;
+    std::span<uint8_t> HostCode;
+    std::span<const uint64_t> GuestPages;
+    std::span<uint64_t> EntryPointRIPs;
+    std::span<const uint32_t> EntryPointHostOffsets;
+
+    // the spans above point to memory owned by the Blob vec, so it's important this can't be copied
+    CodeHitData() = default;
+    CodeHitData(CodeHitData&&) = default;
+    CodeHitData& operator=(CodeHitData&&) = default;
+    CodeHitData(const CodeHitData&) = delete;
+    CodeHitData& operator=(const CodeHitData&) = delete;
+  };
+
+  using Index = fextl::robin_map<uint64_t, IndexCacheHead>;
+
+  class FOZFile {
+  public:
+    bool Open(const fextl::string& CacheFileName, bool ReadOnly);
+    bool Lock(uint32_t TimeoutMS) {
+      if (!FD) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return FD->Lock(TimeoutMS);
+    }
+    bool Unlock() {
+      if (!FD) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      return FD->Unlock();
+    }
+    File::File::FileHandleType GetHandle() {
+      return FD ? FD->GetHandle() : (File::File::FileHandleType)-1;
+    }
+    ssize_t Size();
+    bool ReadAll(fextl::vector<uint8_t>& Out); // from first blob
+    bool ReadBlob(uint64_t Offset, std::span<uint8_t> OutBlob);
+    bool WriteBlob(const MesaFOZ::foz_payload_key& Key, std::span<const std::span<const uint8_t>> BlobChunks, uint64_t& OutBlobOffset);
+
+  private:
+    static constexpr uint32_t OPEN_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
+
+    fextl::string FileName;
+    fextl::unique_ptr<File::File> FD;
+    bool ReadOnly = false;
+  };
+
+  class IndexedDB {
+  public:
+    bool Open(const fextl::string& CacheDBName, bool ReadOnly);
+    void PopulateIndex(Index& CacheIndex, bool& FoundMetadata);
+    bool ReadCacheBlob(uint64_t Offset, std::span<uint8_t> OutBlob);
+    bool StoreCacheBlob(const MesaFOZ::foz_payload_key& UniqueKey, uint64_t LookupKey, std::span<const uint8_t> Blob,
+                        MesaFOZ::mesa_index_db_file_entry& IndexEntry, std::span<const uint8_t> IndexBlob);
+    bool Full() const {
+      return MaxSizeReached;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    // stores run on the Writer, so returning quick isn't as important
+    static constexpr uint32_t STORE_LOCK_TIMEOUT_MS = 1000;
+    static constexpr uint64_t BIG_MAPPING_SIZE = 1ULL << 33;
+
+    FOZFile CacheFOZ;
+    uint8_t* CacheFileMapping = nullptr;
+    std::atomic<uint64_t> CacheFileSize;
+    FOZFile IndexFOZ;
+    bool ReadOnly = false;
+    bool MaxSizeReached = false;
+
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(MaxFileSize, DISKCACHEMAXFILESIZE);
+  };
+
+  class DiskCache {
+  public:
+    void Init(FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* CTX);
+
+    std::optional<CodeHitData> Lookup(Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, std::optional<ExecutableFileSectionInfo> Region, uint64_t GuestRIP,
+                                      std::optional<uint64_t>& GuestCodeKey);
+    void Validate(uint64_t GuestCodeKey, const CodeHitData& Hit, const CPU::CPUBackend::CompiledCode& CompiledCode,
+                  std::optional<ExecutableFileSectionInfo> Region);
+    bool Store(Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, std::optional<ExecutableFileSectionInfo> Region, uint64_t GuestRIP, uint64_t GuestCodeKey,
+               std::span<const uint8_t> GuestCode, const CPU::CPUBackend::CompiledCode& CompiledCode,
+               std::span<const FEXCore::CPU::Relocation> Relocations, const Frontend::Decoder::DecodedBlockInformation* DecodedBlockInfo);
+
+    bool IsWritingDiskCache() const {
+      return WritingDiskCache;
+    }
+    bool IsReadingDiskCache() const {
+      return ReadingDiskCache;
+    }
+    bool IsValidating() const {
+      return Validation;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    bool OpenCacheDB(const fextl::string& CacheDBName, bool ReadOnly);
+    uint64_t MakeLookupKey(Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, const uint64_t ModuleOffset, bool Writable, bool MonoBackpatcher);
+    IndexEntry* LookupLocked(const uint64_t LookupKey, const XXH128_hash_t& GuestHash, const uint64_t GuestFootprint);
+
+    bool ReadingDiskCache {};
+    bool WritingDiskCache {};
+    FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* CTX;
+    XXH128_hash_t BucketHash;
+    fextl::vector<fextl::unique_ptr<IndexedDB>> ROCacheDBs;
+    fextl::unique_ptr<IndexedDB> RWCacheDB;
+    Index Index;
+    std::mutex IndexLock;
+    bool FoundMetadata = false;
+    struct CacheStoreWorkItem;
+
+    struct PruneMemoryLRUWorkItem;
+    std::atomic<uint64_t> MemoryLRUCurrentSize {};
+    std::mutex MemoryLRULock;
+    fextl::list<MemoryLRUKey> MemoryLRU;
+
+    // the Writer holds references to all this stuff above and needs to be last
+    fextl::unique_ptr<WorkQueueThread> Writer;
+
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(EnableDiskCache, DISKCACHE);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(Validation, DISKCACHEVALIDATION);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(MapDiskCacheFiles, DISKCACHEFILEMAPPING);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(RelocationFilter, DISKCACHERELOCATIONFILTER);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(AnonCaching, DISKCACHEANONCACHING);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(BasePathOverride, DISKCACHEPATH);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(RODBNames, DISKCACHERODBNAMES);
+    FEX_CONFIG_OPT(MemoryLRUMaxSize, DISKCACHEMEMORYSIZE);
+
+    uint64_t MemoryLRUEvictThreshold = MemoryLRUMaxSize / 25;
+  };
+
+  static constexpr uint16_t AnonPrefixGuestBytes = 64;
+  // The current version of the diskcache.
+  // This must be changed any time codegen changes occur!
+  // Be aware of the impact of changing this frequently!
+  static constexpr uint16_t FormatVersion = 29;
+
+  static constexpr uint32_t LOOKUP_KEY_MAX_BUCKET_DEPTH = 500;
+
+} // namespace DiskCache
+
+} // namespace FEXCore

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Dispatcher/Dispatcher.cpp

@@ -276,8 +276,15 @@ void Dispatcher::EmitDispatcher() {
     str(TMP2, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CPUState, DeferredSignalRefCount));
 
     // Trigger segfault if any deferred signals are pending
-    strb(ARMEmitter::XReg::zr, STATE,
-         offsetof(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState, InterruptFaultPage) - offsetof(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState, BaseFrameState));
+    constexpr size_t InterruptPageOffset =
+      offsetof(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState, InterruptFaultPage) - offsetof(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState, BaseFrameState);
+    if constexpr (InterruptPageOffset <= 32760) {
+      str(ARMEmitter::XReg::zr, STATE, InterruptPageOffset);
+    } else {
+      // Need to use vector 128-bit store for this range.
+      // Doesn't matter which register we use to store.
+      str(ARMEmitter::QReg::q0, STATE, InterruptPageOffset);
+    }
 #endif
   };
 
@@ -507,6 +514,64 @@ void Dispatcher::EmitDispatcher() {
     (void)b(&LoopTop);
   }
 
+  {
+    // All dynamic and static registers are spilled coming in to this handler.
+    // It's also the end of block and RIP might have changed, so we jump directly to the top of the loop.
+    ThreadDispatchSyscallHandler = GetCursorAddress<uint64_t>();
+
+    // Store in the state that we are in a syscall
+    // 16bit LoadConstant to be a single instruction
+    // This gives the signal handler a value to check to see if we are in a syscall at all
+    LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r0, 0xFFFF);
+    str(ARMEmitter::XReg::x0, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, InSyscallInfo));
+
+    ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x0, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.SyscallHandlerObj));
+    ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x3, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.SyscallHandlerFunc));
+    mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r1, STATE.R());
+
+    if (!CTX->Config.DisableVixlIndirectCalls) [[unlikely]] {
+      GenerateIndirectRuntimeCall<uint64_t, void*, void*, void*>(ARMEmitter::Reg::r3);
+    } else {
+      blr(ARMEmitter::Reg::r3);
+    }
+
+    // Fix the stack and any values that were stepped on
+    // Syscall result is in any static register that the frontend desired.
+    FillStaticRegs({
+      .OptionalReg = ARMEmitter::Reg::r1,
+      .OptionalReg2 = ARMEmitter::Reg::r2,
+    });
+
+    // Now the registers we've spilled are back in their original host registers
+    // We can safely claim we are no longer in a syscall
+    str(ARMEmitter::XReg::zr, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, InSyscallInfo));
+
+    // Now go back to the regular dispatcher loop
+    (void)b(&LoopTop);
+  }
+
+  {
+    // All dynamic and static registers are spilled coming in to this handler.
+    // It's also the end of block and RIP might have changed, so we jump directly to the top of the loop.
+    ThreadDispatchRemoveCodeEntry = GetCursorAddress<uint64_t>();
+
+    // Arguments are already in x0, x1. Just jump to the handler.
+    ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x2, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.ThreadRemoveCodeEntryFromJIT));
+    if (!CTX->Config.DisableVixlIndirectCalls) [[unlikely]] {
+      GenerateIndirectRuntimeCall<void, void*, void*>(ARMEmitter::Reg::r2);
+    } else {
+      blr(ARMEmitter::Reg::r2);
+    }
+
+    FillStaticRegs({
+      .OptionalReg = ARMEmitter::Reg::r1,
+      .OptionalReg2 = ARMEmitter::Reg::r2,
+    });
+
+    // Now go back to the regular dispatcher loop
+    (void)b(&LoopTop);
+  }
+
   auto EmitLongALUOpHandler = [&](auto R, auto Offset) {
     auto Address = GetCursorAddress<uint64_t>();
 
@@ -2620,6 +2685,8 @@ void Dispatcher::InitThreadPointers(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread)
     Ptrs.ExitFunctionLinker = ExitFunctionLinkerAddress;
     Ptrs.ThreadStopHandlerSpillSRA = ThreadStopHandlerAddressSpillSRA;
     Ptrs.ThreadPauseHandlerSpillSRA = ThreadPauseHandlerAddressSpillSRA;
+    Ptrs.ThreadDispatchSyscallHandler = ThreadDispatchSyscallHandler;
+    Ptrs.ThreadDispatchRemoveCodeEntry = ThreadDispatchRemoveCodeEntry;
     Ptrs.GuestSignal_SIGILL = GuestSignal_SIGILL;
     Ptrs.GuestSignal_SIGTRAP = GuestSignal_SIGTRAP;
     Ptrs.GuestSignal_SIGSEGV = GuestSignal_SIGSEGV;

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Dispatcher/Dispatcher.h

@@ -81,6 +81,8 @@ private:
   uint64_t AbsoluteLoopTopAddressEnterECFillSRA {};
   uint64_t ThreadPauseHandlerAddress {};
   uint64_t ThreadPauseHandlerAddressSpillSRA {};
+  uint64_t ThreadDispatchSyscallHandler {};
+  uint64_t ThreadDispatchRemoveCodeEntry {};
   uint64_t ExitFunctionLinkerAddress {};
   uint64_t SignalHandlerReturnAddress {};
   uint64_t SignalHandlerReturnAddressRT {};

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Frontend.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ $end_info$
 
 #include "Interface/Context/Context.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/Frontend.h"
+#include "Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/X86Tables/X86Tables.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/LookupCache.h"
 
@@ -69,7 +70,6 @@ static uint32_t MapVEXToReg(uint8_t vvvv, bool HasXMM) {
 Decoder::Decoder(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread)
   : Thread {Thread}
   , CTX {static_cast<FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl*>(Thread->CTX)}
-  , OSABI {CTX->SyscallHandler ? CTX->SyscallHandler->GetOSABI() : FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_UNKNOWN}
   , PoolObject {CTX->FrontendAllocator, sizeof(FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedInst) * DefaultDecodedBufferSize} {
 
   FEX_CONFIG_OPT(ReducedPrecision, X87REDUCEDPRECISION);
@@ -89,6 +89,11 @@ Decoder::Decoder(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread)
 }
 
 bool Decoder::CheckRangeExecutable(uint64_t Address, uint64_t Size) {
+  // Check for wraparound
+  if (Address + Size < Address) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
   while (Address < ExecutableRangeBase || Address + Size > ExecutableRangeEnd) {
     auto RangeInfo = CTX->SyscallHandler->QueryGuestExecutableRange(Thread, Address);
     ExecutableRangeBase = RangeInfo.Base;
@@ -110,9 +115,8 @@ bool Decoder::CheckRangeExecutable(uint64_t Address, uint64_t Size) {
 }
 
 uint8_t Decoder::ReadByte() {
-  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(InstructionSize < MAX_INST_SIZE, "Max instruction size exceeded!");
   std::optional<uint8_t> Byte = PeekByte(0);
-  if (!Byte) {
+  if (!Byte || InstructionSize == MAX_INST_SIZE) {
     HitNonExecutableRange = true;
     // Pretend we read 0, the main decode loop will see HitNonExecutableRange and rollback the instruction.
     return 0;
@@ -137,6 +141,8 @@ std::pair<uint64_t, bool> Decoder::ReadData(uint8_t Size) {
 
   uint64_t Res = 0;
   uint64_t Address = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(InstStream.InstStream + InstructionSize);
+  LastFieldReadOffset = (uint8_t)InstructionSize;
+  LastFieldReadSize = Size;
   if (CheckRangeExecutable(Address, Size)) {
     std::memcpy(&Res, &InstStream.AdjustedInstStream[InstructionSize], Size);
   } else {
@@ -211,6 +217,7 @@ void Decoder::DecodeModRM_16(X86Tables::DecodedOperand* Operand, X86Tables::ModR
   Operand->Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::SIB;
   Operand->Data.SIB.Scale = 1;
   Operand->Data.SIB.Offset = Literal;
+  Operand->Data.SIB.PatchableDisp = false;
 
   // Only called when ModRM.mod != 0b11
   struct Encodings {
@@ -286,6 +293,7 @@ void Decoder::DecodeModRM_64(X86Tables::DecodedOperand* Operand, X86Tables::ModR
     // SIB
     Operand->Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::SIB;
     Operand->Data.SIB.Scale = 1 << SIB.scale;
+    Operand->Data.SIB.PatchableDisp = false;
 
     // The invalid encoding types are described at Table 1-12. "promoted nsigned is always non-zero"
     {
@@ -324,6 +332,7 @@ void Decoder::DecodeModRM_64(X86Tables::DecodedOperand* Operand, X86Tables::ModR
       auto [Literal, IsRelocation] = ReadData(4);
       Operand->Type = IsRelocation ? DecodedOperand::OpType::RIPRelativeRelocation : DecodedOperand::OpType::RIPRelative;
       Operand->Data.RIPLiteral.Value = Literal;
+      Operand->Data.RIPLiteral.PatchableDisp = false;
     } else {
       // Register-direct addressing
       Operand->Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::GPRDirect;
@@ -339,6 +348,7 @@ void Decoder::DecodeModRM_64(X86Tables::DecodedOperand* Operand, X86Tables::ModR
     Operand->Type = IsRelocation ? DecodedOperand::OpType::GPRIndirectRelocation : DecodedOperand::OpType::GPRIndirect;
     Operand->Data.GPRIndirect.GPR = MapModRMToReg(DecodeInst->Flags & DecodeFlags::FLAG_REX_XGPR_B ? 1 : 0, ModRM.rm, false, false, false, false);
     Operand->Data.GPRIndirect.Displacement = Literal;
+    Operand->Data.GPRIndirect.PatchableDisp = false;
   }
 }
 
@@ -491,15 +501,7 @@ Decoder::DecodedBlockStatus Decoder::NormalOp(const FEXCore::X86Tables::X86InstI
 
   auto* CurrentDest = &DecodeInst->Dest;
 
-  if (HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX) ||
-      HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_DST_RDX)) {
-    // Some instructions hardcode their destination as RAX
-    CurrentDest->Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::GPR;
-    CurrentDest->Data.GPR.HighBits = false;
-    CurrentDest->Data.GPR.GPR =
-      HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX) ? FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX : FEXCore::X86State::REG_RDX;
-    CurrentDest = &DecodeInst->Src[0];
-  } else if (HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE)) {
+  if (HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE)) {
     LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!HasMODRM, "This instruction shouldn't have ModRM!");
 
     // If the REX is in the byte that means the lower nibble of the OP contains the destination GPR
@@ -616,28 +618,13 @@ Decoder::DecodedBlockStatus Decoder::NormalOp(const FEXCore::X86Tables::X86InstI
     ++CurrentSrc;
   }
 
-  if (HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX)) {
-    DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::GPR;
-    DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Data.GPR.HighBits = false;
-    DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Data.GPR.GPR = FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX;
-    ++CurrentSrc;
-  } else if (HAS_NON_XMM_SUBFLAG(Info->Flags, FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX)) {
-    DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::GPR;
-    DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Data.GPR.HighBits = false;
-    DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Data.GPR.GPR = FEXCore::X86State::REG_RCX;
-    ++CurrentSrc;
-  }
-
   if (VEXOperand == FEXCore::X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_VEX_DST) {
     CurrentDest->Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::GPR;
     CurrentDest->Data.GPR.HighBits = false;
     CurrentDest->Data.GPR.GPR = MapVEXToReg(Options.vvvv, HasXMMDst);
   }
 
-  if (Bytes != 0) {
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Bytes <= 8, "Number of bytes should be <= 8 for literal src");
-
-
+  if (Bytes <= 8 && Bytes > 0) {
     auto [Literal, IsRelocation] = ReadData(Bytes);
     if (IsRelocation) {
       DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Type = DecodedOperand::OpType::LiteralRelocation;
@@ -662,6 +649,11 @@ Decoder::DecodedBlockStatus Decoder::NormalOp(const FEXCore::X86Tables::X86InstI
       DecodeInst->Src[CurrentSrc].Data.Literal.Value = Literal;
     }
 
+    Bytes = 0;
+  } else {
+    // All real x86 instructions have byte sizes that are 8-bytes or less.
+    // Thunk instruction has an additional 32-byte SHA256 payload that needs to be accounted for.
+    InstructionSize += Bytes;
     Bytes = 0;
   }
 
@@ -1329,6 +1321,13 @@ void Decoder::AddBranchTarget(uint64_t Target) {
           .BlockStatus = BlockIt->BlockStatus,
         };
 
+        if (BlockIt->DataMasks.size()) {
+          auto MaskIt = std::lower_bound(BlockIt->DataMasks.begin(), BlockIt->DataMasks.end(), SplitAddr,
+                                         [](const DataMask& Mask, uint64_t Addr) { return Mask.FieldAddress < Addr; });
+          SplitBlock.DataMasks.assign(MaskIt, BlockIt->DataMasks.end());
+          BlockIt->DataMasks.erase(MaskIt, BlockIt->DataMasks.end());
+        }
+
         BlockIt->Size = SplitOffset;
         BlockIt->NumInstructions = SplitIdx;
 
@@ -1353,7 +1352,8 @@ const Decoder::DecodeStream Decoder::AdjustAddrForSpecialRegion(const uint8_t* _
   constexpr uint64_t VSyscall_Base = 0xFFFF'FFFF'FF60'0000ULL;
   constexpr uint64_t VSyscall_End = VSyscall_Base + 0x1000;
 
-  if (OSABI == FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_LINUX64 && RIP >= VSyscall_Base && RIP < VSyscall_End) {
+  if (BlockInfo.Is64BitMode && CTX->HostFeatures.HostType == FEXCore::HostFeatures::HostTypeEnum::Linux && RIP >= VSyscall_Base &&
+      RIP < VSyscall_End) {
     // VSyscall
     // This doesn't exist on AArch64 and on x86_64 hosts this is emulated with faults to a region mapped with --xp permissions
     // Offset     0: vgettimeofday
@@ -1373,106 +1373,217 @@ const Decoder::DecodeStream Decoder::AdjustAddrForSpecialRegion(const uint8_t* _
 }
 
 bool Decoder::CheckIfCacheable(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState& Thread, const uint8_t* InstStream, uint64_t PC, uint64_t MaxInst) {
-  DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(&Thread, InstStream, PC, MaxInst);
+  SetupDecodeInstructionsAtEntry(&Thread, PC, MaxInst);
+  DecodeLoop(InstStream);
   bool Uncacheable = HitBadRelocation;
   DelayedDisownBuffer();
   return !Uncacheable;
 }
 
-void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, const uint8_t* _InstStream, uint64_t PC, uint64_t MaxInst) {
-  FEXCORE_PROFILE_SCOPED("DecodeInstructions");
-  BlockInfo.TotalInstructionCount = 0;
-  BlockInfo.Blocks.clear();
-  VisitedBlocks.clear();
-  // Reset internal state management
-  DecodedSize = 0;
-  MaxCondBranchForward = 0;
-  MaxCondBranchBackwards = ~0ULL;
-  DecodedBuffer = PoolObject.ReownOrClaimBuffer();
+void Decoder::DetectDataMasks(uint64_t OpAddress, DecodedBlocks& Block) {
+  FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOperand* LiteralToPatch = nullptr;
 
-  // Decode operating mode from thread's CS segment.
-  const auto CSSegment = Core::CPUState::GetSegmentFromIndex(Thread->CurrentFrame->State, Thread->CurrentFrame->State.cs_idx);
-  BlockInfo.Is64BitMode = CSSegment->L == 1;
-  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(BlockInfo.Is64BitMode == CTX->Config.Is64BitMode, "Expected operating mode to not change at runtime!");
+  // cmp *, imm8 - seen varying in mono jitted code
+  {
+    FEXCore::X86Tables::ModRMDecoded ModRM;
+    ModRM.Hex = DecodeInst->ModRM;
+    if ((DecodeInst->OPRaw == 0x80 || DecodeInst->OPRaw == 0x83) && ModRM.reg == 7 && LastFieldReadSize == 1) {
+      for (auto& Src : DecodeInst->Src) {
+        if (Src.IsLiteral()) {
+          LiteralToPatch = &Src;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (LiteralToPatch && LiteralToPatch->Literal() != 0) {
+        Block.DataMasks.push_back({OpAddress + LastFieldReadOffset, DataMaskType::MOV, LastFieldReadSize});
 
-  EntryPoint = PC;
-  BlockInfo.EntryPoints = {PC};
-
-  uint64_t TotalInstructions {};
-
-  SectionMinAddress = 0;
-  SectionMaxAddress = ~0ULL;
-  Relocations = nullptr;
-
-  if (CTX->GetCodeCache().IsGeneratingCache || EnableCodeCacheValidation) {
-    // If generating cache, attempt to load section bounds and relocations
-    if (auto SectionInfo = CTX->SyscallHandler->LookupExecutableFileSection(Thread, EntryPoint)) {
-      SectionMinAddress = SectionInfo->FileStartVA;
-      SectionMaxAddress = SectionInfo->EndVA;
-      Relocations = &SectionInfo->FileInfo.Relocations;
+        LiteralToPatch->Type = X86Tables::DecodedOperand::OpType::LiteralPatchable;
+        LiteralToPatch->Data.LiteralPatchable.FieldOffset = LastFieldReadOffset;
+        LiteralToPatch->Data.LiteralPatchable.Width = LastFieldReadSize;
+      }
     }
   }
 
-  DecodedMinAddress = EntryPoint;
-  DecodedMaxAddress = EntryPoint;
-
-  // Entry is a jump target
-  BlocksToDecode = {PC};
-
-  uint64_t CurrentCodePage = PC & FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_MASK;
-
-  BlockInfo.CodePages = {CurrentCodePage};
-
-  if (MaxInst == 0) {
-    MaxInst = CTX->Config.MaxInstPerBlock;
+  if (LastFieldReadSize < 4) {
+    return;
   }
 
-  bool EntryBlock {true};
-  bool FinalInstruction {false};
+  DataMaskType Type = DataMaskType::NONE;
 
-  while (!FinalInstruction && !BlocksToDecode.empty()) {
-    auto BlockDecodeIt = BlocksToDecode.begin();
-    uint64_t RIPToDecode = *BlockDecodeIt;
-    BlocksToDecode.erase(BlockDecodeIt);
-    VisitedBlocks.emplace(RIPToDecode);
-
-    auto BlockSuccIt = std::lower_bound(BlockInfo.Blocks.begin(), BlockInfo.Blocks.end(), RIPToDecode,
-                                        [](const auto& a, uint64_t Address) { return a.Entry < Address; });
-
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(BlockSuccIt == BlockInfo.Blocks.end() || BlockSuccIt->Entry != RIPToDecode, "unexpected");
-
-    NextBlockStartAddress = ~0ULL;
-    if (!BlocksToDecode.empty()) {
-      // We just erased the lowest, the front is then the second lowest
-      NextBlockStartAddress = *BlocksToDecode.begin();
+  // imm32 or imm64 at the end type instructions
+  if (DecodeInst->TableInfo->Flags & X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE) {
+    for (auto& Src : DecodeInst->Src) {
+      if (Src.IsLiteral()) {
+        LiteralToPatch = &Src;
+        break;
+      }
     }
-    if (BlockSuccIt != BlockInfo.Blocks.end() && BlockSuccIt->Entry < NextBlockStartAddress) {
-      NextBlockStartAddress = BlockSuccIt->Entry;
+    if (DecodeInst->Dest.IsLiteral()) {
+      LiteralToPatch = &DecodeInst->Dest;
     }
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(NextBlockStartAddress > RIPToDecode, "unexpected");
 
-    // Insert the block now so it can be looked up and split if necessary on a backward edge
-    auto BlockIt = BlockInfo.Blocks.emplace(BlockSuccIt);
+    // heuristic: if it's a small value, assume it's more likely to be part of the code around it
+    bool IsMOV = (DecodeInst->OPRaw >= 0xB8 && DecodeInst->OPRaw <= 0xBF) || DecodeInst->OPRaw == 0xC7;
+    if (LiteralToPatch && IsMOV && LiteralToPatch->Literal() < 0x10000ULL) {
+      LiteralToPatch = nullptr;
+    }
+    if (LiteralToPatch && LiteralToPatch->Literal() != 0) {
+      Type = DataMaskType::MOV;
+    }
+  }
 
-    BlockIt->Entry = RIPToDecode;
-    BlockIt->Size = 0;
-    BlockIt->IsEntryPoint = EntryBlock;
+  // anything that has a patchable disp32
+  bool TryDisp = DecodeInst->Flags & X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_DECODED_MODRM;
+  if (TryDisp) {
+    FEXCore::X86Tables::ModRMDecoded ModRM;
+    ModRM.Hex = DecodeInst->ModRM;
+    {
+      // todo we could handle both imm + disp with more load tracking
+      bool FoundLiteral = false;
+      FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOperand* OpToPatch = nullptr;
+      for (auto& Src : DecodeInst->Src) {
+        if (Src.IsLiteral()) {
+          FoundLiteral = true;
+          break;
+        }
+        if (Src.IsRIPRelative() || Src.IsGPRIndirect() || Src.IsSIB()) {
+          OpToPatch = &Src;
+        }
+      }
+      if (DecodeInst->Dest.IsLiteral()) {
+        FoundLiteral = true;
+      }
+      if (DecodeInst->Dest.IsRIPRelative() || DecodeInst->Dest.IsGPRIndirect() || DecodeInst->Dest.IsSIB()) {
+        OpToPatch = &DecodeInst->Dest;
+      }
+      if (!FoundLiteral && OpToPatch) {
+        if (DecodeInst->TableInfo->OpcodeDispatcher.OpDispatch == &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::NOPOp) {
+          // if it's a nop disp, only mask data out, no other action required
+          Type = DataMaskType::NOP;
+        } else if (OpToPatch->IsRIPRelative()) {
+          Type = DataMaskType::DISP;
+          OpToPatch->Data.RIPLiteral.PatchableDisp = true;
+          OpToPatch->Data.RIPLiteral.DispOffset = LastFieldReadOffset;
+        } else if (OpToPatch->IsGPRIndirect()) {
+          // filter out disp8
+          if (!(ModRM.mod == 1)) {
+            Type = DataMaskType::DISP;
+            OpToPatch->Data.GPRIndirect.PatchableDisp = true;
+            OpToPatch->Data.GPRIndirect.DispOffset = LastFieldReadOffset;
+          }
+        } else if (OpToPatch->IsSIB()) {
+          FEXCore::X86Tables::SIBDecoded SIB;
+          SIB.Hex = DecodeInst->SIB;
+          // two disp32 cases here
+          if (ModRM.mod == 0b10 || (ModRM.mod == 0 && SIB.base == 0b101)) {
+            Type = DataMaskType::DISP;
+            OpToPatch->Data.SIB.PatchableDisp = true;
+            OpToPatch->Data.SIB.DispOffset = LastFieldReadOffset;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // jmp/call branches that use a literal rip-relative offset
+  // some of those may be inlined by multiblock and will be cleaned up at decode end
+  if (DecodeInst->TableInfo->Flags & X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_SETS_RIP && DecodeInst->Src[0].IsLiteral() && DecodeInst->Src[0].Literal() != 0) {
+    LiteralToPatch = &DecodeInst->Src[0];
+    Type = DataMaskType::BRANCH;
+  }
 
-    uint64_t PCOffset = 0;
-    uint64_t BlockStartOffset = DecodedSize;
-    bool EraseBlock = true; // Unset once the block contains an instruction
+  // todo add a bunch more
 
-    BlockIt->DecodedInstructions = &DecodedBuffer[BlockStartOffset];
-    BlockIt->NumInstructions = 0;
+  if (Type != DataMaskType::NONE) {
+    Block.DataMasks.push_back({OpAddress + LastFieldReadOffset, Type, LastFieldReadSize});
 
-    // Do a bit of pointer math to figure out where we are in code
-    InstStream = AdjustAddrForSpecialRegion(_InstStream, EntryPoint, RIPToDecode);
+    if (LiteralToPatch) {
+      LiteralToPatch->Type = X86Tables::DecodedOperand::OpType::LiteralPatchable;
+      LiteralToPatch->Data.LiteralPatchable.FieldOffset = LastFieldReadOffset;
+      LiteralToPatch->Data.LiteralPatchable.Width = LastFieldReadSize;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Decoder::PruneInlinedBranchDataMasks() {
+  for (auto& Block : BlockInfo.Blocks) {
+    if (!Block.DataMasks.size()) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    const auto& LastInst = Block.DecodedInstructions[Block.NumInstructions - 1];
+    const auto& LastMask = Block.DataMasks.back();
+
+    if (LastMask.Type != DataMaskType::BRANCH) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    const uint64_t NextInst = LastInst.PC + LastInst.InstSize;
+    if (LastMask.FieldAddress < LastInst.PC || LastMask.FieldAddress + LastMask.ValueSize > NextInst) {
+      continue;
+    }
+
+    if (std::ranges::binary_search(BlockInfo.Blocks, NextInst + LastInst.Src[0].Data.LiteralPatchable.Value, std::less {}, &DecodedBlocks::Entry)) {
+      Block.DataMasks.pop_back();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Decoder::DecodeLoop(const uint8_t* _InstStream, uint64_t GuestSizePause) {
+  // counter-intuitively, the masks are also needed for lookup on anon prefix decodes, not just stores
+  bool WantsDataMasks = CTX->DiskCache.IsReadingDiskCache() || CTX->DiskCache.IsWritingDiskCache();
+
+  while (!FinalInstruction && (Paused || !BlocksToDecode.empty())) {
+    bool Pausing = false;
+    fextl::vector<DecodedBlocks>::iterator BlockIt;
+    if (!Paused || BlockResume == -1) {
+      auto BlockDecodeIt = BlocksToDecode.begin();
+      uint64_t RIPToDecode = *BlockDecodeIt;
+      BlocksToDecode.erase(BlockDecodeIt);
+      VisitedBlocks.emplace(RIPToDecode);
+
+      auto BlockSuccIt = std::lower_bound(BlockInfo.Blocks.begin(), BlockInfo.Blocks.end(), RIPToDecode,
+                                          [](const auto& a, uint64_t Address) { return a.Entry < Address; });
+
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(BlockSuccIt == BlockInfo.Blocks.end() || BlockSuccIt->Entry != RIPToDecode, "unexpected");
+
+      NextBlockStartAddress = ~0ULL;
+      if (!BlocksToDecode.empty()) {
+        // We just erased the lowest, the front is then the second lowest
+        NextBlockStartAddress = *BlocksToDecode.begin();
+      }
+      if (BlockSuccIt != BlockInfo.Blocks.end() && BlockSuccIt->Entry < NextBlockStartAddress) {
+        NextBlockStartAddress = BlockSuccIt->Entry;
+      }
+
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(NextBlockStartAddress == ~0ULL || NextBlockStartAddress > RIPToDecode, "unexpected");
+
+      // Insert the block now so it can be looked up and split if necessary on a backward edge
+      BlockIt = BlockInfo.Blocks.emplace(BlockSuccIt);
+
+      BlockIt->Entry = RIPToDecode;
+      BlockIt->Size = 0;
+      BlockIt->IsEntryPoint = EntryBlock;
+
+      PCOffset = 0;
+      BlockStartOffset = DecodedSize;
+      EraseBlock = true; // Unset once the block contains an instruction
+
+      BlockIt->DecodedInstructions = &DecodedBuffer[BlockStartOffset];
+      BlockIt->NumInstructions = 0;
+
+      // Do a bit of pointer math to figure out where we are in code
+      InstStream = AdjustAddrForSpecialRegion(_InstStream, EntryPoint, RIPToDecode);
+    } else if (BlockResume != -1) {
+      BlockIt = BlockInfo.Blocks.begin() + BlockResume;
+      BlockResume = -1;
+    }
+
+    Paused = false;
 
     while (1) {
       InstructionSize = 0;
 
       // MAX_INST_SIZE assumes worst case
-      auto OpAddress = RIPToDecode + PCOffset;
+      auto OpAddress = BlockIt->Entry + PCOffset;
       auto OpMaxAddress = OpAddress + MAX_INST_SIZE;
 
       auto OpMinPage = OpAddress & FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_MASK;
@@ -1494,6 +1605,7 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
         BlockInfo.CodePages.insert(CurrentCodePage);
       }
 
+      LastFieldReadSize = 0;
       BlockIt->BlockStatus = DecodeInstruction(OpAddress);
       if (HitBadRelocation) {
         BlockInfo.TotalInstructionCount = 0;
@@ -1518,6 +1630,11 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
       ++BlockIt->NumInstructions;
       BlockIt->Size += DecodeInst->InstSize;
 
+      // if we weren't provided relocations (guest JIT), try to detect what we can
+      if (WantsDataMasks && BlockIt->BlockStatus == DecodedBlockStatus::SUCCESS && BlockInfo.Is64BitMode && !Relocations) {
+        DetectDataMasks(OpAddress, *BlockIt);
+      }
+
       // Can not continue this block at all on invalid instruction
       if (BlockIt->BlockStatus != DecodedBlockStatus::SUCCESS) [[unlikely]] {
         if (!EntryBlock && BlockIt->BlockStatus != DecodedBlockStatus::BAD_RELOCATION) {
@@ -1527,6 +1644,9 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
           TotalInstructions -= BlockIt->NumInstructions;
           DecodedSize = BlockStartOffset;
           InstStream -= PCOffset;
+          if (DecodedMaxAddress == OpEndAddress) {
+            DecodedMaxAddress -= PCOffset;
+          }
           EraseBlock = true;
         } else {
           LogMan::Msg::EFmt("{} instruction in entry block: {:X}",
@@ -1540,6 +1660,15 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
         break;
       }
 
+      if (GuestSizePause) {
+        if (GuestSizePause > DecodeInst->InstSize) {
+          GuestSizePause -= DecodeInst->InstSize;
+        } else {
+          GuestSizePause = 0;
+          Pausing = true;
+        }
+      }
+
       // Check if we need to end the entire multiblock
       FinalInstruction = DecodedSize >= MaxInst || DecodedSize >= DefaultDecodedBufferSize || TotalInstructions >= MaxInst;
       if (FinalInstruction) {
@@ -1552,7 +1681,9 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
           // If the branch target is within our multiblock range then we can keep going on
           // We don't want to short circuit this since we want to calculate our ranges still
           // NOTE: This will invalidate BlockIt, this is fine as we immediately break from the loop and EraseBlock cannot be true
-          BlockIt->ForceFullSMCDetection = CTX->AreMonoHacksActive() && IsBranchMonoTailcall(BlockIt->NumInstructions);
+          if (CTX->AreMonoHacksActive() && IsBranchMonoTailcall(BlockIt->NumInstructions)) {
+            BlockIt->ForceFullSMCDetection = true;
+          }
           BranchTargetInMultiblockRange();
         }
 
@@ -1561,6 +1692,17 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
 
       PCOffset += DecodeInst->InstSize;
       InstStream += DecodeInst->InstSize;
+
+      if (Pausing) {
+        Pausing = false;
+        Paused = true;
+        BlockResume = BlockIt - BlockInfo.Blocks.begin();
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (Paused) {
+      break;
     }
 
     // NOTE: BlockIt is only valid here in the EraseBlock case
@@ -1572,6 +1714,16 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
 
     CurrentBlockTargets.clear();
     EntryBlock = false;
+
+    if (Pausing && !BlocksToDecode.empty() && !FinalInstruction) {
+      Paused = true;
+      BlockResume = -1;
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (Paused) {
+    return;
   }
 
   BlockInfo.TotalInstructionCount = TotalInstructions;
@@ -1579,6 +1731,65 @@ void Decoder::DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thre
   for (auto& Block : BlockInfo.Blocks) {
     Block.IsEntryPoint = BlockInfo.EntryPoints.contains(Block.Entry);
   }
+
+  // now that multiblock has settled down, remove any branch masks we put down that didn't end the block
+  if (WantsDataMasks) {
+    PruneInlinedBranchDataMasks();
+  }
+}
+
+void Decoder::SetupDecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t PC, uint64_t MaxInst) {
+  FEXCORE_PROFILE_SCOPED("DecodeInstructions");
+  BlockInfo.TotalInstructionCount = 0;
+  BlockInfo.Blocks.clear();
+  VisitedBlocks.clear();
+  // Reset internal state management
+  Paused = false;
+  BlockResume = -1;
+  DecodedSize = 0;
+  if (MaxInst == 0) {
+    MaxInst = CTX->Config.MaxInstPerBlock;
+  }
+  this->MaxInst = MaxInst;
+  MaxCondBranchForward = 0;
+  MaxCondBranchBackwards = ~0ULL;
+  DecodedBuffer = PoolObject.ReownOrClaimBuffer();
+
+  // Decode operating mode from thread's CS segment.
+  const auto CSSegment = Core::CPUState::GetSegmentFromIndex(Thread->CurrentFrame->State, Thread->CurrentFrame->State.cs_idx);
+  BlockInfo.Is64BitMode = CSSegment->L == 1;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(BlockInfo.Is64BitMode == CTX->Config.Is64BitMode, "Expected operating mode to not change at runtime!");
+
+  EntryPoint = PC;
+  BlockInfo.EntryPoints = {PC};
+
+  TotalInstructions = 0;
+
+  SectionMinAddress = 0;
+  SectionMaxAddress = ~0ULL;
+  Relocations = nullptr;
+
+  if (CTX->GetCodeCache().IsGeneratingCache || EnableCodeCacheValidation) {
+    // If generating cache, attempt to load section bounds and relocations
+    if (auto SectionInfo = CTX->SyscallHandler->LookupExecutableFileSection(Thread, EntryPoint)) {
+      SectionMinAddress = SectionInfo->FileStartVA;
+      SectionMaxAddress = SectionInfo->EndVA;
+      Relocations = &SectionInfo->FileInfo.Relocations;
+    }
+  }
+
+  DecodedMinAddress = EntryPoint;
+  DecodedMaxAddress = EntryPoint;
+
+  // Entry is a jump target
+  BlocksToDecode = {PC};
+
+  CurrentCodePage = PC & FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_MASK;
+
+  BlockInfo.CodePages = {CurrentCodePage};
+
+  EntryBlock = true;
+  FinalInstruction = false;
 }
 
 } // namespace FEXCore::Frontend

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Frontend.h

@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@
 namespace FEXCore::Context {
 class ContextImpl;
 }
-namespace FEXCore::HLE {
-enum class SyscallOSABI;
-}
 
 namespace FEXCore::Frontend {
 class Decoder final {
@@ -35,6 +32,14 @@ public:
     UNIMPLEMENTED_INST,
   };
 
+  enum class DataMaskType : uint8_t { NONE, MOV, BRANCH, DISP, NOP };
+
+  struct DataMask final {
+    uint64_t FieldAddress;
+    DataMaskType Type;
+    uint8_t ValueSize;
+  };
+
   // New Frontend decoding
   struct DecodedBlocks final {
     uint64_t Entry {};
@@ -44,6 +49,7 @@ public:
     DecodedBlockStatus BlockStatus;
     bool IsEntryPoint {};
     bool ForceFullSMCDetection {};
+    fextl::vector<DataMask> DataMasks;
   };
 
   struct DecodedBlockInformation final {
@@ -57,7 +63,8 @@ public:
   Decoder(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread);
   bool CheckIfCacheable(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState&, const uint8_t* InstStream, uint64_t PC, uint64_t MaxInst);
 
-  void DecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, const uint8_t* InstStream, uint64_t PC, uint64_t MaxInst);
+  void SetupDecodeInstructionsAtEntry(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t PC, uint64_t MaxInst);
+  void DecodeLoop(const uint8_t* InstStream, uint64_t GuestPause = 0);
 
   const DecodedBlockInformation* GetDecodedBlockInfo() const {
     return &BlockInfo;
@@ -74,6 +81,10 @@ public:
     PoolObject.DelayedDisownBuffer();
   }
 
+  void ValidateDisownedOrFree() const {
+    PoolObject.ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+  }
+
   void ResetExecutableRangeCache() {
     ExecutableRangeBase = ExecutableRangeEnd = 0;
   }
@@ -89,7 +100,6 @@ private:
 
   FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread;
   FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* CTX;
-  const FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI OSABI {};
 
   FEX_CONFIG_OPT(EnableCodeCacheValidation, ENABLECODECACHEVALIDATION);
 
@@ -102,6 +112,9 @@ private:
 
   void AddBranchTarget(uint64_t Target);
 
+  void DetectDataMasks(uint64_t OpAddress, DecodedBlocks& Block);
+  void PruneInlinedBranchDataMasks();
+
   bool CheckRangeExecutable(uint64_t Address, uint64_t Size);
 
   uint8_t ReadByte();
@@ -121,6 +134,19 @@ private:
   FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedInst* DecodedBuffer {};
   Utils::PoolBufferWithTimedRetirement<FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedInst*, 5000, 500> PoolObject;
   size_t DecodedSize {};
+  uint64_t TotalInstructions {};
+  uint64_t CurrentCodePage {};
+  bool EntryBlock {};
+  bool FinalInstruction {};
+  uint64_t MaxInst {};
+  bool Paused {};
+  int64_t BlockResume = -1;
+  uint64_t PCOffset {};
+  uint64_t BlockStartOffset {};
+  bool EraseBlock {};
+
+  uint8_t LastFieldReadOffset;
+  uint8_t LastFieldReadSize;
 
   uint64_t ExecutableRangeBase {};
   uint64_t ExecutableRangeEnd {};
@@ -155,6 +181,7 @@ private:
 
   static constexpr size_t MAX_INST_SIZE = 15;
   uint8_t InstructionSize {};
+  // Contains the full decoded instruction, unless it is a `Thunk` instruction.
   std::array<uint8_t, MAX_INST_SIZE> Instruction;
   uint8_t LastEscapePrefix {};
   FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedInst* DecodeInst;

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Interpreter/Fallbacks/InterpreterFallbacks.cpp

@@ -10,11 +10,6 @@
 
 namespace FEXCore::CPU {
 
-template<typename R, typename... Args>
-static FallbackInfo GetFallbackInfo(R (*fn)(Args...), FEXCore::Core::FallbackHandlerIndex HandlerIndex) {
-  return {FABI_UNKNOWN, HandlerIndex};
-}
-
 void InterpreterOps::FillFallbackIndexPointers(Core::FallbackABIInfo* Info, uint64_t* ABIHandlers) {
   Info[Core::OPINDEX_F80CVTTO_4] = {ABIHandlers[FABI_F80_I16_F32_PTR],
                                     reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&FEXCore::CPU::OpHandlers<IR::OP_F80CVTTO>::handle4)};
@@ -105,6 +100,7 @@ void InterpreterOps::FillFallbackIndexPointers(Core::FallbackABIInfo* Info, uint
                                   reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&FEXCore::CPU::OpHandlers<IR::OP_F64SCALE>::handle)};
 
   // SSE4.2 string instructions
+  // NOTE: Currently unused. See VectorFallbacks.h.
   Info[Core::OPINDEX_VPCMPESTRX] = {ABIHandlers[FABI_I32_I64_I64_V128_V128_I16],
                                     reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(&FEXCore::CPU::OpHandlers<IR::OP_VPCMPESTRX>::handle)};
   Info[Core::OPINDEX_VPCMPISTRX] = {ABIHandlers[FABI_I32_V128_V128_I16],
@@ -216,12 +212,6 @@ bool InterpreterOps::GetFallbackHandler(const IR::IROp_Header* IROp, FallbackInf
     return true;                                               \
   }
 
-#define COMMON_F64_OP(OP)                                                                              \
-  case IR::OP_F64##OP: {                                                                               \
-    *Info = GetFallbackInfo(&FEXCore::CPU::OpHandlers<IR::OP_F64##OP>::handle, Core::OPINDEX_F64##OP); \
-    return true;                                                                                       \
-  }
-
 #define COMMON_UNARY_F64_OP(OP)                        \
   case IR::OP_F64##OP: {                               \
     *Info = {FABI_F64_F64_PTR, Core::OPINDEX_F64##OP}; \

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Interpreter/Fallbacks/StringCompareFallbacks.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 
 #include <cstring>
 
+// NOTE: Currently unused. See VectorFallbacks.h.
 namespace FEXCore::CPU {
 #ifdef ARCHITECTURE_arm64
 FEXCORE_PRESERVE_ALL_ATTR static int32_t GetImplicitLength(FEXCore::VectorRegType data, uint16_t control) {

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/Interpreter/Fallbacks/VectorFallbacks.h

@@ -13,29 +13,33 @@
 
 namespace FEXCore::CPU {
 
+// PCMPXSTRX control byte fields
+enum class AggregationOp {
+  EqualAny = 0b00,
+  Ranges = 0b01,
+  EqualEach = 0b10,
+  EqualOrdered = 0b11,
+};
+
+enum class SourceData {
+  U8,
+  U16,
+  S8,
+  S16,
+};
+
+enum class Polarity {
+  Positive,
+  Negative,
+  PositiveMasked,
+  NegativeMasked,
+};
+
+// NB: The fallback handlers for the *PMCP*STR* instructions
+// are no longer used since we now emit inline ASM for them.
+// We preserve this as a reference implementation.
 template<>
 struct OpHandlers<IR::OP_VPCMPESTRX> {
-  enum class AggregationOp {
-    EqualAny = 0b00,
-    Ranges = 0b01,
-    EqualEach = 0b10,
-    EqualOrdered = 0b11,
-  };
-
-  enum class SourceData {
-    U8,
-    U16,
-    S8,
-    S16,
-  };
-
-  enum class Polarity {
-    Positive,
-    Negative,
-    PositiveMasked,
-    NegativeMasked,
-  };
-
   FEXCORE_PRESERVE_ALL_ATTR static uint32_t handle(uint64_t RAX, uint64_t RDX, VectorRegType lhs_v, VectorRegType rhs_v, uint16_t control) {
     __uint128_t lhs;
     memcpy(&lhs, &lhs_v, sizeof(lhs));

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/ALUOps.cpp

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ $end_info$
 #include "FEXCore/IR/IR.h"
 #include "Interface/Context/Context.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/JIT/JITClass.h"
+#include "Interface/Core/JIT/Relocations.h"
 #include "Interface/IR/Passes/RegisterAllocationPass.h"
 
 namespace FEXCore::CPU {
@@ -64,6 +65,21 @@ DEF_OP(EntrypointOffset) {
   InsertGuestRIPMove(GetReg(Node), Constant & Mask);
 }
 
+DEF_OP(PatchableGuestData) {
+  auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_PatchableGuestData>();
+  InsertGuestPatchableMove(RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_DATA_MOVE, GetReg(Node), Op->Value, Op->SiteAddress, (uint8_t)Op->SiteSize);
+}
+
+DEF_OP(PatchableGuestRIP) {
+  auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_PatchableGuestRIP>();
+  InsertGuestPatchableMove(RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_MOVE, GetReg(Node), Op->Value, Op->SiteAddress, (uint8_t)Op->SiteSize);
+}
+
+DEF_OP(PatchableGuestCRC) {
+  auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_PatchableGuestRIP>();
+  InsertGuestPatchableMove(RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_CRC_MOVE, GetReg(Node), Op->Value, Op->SiteAddress, (uint8_t)Op->SiteSize);
+}
+
 DEF_OP(InlineConstant) {
   // nop
 }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/Arm64Relocations.cpp

@@ -58,7 +58,8 @@ Arm64JITCore::NamedSymbolLiteralPair Arm64JITCore::InsertNamedSymbolLiteral(FEXC
 void Arm64JITCore::PlaceNamedSymbolLiteral(NamedSymbolLiteralPair Lit) {
   switch (Lit.MoveABI.Header.Type) {
   case RelocationTypes::RELOC_NAMED_SYMBOL_LITERAL:
-  case RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_RIP_LITERAL: {
+  case RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_RIP_LITERAL:
+  case RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_LITERAL: {
     Lit.MoveABI.Header.Offset = GetCursorOffset();
     break;
   }
@@ -102,6 +103,37 @@ void Arm64JITCore::InsertGuestRIPMove(ARMEmitter::Register Reg, uint64_t Constan
   Relocations.emplace_back(MoveABI);
 }
 
+auto Arm64JITCore::InsertGuestPatchableRIPLiteral(uint64_t GuestRIP, uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize) -> NamedSymbolLiteralPair {
+  return {
+    .Lit = GuestRIP,
+    .MoveABI =
+      {
+        .GuestPatchableData = {.Header =
+                                 {
+                                   .Offset = 0, // Set by PlaceNamedSymbolLiteral
+                                   .Type = FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_LITERAL,
+                                 },
+                               .RegisterIndex = 0, // unused
+                               .ValueSize = ValueSize,
+                               // NOTE: Cache serialization will subtract the unit entry address later
+                               .SiteAddress = SiteAddress},
+      },
+  };
+}
+
+void Arm64JITCore::InsertGuestPatchableMove(FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes Type, ARMEmitter::Register Reg, uint64_t Value,
+                                            uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize) {
+  Relocation MoveABI = Relocation::Default();
+  MoveABI.GuestPatchableData.Header = {.Offset = GetCursorOffset(), .Type = Type};
+  MoveABI.GuestPatchableData.RegisterIndex = Reg.Idx();
+  MoveABI.GuestPatchableData.ValueSize = ValueSize;
+  MoveABI.GuestPatchableData.SiteAddress = SiteAddress;
+
+  // this might get patched on disk cache load
+  LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, Reg, Value, FEXCore::CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::DOPAD);
+  Relocations.emplace_back(MoveABI);
+}
+
 fextl::vector<FEXCore::CPU::Relocation> Arm64JITCore::TakeRelocations(uint64_t GuestBaseAddress) {
   // Rebase relocations to library base address
   for (auto& Relocation : Relocations) {

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/BranchOps.cpp

@@ -83,7 +83,12 @@ DEF_OP(ExitFunction) {
     if (NewRIP < EC_CODE_BITMAP_MAX_ADDRESS && RtlIsEcCode(NewRIP)) {
       str(REG_CALLRET_SP, STATE_PTR(CpuStateFrame, State.callret_sp));
       add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, StaticRegisters[X86State::REG_RSP], 0);
-      InsertGuestRIPMove(EC_CALL_CHECKER_PC_REG, NewRIP);
+      if (Op->PatchSiteAddress) {
+        InsertGuestPatchableMove(RelocationTypes::RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_MOVE, EC_CALL_CHECKER_PC_REG, NewRIP, Op->PatchSiteAddress,
+                                 Op->PatchSiteSize);
+      } else {
+        InsertGuestRIPMove(EC_CALL_CHECKER_PC_REG, NewRIP);
+      }
       ldr(TMP2, STATE_PTR(CpuStateFrame, Pointers.ExitFunctionEC));
       br(TMP2);
     } else {
@@ -173,6 +178,7 @@ DEF_OP(ExitFunction) {
         ARMEmitter::ForwardLabel TFUnset;
         ldrb(TMP1, STATE_PTR(CpuStateFrame, State.flags[X86State::RFLAG_TF_RAW_LOC]));
         (void)cbz(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, TMP1, &TFUnset);
+        // todo do we need to account for cache patching here?
         InsertGuestRIPMove(TMP1, NewRIP);
         str(TMP1, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, State.rip));
         ldr(TMP2, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.DispatcherLoopTop));
@@ -180,7 +186,7 @@ DEF_OP(ExitFunction) {
         (void)Bind(&TFUnset);
       }
 
-      EmitLinkedBranch(NewRIP, Op->Hint == IR::BranchHint::Call);
+      EmitLinkedBranch(NewRIP, Op->Hint == IR::BranchHint::Call, Op->PatchSiteAddress, Op->PatchSiteSize);
       (void)Bind(&l_CallReturn);
 #ifdef ARCHITECTURE_arm64ec
     }
@@ -277,74 +283,11 @@ DEF_OP(CondJump) {
 }
 
 DEF_OP(Syscall) {
-  auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_Syscall>();
-  // Arguments are passed as follows:
-  // X0: SyscallHandler
-  // X1: ThreadState
-  // X2: Pointer to SyscallArguments
+  SpillStaticRegs(TMP1);
 
-  PushDynamicRegs(TMP1);
-
-  uint32_t GPRSpillMask = ~0U;
-  uint32_t FPRSpillMask = ~0U;
-
-  SpillStaticRegs(TMP1, {
-                          .GPRSpillMask = GPRSpillMask,
-                          .FPRSpillMask = FPRSpillMask,
-                        });
-
-  // Now that we are spilled, store in the state that we are in a syscall
-  // Still without overwriting registers that matter
-  // 16bit LoadConstant to be a single instruction
-  // This gives the signal handler a value to check to see if we are in a syscall at all
-  LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r0, GPRSpillMask & 0xFFFF);
-  str(ARMEmitter::XReg::x0, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, InSyscallInfo));
-
-  uint64_t SPOffset = AlignUp(FEXCore::HLE::SyscallArguments::MAX_ARGS * 8, 16);
-  sub(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, SPOffset);
-  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < FEXCore::HLE::SyscallArguments::MAX_ARGS; ++i) {
-    if (Op->Header.Args[i].IsInvalid()) {
-      continue;
-    }
-    str(GetReg(Op->Header.Args[i]).X(), ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, i * 8);
-  }
-
-  ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x0, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.SyscallHandlerObj));
-  ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x3, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.SyscallHandlerFunc));
-  mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r1, STATE.R());
-
-  // SP supporting move
-  add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r2, ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, 0);
-  if (!CTX->Config.DisableVixlIndirectCalls) [[unlikely]] {
-    GenerateIndirectRuntimeCall<uint64_t, void*, void*, void*>(ARMEmitter::Reg::r3);
-  } else {
-    blr(ARMEmitter::Reg::r3);
-  }
-
-  add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, ARMEmitter::Reg::rsp, SPOffset);
-
-  // Result is now in x0
-  // Fix the stack and any values that were stepped on
-  FillStaticRegs({
-    .OptionalReg = ARMEmitter::Reg::r1,
-    .OptionalReg2 = ARMEmitter::Reg::r2,
-    .GPRFillMask = GPRSpillMask,
-    .FPRFillMask = FPRSpillMask,
-  });
-
-  // Now the registers we've spilled are back in their original host registers
-  // We can safely claim we are no longer in a syscall
-  str(ARMEmitter::XReg::zr, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, InSyscallInfo));
-
-  PopDynamicRegs();
-
-  const auto OSABI = CTX->SyscallHandler->GetOSABI();
-
-  if (OSABI != FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_GENERIC) {
-    // Move result to its destination register.
-    // Only if `NORETURNEDRESULT` wasn't set, otherwise we might overwrite the CPUState refilled with `FillStaticRegs`
-    mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, GetReg(Node), ARMEmitter::Reg::r0);
-  }
+  // Jump to the syscall dispatch handler. We won't return after this.
+  ldr(TMP1, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.ThreadDispatchSyscallHandler));
+  br(TMP1);
 }
 
 DEF_OP(Thunk) {
@@ -379,74 +322,74 @@ DEF_OP(Thunk) {
 
 DEF_OP(ValidateCode) {
   auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_ValidateCode>();
-  auto OldCode = Op->CodeOriginal.data();
-  auto Base = GetReg(Op->Header.Args[0]).X();
+  auto Base = GetReg(Op->Address).X();
   int len = Op->CodeLength;
-  int Offset = 0;
-  ARMEmitter::ForwardLabel Fail;
 
   const auto Dst = GetReg(Node);
+  const auto CRC32Reg = GetReg(Op->crc);
 
-  auto EmitCheck = [&](size_t Size, auto&& LoadData) {
-    while (len >= Size) {
-      LoadData();
-      sub(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, TMP1, TMP2);
-      cbnz_OrRestart(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, &Fail);
-      len -= Size;
-      Offset += Size;
-    }
-  };
+  // Changes to TMP1
+  auto WorkingReg = ARMEmitter::XReg::zr;
+  auto BaseReg = TMP2;
+  auto TmpDataReg = TMP3;
+  mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, BaseReg, Base);
 
-  EmitCheck(8, [&]() {
-    ldr(TMP1, Base, Offset);
-    LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP2, *(const uint64_t*)(OldCode + Offset));
-  });
+  while (len >= 8) {
+    ldr<ARMEmitter::IndexType::POST>(TmpDataReg, BaseReg, 8);
+    crc32x(TMP1, WorkingReg, TmpDataReg);
+    len -= 8;
+    WorkingReg = TMP1;
+  }
 
-  EmitCheck(4, [&]() {
-    ldr(TMP1.W(), Base, Offset);
-    LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, TMP2, *(const uint32_t*)(OldCode + Offset));
-  });
+  while (len >= 4) {
+    ldr<ARMEmitter::IndexType::POST>(TmpDataReg.W(), BaseReg, 4);
+    crc32w(TMP1.W(), WorkingReg.W(), TmpDataReg.W());
+    len -= 4;
+    WorkingReg = TMP1;
+  }
 
-  EmitCheck(2, [&]() {
-    ldrh(TMP1.W(), Base, Offset);
-    LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, TMP2, *(const uint16_t*)(OldCode + Offset));
-  });
+  while (len >= 2) {
+    ldrh<ARMEmitter::IndexType::POST>(TmpDataReg.W(), BaseReg, 2);
+    crc32h(TMP1.W(), WorkingReg.W(), TmpDataReg.W());
+    len -= 2;
+    WorkingReg = TMP1;
+  }
 
-  EmitCheck(1, [&]() {
-    ldrb(TMP1.W(), Base, Offset);
-    LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, TMP2, *(const uint8_t*)(OldCode + Offset));
-  });
+  while (len >= 1) {
+    ldrb<ARMEmitter::IndexType::POST>(TmpDataReg.W(), BaseReg, 1);
+    crc32b(TMP1.W(), WorkingReg.W(), TmpDataReg.W());
+    len -= 1;
+    WorkingReg = TMP1;
+  }
+
+  sub(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, Dst, TMP1, CRC32Reg);
 
   ARMEmitter::ForwardLabel End;
-  LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, Dst, 0);
-  b_OrRestart(&End);
-  BindOrRestart(&Fail);
+  cbz_OrRestart(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, Dst, &End);
+
   LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i32Bit, Dst, 1);
   BindOrRestart(&End);
 }
 
 DEF_OP(ThreadRemoveCodeEntry) {
-  PushDynamicRegs(TMP4);
-  SpillStaticRegs(TMP4);
+  auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_ThreadRemoveCodeEntry>();
+
+  SpillStaticRegs(TMP1);
+
+  // Store the new RIP to go to.
+  str(GetReg(Op->NewRIP).X(), STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, State.rip));
+
+  // Move the entry to ABI before saving state.
+  mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r1, GetReg(Op->EntryToInvalidate));
 
   // Arguments are passed as follows:
   // X0: Thread
-  // X1: RIP
+  // X1: RIPToInvalidate
   mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r0, STATE.R());
 
-  // TODO: Relocations don't seem to be wired up to this...?
-  LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r1, Entry, CPU::Arm64Emitter::PadType::AUTOPAD);
-
-  ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x2, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.ThreadRemoveCodeEntryFromJIT));
-  if (!CTX->Config.DisableVixlIndirectCalls) [[unlikely]] {
-    GenerateIndirectRuntimeCall<void, void*, void*>(ARMEmitter::Reg::r2);
-  } else {
-    blr(ARMEmitter::Reg::r2);
-  }
-  FillStaticRegs();
-
-  // Fix the stack and any values that were stepped on
-  PopDynamicRegs();
+  // Jump to the invalidate dispatch handler. We won't return after this.
+  ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x2, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.ThreadDispatchRemoveCodeEntry));
+  br(ARMEmitter::XReg::x2);
 }
 
 DEF_OP(CPUID) {

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/ConversionOps.cpp

@@ -557,26 +557,30 @@ DEF_OP(Vector_F64ToI32) {
       }
     }
   } else {
-    // This has a known precision issue that isn't easily resolvable without throwing away performance.
-    // Doing the conversion in multi-stage steps has an issue that you can lose precision in the f32->i32 step if your source was f64.
-    // To get around this with ASIMD FEX needs to use fcvtzs (Scalar, Integer, to GPR) for each F64 to be directly converted to i32.
-    // This is a very costly transform that the SVE path doesn't need to do since it supports f64->i32 directly.
-    // If this precision issue is necessary then we can add an option for it in the future.
-
     ///< Round float to integral depending on rounding mode.
+    ///< skip TowardsZero as fcvtzs below already truncates toward zero on its own
+    auto CVTReg = Dst.Q();
     switch (Round) {
     case IR::RoundMode::Nearest: frintn(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q()); break;
     case IR::RoundMode::NegInfinity: frintm(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q()); break;
     case IR::RoundMode::PosInfinity: frintp(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q()); break;
-    case IR::RoundMode::TowardsZero: frintz(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q()); break;
+    case IR::RoundMode::TowardsZero: CVTReg = Vector.Q(); break;
     case IR::RoundMode::Host: frinti(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q()); break;
     }
 
-    // Now narrow from f64 to f32.
-    fcvtn(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i32Bit, Dst.Q(), Dst.Q());
+    ///< Convert f64 directly to i64
+    fcvtzs(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Q(), CVTReg);
 
-    ///< Convert the two F32 integrals to real integers.
-    fcvtzs(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i32Bit, Dst.D(), Dst.D());
+    ///< Saturating narrow i64 -> i32
+    ///
+    ///< The caller(Vector_CVT_Float_To_Int32Impl) only fixes up positive overflow:
+    ///< it tests MaxF > Src (MaxF = 2^31) and swaps in CVTMAX_I32 (0x80000000) where
+    ///< the test fails.
+    ///
+    ///< Sources below INT32_MIN are handled by sqxtn:
+    ///< ARM saturates to INT32_MIN, which is 0x80000000 the same value as
+    ///< x86's integer-indefinite value.
+    sqxtn(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i32Bit, Dst.D(), Dst.D());
   }
 }
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/JIT.cpp

@@ -36,7 +36,14 @@ $end_info$
 
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstring>
+#include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <atomic>
+#else
+#include <FEXHeaderUtils/Syscalls.h>
+#endif
 
 namespace {
 struct DivRem {
@@ -63,8 +70,36 @@ LDIV(uint64_t SrcHigh, uint64_t SrcLow, int64_t Divisor) {
   };
 }
 
-static void
-PrintValue(uint64_t Value) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+
+static std::optional<uint64_t>
+RDRANDFallback(uint64_t Reseed) {
+  uint64_t Value {};
+  FHU::Syscalls::getrandom(&Value, sizeof(Value), 0);
+  return Value;
+}
+
+#else
+
+// Windows does not have an equivalent to getrandom() without dynamically linking
+// bcrypt et al. Since this fallback is just for compat it does not need to be
+// cryptographic, so instead we vendor SplitMix64 as a naive fallback.
+
+// Reference implementation by Sebastiano Vigna, public domain (CC0)
+// https://prng.di.unimi.it/splitmix64.c
+static std::atomic<uint64_t>
+  RNGState {static_cast<uint64_t>(__builtin_readcyclecounter())};
+
+static std::optional<uint64_t> RDRANDFallback(uint64_t Reseed) {
+  const uint64_t State = RNGState.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) + 0x9E3779B97F4A7C15ULL;
+  RNGState.store(State, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  uint64_t Value = (State ^ (State >> 30)) * 0xBF58476D1CE4E5B9ULL;
+  Value = (Value ^ (Value >> 27)) * 0x94D049BB133111EBULL;
+  return Value ^ (Value >> 31);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void PrintValue(uint64_t Value) {
   LogMan::Msg::DFmt("Value: 0x{:x}", Value);
 }
 
@@ -616,11 +651,11 @@ void Arm64JITCore::Op_NoOp(const IR::IROp_Header* IROp, IR::Ref Node) {}
 Arm64JITCore::Arm64JITCore(FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* ctx, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread)
   : CPUBackend(*ctx, Thread)
   , Arm64Emitter(ctx)
-  , HostSupportsSVE128 {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsSVE128}
-  , HostSupportsSVE256 {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsSVE256}
+  , HostSupportsSVE128 {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsSVE128 != 0}
+  , HostSupportsSVE256 {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsSVE256 != 0}
   , HostSupportsAVX256 {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsAVX && ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsSVE256}
-  , HostSupportsRPRES {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsRPRES}
-  , HostSupportsAFP {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsAFP}
+  , HostSupportsRPRES {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsRPRES != 0}
+  , HostSupportsAFP {ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsAFP != 0}
   , CTX {ctx}
   , TempCodeBufferAllocator(ctx->CPUBackendAllocator, 0) {
 
@@ -664,6 +699,7 @@ Arm64JITCore::Arm64JITCore(FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* ctx, FEXCore::Core::In
     Ptrs.ExitFunctionLink = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(&Arm64JITCore::ExitFunctionLink);
     Ptrs.LUDIV = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(LUDIV);
     Ptrs.LDIV = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(LDIV);
+    Ptrs.RDRANDFallback = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(RDRANDFallback);
   }
 
   CurrentCodeBuffer = SharedCodeBuffers.GetLatest();
@@ -675,10 +711,8 @@ void Arm64JITCore::ClearCache() {
   auto PrevCodeBuffer = CurrentCodeBuffer;
   auto lk = PrevCodeBuffer->LookupCache->AcquireWriteLock();
 
-  auto CodeBuffer = GetEmptySharedCodeBuffer();
-  SetBuffer(CodeBuffer->Ptr, CodeBuffer->AllocatedSize);
-
-  ThreadState->LookupCache->ChangeGuestToHostMapping(*PrevCodeBuffer, *CurrentCodeBuffer->LookupCache, lk);
+  auto CodeBuffer = AcquireNewSharedCodeBuffer();
+  ThreadState->LookupCache->ChangeGuestToHostMapping(*PrevCodeBuffer, *CodeBuffer->LookupCache, lk);
 }
 
 Arm64JITCore::~Arm64JITCore() {}
@@ -768,7 +802,7 @@ void Arm64JITCore::EmitTFCheck() {
 void Arm64JITCore::EmitSuspendInterruptCheck() {
   if (CTX->Config.NeedsPendingInterruptFaultCheck) {
     // Trigger a fault if there are any pending interrupts
-    // Used only for suspend on WIN32 at the moment
+    // Used only for gdbserver at the moment
     constexpr size_t InterruptPageOffset =
       offsetof(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState, InterruptFaultPage) - offsetof(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState, BaseFrameState);
     if constexpr (InterruptPageOffset <= 32760) {
@@ -780,7 +814,7 @@ void Arm64JITCore::EmitSuspendInterruptCheck() {
     }
   }
 
-#ifdef ARCHITECTURE_arm64ec
+#ifdef _WIN32
   static constexpr uint16_t SuspendMagic {0xCAFE};
 
   ldr(TMP2.W(), STATE_PTR(CpuStateFrame, SuspendDoorbell));
@@ -815,6 +849,33 @@ void Arm64JITCore::EmitEntryPoint(ARMEmitter::BackwardLabel& HeaderLabel, bool C
   EmitSuspendInterruptCheck();
 }
 
+
+CodeBuffer::CodeBufferAllocation Arm64JITCore::AllocateCodeBufferInSharedCache(size_t Size) {
+  CodeBuffer::CodeBufferAllocation AllocatedInfo {};
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(CurrentCodeBuffer->LookupCache.get() == ThreadState->LookupCache->Shared, "INVARIANT VIOLATED: SharedLookupCache "
+                                                                                               "doesn't match up!\n");
+  // Bring CodeBuffer up to date
+  if (auto Prev = CheckCodeBufferUpdate()) {
+    Allocator::VirtualDontNeed(ThreadState->CallRetStackBase, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState::CALLRET_STACK_SIZE);
+    auto lk = ThreadState->LookupCache->AcquireWriteLock();
+    ThreadState->LookupCache->ChangeGuestToHostMapping(*Prev, *CurrentCodeBuffer->LookupCache, lk);
+  }
+
+  // Attempt to allocate a buffer from the SharedCodeBuffers.
+  while (AllocatedInfo.BufferAllocationOffset == nullptr) {
+    AllocatedInfo = CurrentCodeBuffer->AtomicAllocateBuffer(Size);
+
+    if (AllocatedInfo.BufferAllocationOffset == nullptr) {
+      // If it didn't fit then clear the buffer and try again.
+      // This has the possibility of migrating the SharedCodeBuffer. See above in `Arm64JITCore::ClearCache()`
+      CTX->ClearCodeCache(ThreadState);
+      continue;
+    }
+  }
+
+  return AllocatedInfo;
+}
+
 CPUBackend::CompiledCode Arm64JITCore::CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size, bool SingleInst, const FEXCore::IR::IRListView* IR,
                                                    FEXCore::Core::DebugData* DebugData, bool CheckTF) {
   FEXCORE_PROFILE_SCOPED("Arm64::CompileCode");
@@ -867,6 +928,7 @@ CPUBackend::CompiledCode Arm64JITCore::CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size
   ThreadState->JITGuardOverflowArgument = FEXCore::ToUnderlying(RestartOptions::Control::NeedsLargerJITSpace);
 
   CodeData.BlockBegin = GetCursorAddress<uint8_t*>();
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(GetCursorOffset() == 0, "Needs to be zero");
 
   // Put the code header at the start of the data block.
   ARMEmitter::BackwardLabel JITCodeHeaderLabel {};
@@ -993,9 +1055,15 @@ CPUBackend::CompiledCode Arm64JITCore::CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size
 
     // This is a ExitFunctionLinkData struct
     BindOrRestart(&l_ExitLink);
-    dc64(0);                                                                   // HostCode
-    PlaceNamedSymbolLiteral(InsertGuestRIPLiteral(PendingJumpThunk.GuestRIP)); // GuestRIP
-    dc64(PendingJumpThunk.CallerAddress - ThunkAddress);                       // CallerOffset
+    dc64(0); // HostCode
+    if (PendingJumpThunk.PatchSiteAddress) {
+      // GuestRIP with an extra step
+      PlaceNamedSymbolLiteral(
+        InsertGuestPatchableRIPLiteral(PendingJumpThunk.GuestRIP, PendingJumpThunk.PatchSiteAddress, PendingJumpThunk.PatchSiteSize));
+    } else {
+      PlaceNamedSymbolLiteral(InsertGuestRIPLiteral(PendingJumpThunk.GuestRIP)); // GuestRIP
+    }
+    dc64(PendingJumpThunk.CallerAddress - ThunkAddress); // CallerOffset
   }
 
   BindOrRestart(&l_ExitLink);
@@ -1055,66 +1123,44 @@ CPUBackend::CompiledCode Arm64JITCore::CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size
   }
 
   SetCursorOffset(JITRIPEntriesLocation - CodeData.BlockBegin);
-  Align();
+  // Make sure code is 16B aligned on the tail.
+  // Can't use Align16B here as vl64pair can cause non-4byte alignment.
+  Align(16);
 
-  CodeData.Size = GetCursorAddress<uint8_t*>() - CodeData.BlockBegin;
+  // Beginning of emission is guaranteed to be offset zero. So the code data size is just the current cursor offset.
+  CodeData.Size = GetCursorOffset();
 
   // Finalize and write block tail data
   JITBlockTail.Size = CodeData.Size;
   {
-    auto PrevCur = GetCursorOffset();
     memcpy(JITBlockTailLocation, &JITBlockTail, sizeof(JITBlockTail));
     SetCursorOffset(JITBlockTailLocation - CodeData.BlockBegin + offsetof(JITCodeTail, RIP));
     PlaceNamedSymbolLiteral(InsertGuestRIPLiteral(JITBlockTail.RIP));
-    SetCursorOffset(PrevCur);
+
+    // Emitter buffer is no longer used, guard against misuse by setting to nullptr.
+    SetBuffer(nullptr, 0);
   }
 
   // Migrate the compile output from temporary storage to the actual CodeBuffer.
-  // This can block progress in other compiling threads, so the duration of the lock should be as small as possible.
   {
-    auto CodeBufferLock = std::unique_lock {SharedCodeBuffers.CodeBufferWriteMutex};
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(CodeData.Size % 16 == 0, "Needs to be 16B aligned!");
 
-    // Query size of generated code
-    const auto TempSize = GetCursorOffset();
-
-    // Bring CodeBuffer up to date
-    {
-      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(CurrentCodeBuffer->LookupCache.get() == ThreadState->LookupCache->Shared, "INVARIANT VIOLATED: SharedLookupCache "
-                                                                                                   "doesn't match up!\n");
-      if (auto Prev = CheckCodeBufferUpdate()) {
-        Allocator::VirtualDontNeed(ThreadState->CallRetStackBase, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState::CALLRET_STACK_SIZE);
-        auto lk = ThreadState->LookupCache->AcquireWriteLock();
-        ThreadState->LookupCache->ChangeGuestToHostMapping(*Prev, *CurrentCodeBuffer->LookupCache, lk);
-      }
-
-      // NOTE: 16-byte alignment of the new cursor offset must be preserved for block linking records
-      SetBuffer(CurrentCodeBuffer->Ptr, CurrentCodeBuffer->AllocatedSize);
-      SetCursorOffset(SharedCodeBuffers.LatestOffset);
-      Align16B();
-      if ((GetCursorOffset() + TempSize) > CurrentCodeBuffer->UsableSize()) {
-        CTX->ClearCodeCache(ThreadState);
-      }
-
-      SharedCodeBuffers.LatestOffset = GetCursorOffset();
-    }
+    auto AllocatedInfo = AllocateCodeBufferInSharedCache(CodeData.Size);
+    // NOTE: 16-byte alignment of the new cursor offset must be preserved for block linking records
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT((reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(AllocatedInfo.BufferAllocationOffset) % 16) == 0, "Allocated buffer wasn't 16B "
+                                                                                                      "aligned?");
 
     // Adjust host addresses
-    const auto Delta = GetCursorAddress<uint8_t*>() - CodeData.BlockBegin;
+    const auto Delta = AllocatedInfo.BufferAllocationOffset - CodeData.BlockBegin;
     CodeData.BlockBegin += Delta;
     for (auto& EntryPoint : CodeData.EntryPoints) {
       EntryPoint.second += Delta;
     }
     CodeBegin += Delta;
-
-    for (std::size_t Idx = PrevNumAllocations; Idx != Relocations.size(); ++Idx) {
-      Relocations[Idx].Header.Offset += SharedCodeBuffers.LatestOffset;
-    }
+    CodeData.HostCodeOffset = CodeData.BlockBegin - CurrentCodeBuffer->GetBufferBase();
 
     // Copy over CodeBuffer contents
-    memcpy(GetCursorAddress<uint8_t*>(), TempCodeBuffer, TempSize);
-    SetCursorOffset(SharedCodeBuffers.LatestOffset + TempSize);
-
-    SharedCodeBuffers.LatestOffset = GetCursorOffset();
+    memcpy(AllocatedInfo.BufferAllocationOffset, TempCodeBuffer, CodeData.Size);
   }
 
   TempCodeBufferAllocator.DelayedDisownBuffer();
@@ -1153,6 +1199,22 @@ CPUBackend::CompiledCode Arm64JITCore::CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size
   return std::move(CodeData);
 }
 
+CPUBackend::CompiledCode Arm64JITCore::LoadCachedCode(std::span<const uint8_t> HostBytes) {
+  // we stored it aligned, better still be?
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(HostBytes.size() % 16 == 0, "Needs to be 16B aligned!");
+  auto AllocatedInfo = AllocateCodeBufferInSharedCache(HostBytes.size());
+
+  uint8_t* Dest = AllocatedInfo.BufferAllocationOffset;
+  memcpy(Dest, HostBytes.data(), HostBytes.size());
+  ClearICache(Dest, HostBytes.size());
+
+  CPUBackend::CompiledCode Result;
+  Result.BlockBegin = Dest;
+  Result.Size = HostBytes.size();
+  Result.HostCodeOffset = Dest - CurrentCodeBuffer->GetBufferBase();
+  return Result;
+}
+
 void Arm64JITCore::ResetStack() {
   if (SpillSlots == 0) {
     return;

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/JITClass.h

@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ public:
   CPUBackend::CompiledCode CompileCode(uint64_t Entry, uint64_t Size, bool SingleInst, const FEXCore::IR::IRListView* IR,
                                        FEXCore::Core::DebugData* DebugData, bool CheckTF) override;
 
+  [[nodiscard]]
+  CPUBackend::CompiledCode LoadCachedCode(std::span<const uint8_t> HostBytes) override;
+
   void ClearCache() override;
 
   void ClearRelocations() override {
@@ -102,6 +105,8 @@ private:
     uint64_t CallerAddress;
     uint64_t GuestRIP;
     ARMEmitter::ForwardLabel Label;
+    uint64_t PatchSiteAddress = 0;
+    uint8_t PatchSiteSize = 0;
   };
   fextl::vector<PendingJumpThunk> PendingJumpThunks;
 
@@ -342,8 +347,8 @@ private:
     uint32_t End;
   };
 
-  void EmitLinkedBranch(uint64_t GuestRIP, bool Call) {
-    PendingJumpThunks.push_back({GetCursorAddress<uint64_t>(), GuestRIP, {}});
+  void EmitLinkedBranch(uint64_t GuestRIP, bool Call, uint64_t PatchSiteAddress = 0, uint8_t PatchSiteSize = 0) {
+    PendingJumpThunks.push_back({GetCursorAddress<uint64_t>(), GuestRIP, {}, PatchSiteAddress, PatchSiteSize});
     auto& Thunk = PendingJumpThunks.back();
     BindOrRestart(&Thunk.Label);
     if (Call) {
@@ -559,6 +564,9 @@ private:
    */
   void InsertGuestRIPMove(ARMEmitter::Register Reg, uint64_t Constant);
 
+  void InsertGuestPatchableMove(FEXCore::CPU::RelocationTypes Type, ARMEmitter::Register Reg, uint64_t Value, uint64_t SiteAddress,
+                                uint8_t ValueSize);
+
   /**
    * @brief Inserts a named symbol as a literal in memory
    *
@@ -578,6 +586,11 @@ private:
    */
   NamedSymbolLiteralPair InsertGuestRIPLiteral(uint64_t GuestRIP);
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Like InsertGuestRIPLiteral, but with patch information to recompute value from live guest bytes at cache load time
+   */
+  NamedSymbolLiteralPair InsertGuestPatchableRIPLiteral(uint64_t GuestRIP, uint64_t SiteAddress, uint8_t ValueSize);
+
   /**
    * @brief Place the named symbol literal relocation in memory
    *
@@ -624,6 +637,8 @@ private:
 
   void EmitEntryPoint(ARMEmitter::BackwardLabel& HeaderLabel, bool CheckTF);
 
+  [[nodiscard]] CodeBuffer::CodeBufferAllocation AllocateCodeBufferInSharedCache(size_t Size);
+
 #define DEF_OP(x) void Op_##x(IR::IROp_Header const* IROp, IR::Ref Node)
 
   ///< Unhandled handler

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/MemoryOps.cpp

@@ -2401,13 +2401,13 @@ DEF_OP(CacheLineClear) {
   // Clear dcache only
   // icache doesn't matter here since the guest application shouldn't be calling clflush on JIT code.
   // check host cacheline size again x86_64 size to ensure at least 64 bytes are cleaned
-  if (CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheLineSize >= 64U) {
+  if (CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheSize() >= 64U) {
     dc(ARMEmitter::DataCacheOperation::CIVAC, MemReg);
   } else {
     auto CurrentWorkingReg = MemReg.X();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < std::max(1U, 64U / CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheLineSize); ++i) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < std::max(1U, 64U / CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheSize()); ++i) {
       dc(ARMEmitter::DataCacheOperation::CIVAC, CurrentWorkingReg);
-      add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, CurrentWorkingReg, CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheLineSize);
+      add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, CurrentWorkingReg, CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheSize());
       CurrentWorkingReg = TMP1;
     }
   }
@@ -2430,13 +2430,13 @@ DEF_OP(CacheLineClean) {
 
   // Clean dcache only
   // check host cacheline size again x86_64 size to ensure at least 64 bytes are cleaned
-  if (CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheLineSize >= 64U) {
+  if (CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheSize() >= 64U) {
     dc(ARMEmitter::DataCacheOperation::CVAC, MemReg);
   } else {
     auto CurrentWorkingReg = MemReg.X();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < std::max(1U, 64U / CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheLineSize); ++i) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < std::max(1U, 64U / CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheSize()); ++i) {
       dc(ARMEmitter::DataCacheOperation::CVAC, CurrentWorkingReg);
-      add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, CurrentWorkingReg, CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheLineSize);
+      add(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, CurrentWorkingReg, CTX->HostFeatures.DCacheSize());
       CurrentWorkingReg = TMP1;
     }
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/MiscOps.cpp

@@ -309,7 +309,39 @@ DEF_OP(ProcessorID) {
 DEF_OP(RDRAND) {
   auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_RDRAND>();
 
-  mrs(GetReg(Node), Op->GetReseeded ? ARMEmitter::SystemRegister::RNDRRS : ARMEmitter::SystemRegister::RNDR);
+  if (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND) {
+    mrs(GetReg(Node), Op->GetReseeded ? ARMEmitter::SystemRegister::RNDRRS : ARMEmitter::SystemRegister::RNDR);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Software fallback, call the host RNG generator.
+  PushDynamicRegs(TMP4);
+  SpillStaticRegs(TMP4);
+
+  // x0 = Reseed
+  // x1 = Generator
+  LoadConstant(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, ARMEmitter::Reg::r0, Op->GetReseeded ? 1 : 0);
+  ldr(ARMEmitter::XReg::x1, STATE, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame, Pointers.RDRANDFallback));
+
+  if (!CTX->Config.DisableVixlIndirectCalls) [[unlikely]] {
+    GenerateIndirectRuntimeCall<__uint128_t, uint64_t>(ARMEmitter::Reg::r1);
+  } else {
+    blr(ARMEmitter::Reg::r1);
+  }
+
+  if (!TMP_ABIARGS) {
+    mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP1, ARMEmitter::Reg::r0);
+    mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP2, ARMEmitter::Reg::r1);
+  }
+
+  FillStaticRegs();
+  PopDynamicRegs();
+
+  // Results are in x0, x1
+  // std::optional<uint64_t>: value in x0, engaged flag in the low byte of x1. Match the hardware behaviour of setting Z when
+  // no number was produced.
+  mov(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, GetReg(Node), TMP1);
+  tst(ARMEmitter::Size::i64Bit, TMP2, 0xFF);
 }
 
 DEF_OP(Yield) {

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/Relocations.h

@@ -25,6 +25,22 @@ enum class RelocationTypes : uint32_t {
   // 4 instruction constant generation
   // Aligned to struct RelocGuestRIP
   RELOC_GUEST_RIP_MOVE,
+
+  // The frontend flagged those regions as patchable by the disk cache
+  // Aligned to struct RelocGuestPatchableData
+  RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_DATA_MOVE,
+
+  // Same as GuestRipLiteral but patchable
+  // Aligned to struct RelocGuestPatchableData
+  RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_LITERAL,
+
+  // Like PATCHABLE_RIP_LITERAL but puts it in a register
+  // Aligned to struct RelocGuestPatchableData
+  RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_RIP_MOVE,
+
+  // Patchable guest CRC
+  // Aligned to struct RelocGuestPatchableData
+  RELOC_GUEST_PATCHABLE_CRC_MOVE,
 };
 
 struct FEX_PACKED RelocationHeader final {
@@ -73,6 +89,20 @@ struct RelocGuestRIP final {
   uint32_t pad2[6] {};
 };
 
+struct RelocGuestPatchableData final {
+  RelocationHeader Header {};
+
+  uint8_t RegisterIndex;
+
+  uint8_t ValueSize;
+
+  char Pad[2];
+
+  uint64_t SiteAddress;
+
+  uint32_t pad2[6] {};
+};
+
 union Relocation {
   // Clang 16 Can't default-initialize this union
   static Relocation Default() {
@@ -93,6 +123,8 @@ union Relocation {
   RelocNamedThunkMove NamedThunkMove;
 
   RelocGuestRIP GuestRIP;
+
+  RelocGuestPatchableData GuestPatchableData;
 };
 
 uint64_t GetNamedSymbolLiteral(FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl&, RelocNamedSymbolLiteral::NamedSymbol);

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/JIT/VectorOps.cpp

@@ -1112,8 +1112,10 @@ DEF_OP(VAddP) {
     // pairwise addition, the SVE version actually interleaves the
     // results of the pairwise addition (gross!), so we need to undo that.
     addp(SubRegSize, LHS.Z(), Pred, LHS.Z(), VectorUpper.Z());
-    uzp1(SubRegSize, Dst.Z(), LHS.Z(), LHS.Z());
+
+    // Extract the upper half first, since Dst may alias the LHS.
     uzp2(SubRegSize, VTMP2.Z(), LHS.Z(), LHS.Z());
+    uzp1(SubRegSize, Dst.Z(), LHS.Z(), LHS.Z());
 
     // Merge upper half with lower half.
     splice<ARMEmitter::OpType::Destructive>(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Z(), PRED_TMP_16B, Dst.Z(), VTMP2.Z());
@@ -1297,6 +1299,7 @@ DEF_OP(VFAddP) {
   const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VFAddP>();
   const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
 
+  const auto IsScalar = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i64Bit;
   const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
   LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
 
@@ -1327,6 +1330,8 @@ DEF_OP(VFAddP) {
 
     // Merge upper half with lower half.
     splice<ARMEmitter::OpType::Destructive>(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i64Bit, Dst.Z(), PRED_TMP_16B, Dst.Z(), VTMP2.Z());
+  } else if (IsScalar) {
+    faddp(SubRegSize, Dst.D(), VectorLower.D(), VectorUpper.D());
   } else {
     faddp(SubRegSize, Dst.Q(), VectorLower.Q(), VectorUpper.Q());
   }
@@ -2164,6 +2169,46 @@ DEF_OP(VCMPGT) {
   }
 }
 
+DEF_OP(VUCMPGT) {
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VUCMPGT>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto ElementSize = Op->Header.ElementSize;
+  const auto SubRegSize = ConvertSubRegSizePair16(IROp);
+  const auto IsScalar = ElementSize == OpSize;
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto Vector1 = GetVReg(Op->Vector1);
+  const auto Vector2 = GetVReg(Op->Vector2);
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    const auto Mask = PRED_TMP_32B.Zeroing();
+    const auto ComparePred = ARMEmitter::PReg::p0;
+
+    // FIXME: We should rework this op to avoid the NZCV spill/fill dance.
+    mrs(TMP1, ARMEmitter::SystemRegister::NZCV);
+
+    // General idea is to compare for unsigned greater-than, bitwise NOT
+    // the valid values, then ORR the NOTed values with the original
+    // values to form entries that are all 1s.
+    cmphi(SubRegSize.Vector, ComparePred, Mask, Vector1.Z(), Vector2.Z());
+    not_(SubRegSize.Vector, VTMP1.Z(), ComparePred.Merging(), Vector1.Z());
+    movprfx(SubRegSize.Vector, Dst.Z(), ComparePred.Zeroing(), Vector1.Z());
+    orr(SubRegSize.Vector, Dst.Z(), ComparePred.Merging(), Dst.Z(), VTMP1.Z());
+
+    // Restore NZCV
+    msr(ARMEmitter::SystemRegister::NZCV, TMP1);
+  } else {
+    if (IsScalar) {
+      cmhi(SubRegSize.Scalar, Dst, Vector1, Vector2);
+    } else {
+      cmhi(SubRegSize.Vector, Dst.Q(), Vector1.Q(), Vector2.Q());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 DEF_OP(VCMPGTZ) {
   const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VCMPGTZ>();
   const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
@@ -3332,6 +3377,55 @@ DEF_OP(VUShrNI2) {
   }
 }
 
+DEF_OP(VRSHRN) {
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VRSHRN>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto BitShift = Op->BitShift;
+  const auto SubRegSize = ConvertSubRegSize4(IROp);
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto Vector = GetVReg(Op->Vector);
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    rshrnb(SubRegSize, Dst.Z(), Vector.Z(), BitShift);
+    uzp1(SubRegSize, Dst.Z(), Dst.Z(), Dst.Z());
+  } else {
+    rshrn(SubRegSize, Dst.D(), Vector.D(), BitShift);
+  }
+}
+
+DEF_OP(VRSHRNPair) {
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VRSHRNPair>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto BitShift = Op->BitShift;
+  const auto SubRegSize = ConvertSubRegSize4(IROp);
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto VectorLower = GetVReg(Op->VectorLower);
+  auto VectorUpper = GetVReg(Op->VectorUpper);
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    rshrnb(SubRegSize, VTMP1.Z(), VectorLower.Z(), BitShift);
+    rshrnb(SubRegSize, VTMP2.Z(), VectorUpper.Z(), BitShift);
+    uzp1(SubRegSize, Dst.Z(), VTMP1.Z(), VTMP2.Z());
+  } else {
+    if (Dst == VectorUpper) {
+      // RSHRN writes the lower half and would destroy the upper input.
+      mov(VTMP1.Q(), VectorUpper.Q());
+      VectorUpper = VTMP1;
+    }
+
+    rshrn(SubRegSize, Dst.D(), VectorLower.D(), BitShift);
+    rshrn2(SubRegSize, Dst.Q(), VectorUpper.Q(), BitShift);
+  }
+}
+
 DEF_OP(VSXTL) {
   const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VSXTL>();
   const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
@@ -3781,6 +3875,171 @@ DEF_OP(VMul) {
   }
 }
 
+DEF_OP(VUSDot) {
+  ///< Dest = Acc + dot(Vector1 (unsigned 8-bit), Vector2 (signed 8-bit))
+  // Matches:
+  // - SVE    - USDOT
+  // - ASIMD  - USDOT
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VUSDot>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto Acc = GetVReg(Op->Acc);
+  const auto Vector1 = GetVReg(Op->Vector1);
+  const auto Vector2 = GetVReg(Op->Vector2);
+
+  // USDOT accumulates in to its destination register,
+  // so we need to emit a move if Acc != Dst
+  ARMEmitter::VRegister DestTmp = Dst;
+  if (Dst != Acc) {
+    if (Dst != Vector1 && Dst != Vector2) {
+      DestTmp = Dst;
+    } else {
+      DestTmp = VTMP1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    if (Dst != Acc) {
+      mov(DestTmp.Z(), Acc.Z());
+    }
+
+    usdot(DestTmp.Z(), Vector1.Z(), Vector2.Z());
+    if (Dst != DestTmp) {
+      mov(Dst.Z(), DestTmp.Z());
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (Dst != Acc) {
+      mov(DestTmp.Q(), Acc.Q());
+    }
+
+    usdot(DestTmp.Q(), Vector1.Q(), Vector2.Q());
+    if (Dst != DestTmp) {
+      mov(Dst.Q(), DestTmp.Q());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+DEF_OP(VSDot) {
+  ///< Dest = Acc + dot(Vector1 (signed 8-bit), Vector2 (signed 8-bit))
+  // Matches:
+  // - SVE    - SDOT
+  // - ASIMD  - SDOT
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VSDot>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto Acc = GetVReg(Op->Acc);
+  const auto Vector1 = GetVReg(Op->Vector1);
+  const auto Vector2 = GetVReg(Op->Vector2);
+
+  // SDOT accumulates in to its destination register,
+  // so we need to emit a move if Acc != Dst
+  ARMEmitter::VRegister DestTmp = Dst;
+  if (Dst != Acc) {
+    if (Dst != Vector1 && Dst != Vector2) {
+      DestTmp = Dst;
+    } else {
+      DestTmp = VTMP1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    if (Dst != Acc) {
+      mov(DestTmp.Z(), Acc.Z());
+    }
+
+    sdot(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i32Bit, DestTmp.Z(), Vector1.Z(), Vector2.Z());
+    if (Dst != DestTmp) {
+      mov(Dst.Z(), DestTmp.Z());
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (Dst != Acc) {
+      mov(DestTmp.Q(), Acc.Q());
+    }
+
+    sdot(ARMEmitter::SubRegSize::i32Bit, DestTmp.Q(), Vector1.Q(), Vector2.Q());
+    if (Dst != DestTmp) {
+      mov(Dst.Q(), DestTmp.Q());
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+DEF_OP(VSAddLP) {
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VSAddLP>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto SubRegSize = ConvertSubRegSize248(IROp);
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto Vector = GetVReg(Op->Vector);
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    // SVE only has the accumulating form, so accumulate in to a zeroed register.
+    // Zero a temporary instead if Dst aliases the source.
+    const auto DestTmp = Dst == Vector ? VTMP1 : Dst;
+    dup_imm(SubRegSize, DestTmp.Z(), 0);
+    sadalp(SubRegSize, DestTmp.Z(), PRED_TMP_32B.Merging(), Vector.Z());
+    if (Dst != DestTmp) {
+      mov(Dst.Z(), DestTmp.Z());
+    }
+  } else {
+    saddlp(SubRegSize, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q());
+  }
+}
+
+DEF_OP(VSAdALP) {
+  const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VSAdALP>();
+  const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;
+
+  const auto SubRegSize = ConvertSubRegSize248(IROp);
+  const auto Is256Bit = OpSize == IR::OpSize::i256Bit;
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!Is256Bit || HostSupportsSVE256, "Need SVE256 support in order to use {} with 256-bit operation", __func__);
+
+  const auto Dst = GetVReg(Node);
+  const auto Acc = GetVReg(Op->Acc);
+  const auto Vector = GetVReg(Op->Vector);
+
+  // SADALP accumulates in to its destination register,
+  // so we need to emit a move if Acc != Dst
+  ARMEmitter::VRegister DestTmp = Dst;
+  if (Dst != Acc) {
+    DestTmp = Dst != Vector ? Dst : VTMP1;
+  }
+
+  if (HostSupportsSVE256 && Is256Bit) {
+    if (Dst != Acc) {
+      mov(DestTmp.Z(), Acc.Z());
+    }
+
+    sadalp(SubRegSize, DestTmp.Z(), PRED_TMP_32B.Merging(), Vector.Z());
+    if (Dst != DestTmp) {
+      mov(Dst.Z(), DestTmp.Z());
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (Dst == Vector) {
+      // ASIMD has the non-accumulating form, which is cheaper than shuffling through a temporary.
+      saddlp(SubRegSize, VTMP1.Q(), Vector.Q());
+      add(SubRegSize, Dst.Q(), Acc.Q(), VTMP1.Q());
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (Dst != Acc) {
+      mov(Dst.Q(), Acc.Q());
+    }
+
+    sadalp(SubRegSize, Dst.Q(), Vector.Q());
+  }
+}
+
 DEF_OP(VUMull) {
   const auto Op = IROp->C<IR::IROp_VUMull>();
   const auto OpSize = IROp->Size;

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/LookupCache.h

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include <FEXCore/fextl/memory_resource.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <span>
 #include <stddef.h>
 #include <utility>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -93,13 +94,15 @@ struct GuestToHostMap {
   GuestToHostMap();
 
   // Adds to Guest -> Host code mapping
-  const BlockEntry& AddBlockMapping(uint64_t Address, const fextl::vector<uint64_t>& CodePages, void* HostCode, const LookupCacheWriteLockToken&) {
+  const BlockEntry& AddBlockMapping(uint64_t Address, std::span<const uint64_t> CodePages, void* HostCode, const LookupCacheWriteLockToken&) {
     // This may replace an existing mapping
     // NOTE: Generally no previous entry should exist, however there is one exception:
     //       If the backend updates the active thread's CodeBuffer, the new associated LookupCache
     //       may already contain the block address. Since is comparatively rare, we'll just leak
     //       one of the two blocks in this case.
-    return BlockList.insert_or_assign(Address, BlockEntry {(uintptr_t)HostCode, CodePages}).first->second;
+    return BlockList
+      .insert_or_assign(Address, BlockEntry {(uintptr_t)HostCode, fextl::vector<uint64_t>(CodePages.begin(), CodePages.end())})
+      .first->second;
   }
 
   const BlockEntry* FindBlock(uint64_t Address, const LookupCacheReadLockToken&) {
@@ -220,7 +223,7 @@ public:
     }
 
     if (HostPtr && DynamicL1Cache()) {
-      UpdateDynamicL1Stats(Thread);
+      UpdateDynamicL1Stats(Thread, Address, HostPtr);
     }
 
     FEXCORE_PROFILE_INSTANT_INCREMENT(Thread, AccumulatedCacheMissCount, 1);
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ public:
     return HostPtr;
   }
 
-  void UpdateDynamicL1Stats(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread) {
+  void UpdateDynamicL1Stats(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t GuestAddress, uint64_t HostCode) {
     // If host pointer was found in L2 or L3, then add it to the counter.
     // Keeping track not L1 misses, but specifically L2/L3 hits.
     ++L2L3CacheHits;
@@ -242,12 +245,18 @@ public:
 
       if (AveragePerSecond >= DynamicL1CacheIncreaseCountHeuristic()) {
         if (CurrentL1Entries < MAX_L1_ENTRIES) {
+          // Entries whose address has the new mask bit set would be unreachable by InvalidateCache
+          FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualDontNeed(reinterpret_cast<void*>(L1Pointer), CurrentL1Entries * sizeof(LookupCacheEntry), false);
+
           CurrentL1Entries <<= 1;
           L1PointerMask = CurrentL1Entries - 1;
 
           // Update the thread's L1 pointer mask to increase how much cache it uses.
           // Since we're in C-code, this is safe to update here.
           Thread->CurrentFrame->State.L1Mask = GetScaledL1PointerMask();
+
+          // If L1 was just shrunk, then we just removed our cached entry. Add it back.
+          AddL1Entry(GuestAddress, HostCode);
         }
       } else if (AveragePerSecond < DynamicL1CacheDecreaseCountHeuristic()) {
         if (CurrentL1Entries > MIN_L1_ENTRIES) {
@@ -275,7 +284,7 @@ public:
 
   // Appends a list of Block {Address} to CodePages [Start, Start + Length)
   // Returns true if new pages are marked as containing code
-  bool AddBlockExecutableRange(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, const fextl::set<uint64_t>& Addresses, uint64_t Start, uint64_t Length) {
+  bool AddBlockExecutableRange(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, auto& Addresses, uint64_t Start, uint64_t Length) {
     std::optional<FEXCore::SHMStats::AccumulationBlock<uint64_t>> LockTime(
       Thread->ThreadStats ? &Thread->ThreadStats->AccumulatedCacheWriteLockTime : nullptr);
     auto lk = Shared->AcquireWriteLock();
@@ -285,7 +294,7 @@ public:
   }
 
   // Adds to Guest -> Host code mapping
-  void AddBlockMapping(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Address, const fextl::vector<uint64_t>& CodePages, void* HostCode) {
+  void AddBlockMapping(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Address, std::span<const uint64_t> CodePages, void* HostCode) {
     std::optional<FEXCore::SHMStats::AccumulationBlock<uint64_t>> LockTime(
       Thread->ThreadStats ? &Thread->ThreadStats->AccumulatedCacheWriteLockTime : nullptr);
     auto lk = Shared->AcquireWriteLock();
@@ -380,15 +389,19 @@ public:
   }
 
 private:
+  void AddL1Entry(uint64_t GuestAddress, uint64_t HostCode) {
+    auto& L1Entry = reinterpret_cast<LookupCacheEntry*>(L1Pointer)[GuestAddress & L1PointerMask];
+    L1Entry.GuestCode = GuestAddress;
+    L1Entry.HostCode = HostCode;
+  }
+
   void CacheBlockMapping(uint64_t Address, const GuestToHostMap::BlockEntry& Entry, bool L1Only, const LookupCacheBaseLockToken& lk) {
     for (const auto& CodePage : Entry.CodePages) {
       CachedCodePages[CodePage >> 12].insert(Address);
     }
 
     // Do L1
-    auto& L1Entry = reinterpret_cast<LookupCacheEntry*>(L1Pointer)[Address & L1PointerMask];
-    L1Entry.GuestCode = Address;
-    L1Entry.HostCode = Entry.HostCode;
+    AddL1Entry(Address, Entry.HostCode);
 
     if (!DisableL2Cache() && !L1Only) {
       // Do ful map

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher.cpp

@@ -36,35 +36,6 @@ using X86Tables::OpToIndex;
 #define OpcodeArgs [[maybe_unused]] FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOp Op
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::SyscallOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsSyscallInst) {
-  constexpr size_t SyscallArgs = 7;
-  using SyscallArray = std::array<uint64_t, SyscallArgs>;
-
-  size_t NumArguments {};
-  const SyscallArray* GPRIndexes {};
-  static constexpr SyscallArray GPRIndexes_64 = {
-    FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RDI, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RSI, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RDX,
-    FEXCore::X86State::REG_R10, FEXCore::X86State::REG_R8,  FEXCore::X86State::REG_R9,
-  };
-  static constexpr SyscallArray GPRIndexes_32 = {
-    FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RBX, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RCX, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RDX,
-    FEXCore::X86State::REG_RSI, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RDI, FEXCore::X86State::REG_RBP,
-  };
-
-  const auto OSABI = CTX->SyscallHandler->GetOSABI();
-  if (OSABI == FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_LINUX64) {
-    NumArguments = GPRIndexes_64.size();
-    GPRIndexes = &GPRIndexes_64;
-  } else if (OSABI == FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_LINUX32) {
-    NumArguments = GPRIndexes_32.size();
-    GPRIndexes = &GPRIndexes_32;
-  } else if (OSABI == FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_GENERIC) {
-    // All registers will be spilled before the syscall and filled afterwards so no JIT-side argument handling is necessary.
-    NumArguments = 0;
-    GPRIndexes = nullptr;
-  } else {
-    ERROR_AND_DIE_FMT("Unhandled OSABI syscall");
-  }
-
   // Calculate flags early.
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
@@ -72,13 +43,6 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SyscallOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsSyscallInst) {
   auto NewRIP = GetRelocatedPC(Op, -Op->InstSize);
   _StoreContextGPR(GPRSize, NewRIP, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CPUState, rip));
 
-  Ref Arguments[SyscallArgs] {
-    InvalidNode, InvalidNode, InvalidNode, InvalidNode, InvalidNode, InvalidNode, InvalidNode,
-  };
-  for (size_t i = 0; i < NumArguments; ++i) {
-    Arguments[i] = LoadGPRRegister(GPRIndexes->at(i));
-  }
-
   if (IsSyscallInst) {
     // If this is the `Syscall` instruction rather than `int 0x80` then we need to do some additional work.
     // RCX = RIP after this instruction
@@ -94,18 +58,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SyscallOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsSyscallInst) {
   }
 
   FlushRegisterCache();
-  auto SyscallOp = _Syscall(Arguments[0], Arguments[1], Arguments[2], Arguments[3], Arguments[4], Arguments[5], Arguments[6]);
-
-  // Generic ABI doesn't store result in RAX.
-  if (OSABI != FEXCore::HLE::SyscallOSABI::OS_GENERIC) {
-    StoreGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, SyscallOp);
-  }
-
-  if (Op->TableInfo->Flags & X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_BLOCK_END) {
-    // RIP could have been updated after coming back from the Syscall.
-    NewRIP = _LoadContextGPR(GPRSize, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CPUState, rip));
-    ExitFunction(NewRIP);
-  }
+  _Syscall();
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::ThunkOp(OpcodeArgs) {
@@ -268,10 +221,10 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   };
 #undef OPD
 
-  ALUOp(Op, IROp, AtomicIROp, 1);
+  ALUOp(Op, IROp, AtomicIROp, 1, false);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX) {
   // Calculate flags early.
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
@@ -286,6 +239,8 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
 
     Ref DestMem = MakeSegmentAddress(Op, Op->Dest);
     Before = _AtomicFetchAdd(Size, ALUOp, DestMem);
+  } else if (DestRAX) {
+    Before = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, OpSizeFromSrc(Op), 0, true);
   } else {
     Before = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
   }
@@ -302,12 +257,14 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
     Result = CalculateFlags_ADC(Size, Before, Src);
   }
 
-  if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op)) {
+  if (DestRAX) {
+    StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Result, OpSizeFromDst(Op));
+  } else if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op)) {
     StoreResultGPR(Op, Result);
   }
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX) {
   // Calculate flags early.
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
@@ -323,13 +280,17 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
     Ref DestMem = MakeSegmentAddress(Op, Op->Dest);
     auto SrcPlusCF = IncrementByCarry(OpSize, Src);
     Before = _AtomicFetchSub(Size, SrcPlusCF, DestMem);
+  } else if (DestRAX) {
+    Before = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, OpSizeFromSrc(Op), 0, true);
   } else {
     Before = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
   }
 
   Result = CalculateFlags_SBB(Size, Before, Src);
 
-  if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op)) {
+  if (DestRAX) {
+    StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Result, OpSizeFromDst(Op));
+  } else if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op)) {
     StoreResultGPR(Op, Result);
   }
 }
@@ -339,7 +300,8 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SALCOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 
   auto Result = NZCVSelect(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::UGE /* CF = 1 */, _InlineConstant(0xffffffff), _InlineConstant(0));
 
-  StoreResultGPR(Op, Result);
+  // This inserts in to the low 8-bits.
+  StoreGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, Result, OpSizeFromDst(Op));
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::PUSHOp(OpcodeArgs) {
@@ -814,11 +776,11 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::LoopOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     OpSize = OpSize::i32Bit;
   }
 
-  uint64_t Target = Op->PC + Op->InstSize + Op->Src[1].Literal();
+  uint64_t Target = Op->PC + Op->InstSize + Op->Src[0].Literal();
 
-  Ref CondReg = LoadSourceGPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Src[0], SrcSize, Op->Flags);
+  Ref CondReg = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, SrcSize);
   CondReg = Sub(OpSize, CondReg, 1);
-  StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], CondReg);
+  StoreGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, CondReg, SrcSize);
 
   // If LOOPE then jumps to target if RCX != 0 && ZF == 1
   // If LOOPNE then jumps to target if RCX != 0 && ZF == 0
@@ -847,7 +809,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::LoopOp(OpcodeArgs) {
       StartNewBlock();
 
       // Store the new RIP
-      ExitRelocatedPC(Op, Op->Src[1].Literal());
+      ExitRelocatedPC(Op, Op->Src[0].Literal());
     }
 
     // Failure to take branch
@@ -1002,11 +964,16 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RETFARIndirectOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   BlockSetRIP = true;
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX) {
   // TEST is an instruction that does an AND between the sources
   // Result isn't stored in result, only writes to flags
   Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[SrcIndex], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-  Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  Ref Dest {};
+  if (DestRAX) {
+    Dest = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, OpSizeFromSrc(Op), 0, true);
+  } else {
+    Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  }
 
   const auto Size = OpSizeFromDst(Op);
   LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Size >= IR::OpSize::i8Bit && Size <= IR::OpSize::i64Bit, "Invalid size");
@@ -1112,26 +1079,60 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::MOVZXOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   StoreResultGPR(Op, Src);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX) {
   // CMP is an instruction that does a SUB between the sources
   // Result isn't stored in result, only writes to flags
   Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[SrcIndex], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-  Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  Ref Dest {};
+  if (DestRAX) {
+    Dest = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, OpSizeFromSrc(Op), 0, true);
+  } else {
+    Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  }
   CalculateFlags_SUB(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Dest, Src);
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::CQOOp(OpcodeArgs) {
-  Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
   auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
+  Ref Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, Size, 0, true);
   Ref Upper = _Sbfe(std::max(OpSize::i32Bit, Size), 1, GetSrcBitSize(Op) - 1, Src);
+  StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RDX, Upper, Size);
+}
 
-  StoreResultGPR(Op, Upper);
+std::optional<Ref> OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, Ref Src) {
+  if (DestIsMem(Op)) {
+    HandledLock = (Op->Flags & FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_LOCK) != 0;
+
+    Ref Dest = MakeSegmentAddress(Op, Op->Dest);
+    if (IsMonoBackpatcherBlock) {
+      _MonoBackpatcherWrite(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Src, Dest);
+    } else {
+      return _AtomicSwap(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Src, Dest);
+    }
+    return std::nullopt;
+  } else {
+    // AllowUpperGarbage: OK to allow as it will be overwritten by StoreResult.
+    Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+
+    // Swap the contents
+    // Order matters here since we don't want to swap context contents for one that effects the other
+    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Src);
+    return Dest;
+  }
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGOp(OpcodeArgs) {
+  // AllowUpperGarbage: OK to allow as it will be overwritten by StoreResult.
+  Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  auto Res = XCHGOpImpl(Op, Src);
+  if (Res) {
+    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], *Res);
+  }
+}
+
+void OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGRAXOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   // Load both the source and the destination
-  if (Op->OP == 0x90 && Op->Src[0].IsGPR() && Op->Src[0].Data.GPR.GPR == FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX && Op->Dest.IsGPR() &&
-      Op->Dest.Data.GPR.GPR == FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX) {
+  if (Op->Dest.IsGPR() && Op->Dest.Data.GPR.GPR == FEXCore::X86State::REG_RAX) {
     // This is one heck of a sucky special case
     // If we are the 0x90 XCHG opcode (Meaning source is GPR RAX)
     // and destination register is ALSO RAX
@@ -1159,25 +1160,10 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   }
 
   // AllowUpperGarbage: OK to allow as it will be overwritten by StoreResult.
-  Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-  if (DestIsMem(Op)) {
-    HandledLock = (Op->Flags & FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_LOCK) != 0;
-
-    Ref Dest = MakeSegmentAddress(Op, Op->Dest);
-    if (IsMonoBackpatcherBlock) {
-      _MonoBackpatcherWrite(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Src, Dest);
-    } else {
-      auto Result = _AtomicSwap(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Src, Dest);
-      StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Result);
-    }
-  } else {
-    // AllowUpperGarbage: OK to allow as it will be overwritten by StoreResult.
-    Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-
-    // Swap the contents
-    // Order matters here since we don't want to swap context contents for one that effects the other
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Src);
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Dest);
+  Ref Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
+  auto Res = XCHGOpImpl(Op, Src);
+  if (Res) {
+    StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, *Res, OpSizeFromDst(Op));
   }
 }
 
@@ -1188,7 +1174,8 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::CDQOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 
   Src = _Sbfe(DstSize <= OpSize::i32Bit ? OpSize::i32Bit : OpSize::i64Bit, IR::OpSizeAsBits(SrcSize), 0, Src);
 
-  StoreResultGPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, Src, DstSize);
+  // This inserts in to the low 16-bits.
+  StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Src, DstSize);
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::SAHFOp(OpcodeArgs) {
@@ -1359,27 +1346,25 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     // Source is memory(literal)
     // Dest is GPR
     auto Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.ForceLoad = true});
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Src);
+    StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Src, OpSizeFromDst(Op));
     break;
   }
   case 0xA2:
   case 0xA3: {
     // Source is GPR
     // Dest is memory(literal)
-    Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+    Ref Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX);
 
     // This one is a bit special since the destination is a literal
     // So the destination gets stored in Src[1]
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Src);
+    StoreResultGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Src);
     break;
   }
   }
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::CPUIDOp(OpcodeArgs) {
-  const auto GPRSize = GetGPROpSize();
-
-  Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Src[0], GPRSize, Op->Flags);
+  Ref Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX);
   Ref Leaf = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX);
 
   Ref RAX = _AllocateGPR(false);
@@ -1421,7 +1406,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::XGetBVOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 void OpDispatchBuilder::SHLOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   const auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
   auto Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-  auto Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
 
   Ref Result = _Lshl(Size == OpSize::i64Bit ? OpSize::i64Bit : OpSize::i32Bit, Dest, Src);
   HandleShift(Op, Result, Dest, ShiftType::LSL, Src);
@@ -1443,7 +1428,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SHLImmediateOp(OpcodeArgs, bool SHL1Bit) {
 void OpDispatchBuilder::SHROp(OpcodeArgs) {
   const auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
   auto Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = Size >= OpSize::i32Bit});
-  auto Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
 
   auto ALUOp = _Lshr(std::max(OpSize::i32Bit, Size), Dest, Src);
   HandleShift(Op, ALUOp, Dest, ShiftType::LSR, Src);
@@ -1472,7 +1457,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SHLDOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags);
 
   // Allow garbage on the shift, we're masking it anyway.
-  Ref Shift = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+  Ref Shift = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
 
   // x86 masks the shift by 0x3F or 0x1F depending on size of op.
   if (Size == 64) {
@@ -1526,7 +1511,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SHLDImmediateOp(OpcodeArgs) {
       Res = _Extr(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Dest, Src, Size - Shift);
     }
 
-    CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Res, Dest, Shift);
+    CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Res, Dest, Shift, true);
     CalculateDeferredFlags();
     StoreResultGPR(Op, Res);
   } else if (Shift == 0 && Size == 32) {
@@ -1543,7 +1528,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SHRDOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags);
   Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags);
 
-  Ref Shift = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX);
+  Ref Shift = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
 
   const auto Size = GetDstBitSize(Op);
 
@@ -1621,7 +1606,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::ASHROp(OpcodeArgs, bool Immediate, bool SHR1Bit) {
     CalculateDeferredFlags();
     StoreResultGPR(Op, Result);
   } else {
-    auto Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+    auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
     Ref Result = _Ashr(OpSize, Dest, Src);
 
     HandleShift(Op, Result, Dest, ShiftType::ASR, Src);
@@ -1645,7 +1630,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Left, bool IsImmediate, bool I
     UnmaskedConst = GetConstantShift(Op, Is1Bit);
     UnmaskedSrc = ARef(UnmaskedConst);
   } else {
-    UnmaskedSrc = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
+    UnmaskedSrc = ARef(LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true));
   }
   auto Src = UnmaskedSrc.And(Mask);
 
@@ -1774,7 +1759,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::BLSMSKBMIOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   InvalidatePF_AF();
 
   // CF set according to the Src
-  auto CFInv = To01(OpSize::i64Bit, Src);
+  auto CFInv = To01(Size, Src);
 
   // The output of BLSMSK is always nonzero, so TST will clear Z (along with C
   // and O) while setting S.
@@ -1792,7 +1777,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::BLSRBMIOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 
   StoreResultGPR(Op, Result);
 
-  auto CFInv = To01(OpSize::i64Bit, Src);
+  auto CFInv = To01(Size, Src);
 
   SetNZ_ZeroCV(Size, Result);
   SetCFInverted(CFInv);
@@ -2035,11 +2020,11 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp8x1Bit(OpcodeArgs) {
   SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC>(_XorShift(OpSize::i32Bit, Res, Res, ShiftType::LSR, 1), SizeBit - 2, true);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp(OpcodeArgs) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX) {
   const auto Size = GetSrcBitSize(Op);
 
   if (Size == 8 || Size == 16) {
-    RCRSmallerOp(Op);
+    RCRSmallerOp(Op, UseRCX);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -2049,49 +2034,54 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp(OpcodeArgs) {
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
   const auto OpSize = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
 
-  Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-  uint64_t Const;
-  if (IsValueConstant(WrapNode(Src), &Const)) {
-    Const &= Mask;
-    if (!Const) {
-      ZeroShiftResult(Op);
+  if (!UseRCX) {
+    Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+    uint64_t Const;
+    if (IsValueConstant(WrapNode(Src), &Const)) {
+      Const &= Mask;
+      if (!Const) {
+        ZeroShiftResult(Op);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+
+      // Res = Src >> Shift
+      Ref Res = _Lshr(OpSize, Dest, Src);
+      auto CF = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_CF_RAW_LOC);
+
+      // Constant folded version of the above, with fused shifts.
+      if (Const > 1) {
+        Res = _Orlshl(OpSize, Res, Dest, Size + 1 - Const);
+      }
+
+      // Our new CF will be bit (Shift - 1) of the source.
+      SetCFDirect(Dest, Const - 1, true);
+
+      // Since shift != 0 we can inject the CF
+      Res = _Orlshl(OpSize, Res, CF, Size - Const);
+
+      // OF is the top two MSBs XOR'd together
+      // Only when Shift == 1, it is undefined otherwise
+      if (Const == 1) {
+        auto Xor = _XorShift(OpSize, Res, Res, ShiftType::LSR, 1);
+        SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC>(Xor, Size - 2, true);
+      }
+
+      StoreResultGPR(Op, Res);
       return;
     }
-
-    Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-
-    // Res = Src >> Shift
-    Ref Res = _Lshr(OpSize, Dest, Src);
-    auto CF = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_CF_RAW_LOC);
-
-    // Constant folded version of the above, with fused shifts.
-    if (Const > 1) {
-      Res = _Orlshl(OpSize, Res, Dest, Size + 1 - Const);
-    }
-
-    // Our new CF will be bit (Shift - 1) of the source.
-    SetCFDirect(Dest, Const - 1, true);
-
-    // Since shift != 0 we can inject the CF
-    Res = _Orlshl(OpSize, Res, CF, Size - Const);
-
-    // OF is the top two MSBs XOR'd together
-    // Only when Shift == 1, it is undefined otherwise
-    if (Const == 1) {
-      auto Xor = _XorShift(OpSize, Res, Res, ShiftType::LSR, 1);
-      SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC>(Xor, Size - 2, true);
-    }
-
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Res);
-    return;
   }
 
+  // x86 masks the shift by 0x3F or 0x1F depending on size of op
+  auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
   Ref SrcMasked = _And(OpSize, Src, _InlineConstant(Mask));
+
   Calculate_ShiftVariable(
     Op, SrcMasked,
     [this, Op, Size, OpSize]() {
       // Rematerialize loads to avoid crossblock liveness
-      Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+      auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
       Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
 
       // Res = Src >> Shift
@@ -2127,21 +2117,29 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp(OpcodeArgs) {
     OpSizeFromSrc(Op) == OpSize::i32Bit ? std::make_optional(&OpDispatchBuilder::ZeroShiftResult) : std::nullopt);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::RCRSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::RCRSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX) {
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
   const auto Size = GetSrcBitSize(Op);
 
   // x86 masks the shift by 0x3F or 0x1F depending on size of op
-  auto Src = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
-  Src = Src.And(0x1F);
+  auto GetShift = [this, Op, UseRCX]() {
+    if (UseRCX) {
+      auto Src = ARef(LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true));
+      return Src.And(0x1F);
+    } else {
+      auto Src = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
+      return Src.And(0x1F);
+    }
+  };
+
+  auto Src = GetShift();
 
   // CF only changes if we actually shifted. OF undefined if we didn't shift.
   // The result is unchanged if we didn't shift. So branch over the whole thing.
-  Calculate_ShiftVariable(Op, Src.Ref(), [this, Op, Size]() {
+  Calculate_ShiftVariable(Op, Src.Ref(), [this, Op, Size, GetShift]() {
     // Rematerialized to avoid crossblock liveness
-    auto Src = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
-    Src = Src.And(0x1F);
+    auto Src = GetShift();
 
     auto CF = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_CF_RAW_LOC);
 
@@ -2251,11 +2249,11 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp1Bit(OpcodeArgs) {
   StoreResultGPR(Op, Res);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp(OpcodeArgs) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX) {
   const auto Size = GetSrcBitSize(Op);
 
   if (Size == 8 || Size == 16) {
-    RCLSmallerOp(Op);
+    RCLSmallerOp(Op, UseRCX);
     return;
   }
 
@@ -2264,50 +2262,55 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   // Calculate flags early.
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
-  Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
   const auto OpSize = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
 
-  uint64_t Const;
-  if (IsValueConstant(WrapNode(Src), &Const)) {
-    Const &= Mask;
-    if (!Const) {
-      ZeroShiftResult(Op);
+  if (!UseRCX) {
+    Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+    uint64_t Const;
+    if (IsValueConstant(WrapNode(Src), &Const)) {
+      Const &= Mask;
+      if (!Const) {
+        ZeroShiftResult(Op);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Res = Src << Shift
+      Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+      Ref Res = _Lshl(OpSize, Dest, Src);
+      auto CF = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_CF_RAW_LOC);
+
+      // Res |= (Src << (Size - Shift + 1));
+      if (Const > 1) {
+        Res = _Orlshr(OpSize, Res, Dest, Size + 1 - Const);
+      }
+
+      // Our new CF will be bit (Shift - 1) of the source
+      SetCFDirect(Dest, Size - Const, true);
+
+      // Since Shift != 0 we can inject the CF
+      Res = _Orlshl(OpSize, Res, CF, Const - 1);
+
+      // OF is the top two MSBs XOR'd together
+      // Only when Shift == 1, it is undefined otherwise
+      if (Const == 1) {
+        auto NewOF = _Xor(OpSize, Res, Dest);
+        SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC>(NewOF, Size - 1, true);
+      }
+
+      StoreResultGPR(Op, Res);
       return;
     }
-
-    // Res = Src << Shift
-    Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
-    Ref Res = _Lshl(OpSize, Dest, Src);
-    auto CF = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_CF_RAW_LOC);
-
-    // Res |= (Src << (Size - Shift + 1));
-    if (Const > 1) {
-      Res = _Orlshr(OpSize, Res, Dest, Size + 1 - Const);
-    }
-
-    // Our new CF will be bit (Shift - 1) of the source
-    SetCFDirect(Dest, Size - Const, true);
-
-    // Since Shift != 0 we can inject the CF
-    Res = _Orlshl(OpSize, Res, CF, Const - 1);
-
-    // OF is the top two MSBs XOR'd together
-    // Only when Shift == 1, it is undefined otherwise
-    if (Const == 1) {
-      auto NewOF = _Xor(OpSize, Res, Dest);
-      SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC>(NewOF, Size - 1, true);
-    }
-
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Res);
-    return;
   }
 
+  // x86 masks the shift by 0x3F or 0x1F depending on size of op
+  auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
   Ref SrcMasked = _And(OpSize, Src, _InlineConstant(Mask));
+
   Calculate_ShiftVariable(
     Op, SrcMasked,
     [this, Op, Size, OpSize]() {
       // Rematerialized to avoid crossblock liveness
-      Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+      auto Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true);
 
       // Res = Src << Shift
       Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
@@ -2342,21 +2345,29 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     OpSizeFromSrc(Op) == OpSize::i32Bit ? std::make_optional(&OpDispatchBuilder::ZeroShiftResult) : std::nullopt);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::RCLSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX) {
   CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
   const auto Size = GetSrcBitSize(Op);
 
   // x86 masks the shift by 0x3F or 0x1F depending on size of op
-  auto Src = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
-  Src = Src.And(0x1F);
+  auto GetShift = [this, Op, UseRCX]() {
+    if (UseRCX) {
+      auto Src = ARef(LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, OpSize::iInvalid, 0, true));
+      return Src.And(0x1F);
+    } else {
+      auto Src = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
+      return Src.And(0x1F);
+    }
+  };
+
+  auto Src = GetShift();
 
   // CF only changes if we actually shifted. OF undefined if we didn't shift.
   // The result is unchanged if we didn't shift. So branch over the whole thing.
-  Calculate_ShiftVariable(Op, Src.Ref(), [this, Op, Size]() {
+  Calculate_ShiftVariable(Op, Src.Ref(), [this, Op, Size, GetShift]() {
     // Rematerialized to avoid crossblock liveness
-    auto Src = ARef(LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true}));
-    Src = Src.And(0x1F);
+    auto Src = GetShift();
     Ref Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags);
 
     auto CF = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_CF_RAW_LOC);
@@ -3214,7 +3225,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::STOSOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 
   if (!Repeat) {
     // Src is used only for a store of the same size so allow garbage
-    Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+    Ref Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, Size, 0, true);
 
     // Only ES prefix
     Ref Dest = MakeSegmentAddress(X86State::REG_RDI, 0, X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_ES_PREFIX, true);
@@ -3233,7 +3244,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::STOSOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     // FEX doesn't support partial faulting REP instructions.
     // Converting this to a `MemSet` IR op optimizes this quite significantly in our codegen.
     // If FEX is to gain support for faulting REP instructions, then this implementation needs to change significantly.
-    Ref Src = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags);
+    Ref Src = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, Size);
     Ref Dest = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RDI);
 
     // Only ES prefix
@@ -3470,7 +3481,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::LODSOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 
     auto Src = _LoadMemGPRAutoTSO(Size, Dest_RSI, Size);
 
-    StoreResultGPR(Op, Src);
+    StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Src, Size);
 
     // Offset the pointer
     Ref TailDest_RSI = OffsetByDir(Src_RSI, IR::OpSizeToSize(Size));
@@ -3484,7 +3495,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::LODSOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     // Calculate flags early. because end of block
     CalculateDeferredFlags();
 
-    ForeachDirection([this, Op, Size, AddrSize](int32_t PtrDir) {
+    ForeachDirection([this, Size, AddrSize](int32_t PtrDir) {
       // XXX: Theoretically LODS could be optimized to
       // RSI += {-}(RCX * Size)
       // RAX = [RSI - Size]
@@ -3517,7 +3528,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::LODSOp(OpcodeArgs) {
 
         auto Src = _LoadMemGPRAutoTSO(Size, Dest_RSI, Size);
 
-        StoreResultGPR(Op, Src);
+        StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Src, Size);
 
         Ref TailCounter = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX);
         Ref TailDest_RSI = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RSI);
@@ -3564,7 +3575,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SCASOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     Ref Src_RDI = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RDI, AddrSize);
     Ref Dest_RDI = AppendSegmentOffset(Src_RDI, 0, X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_ES_PREFIX, true);
 
-    auto Src1 = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+    auto Src1 = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, Size, 0, true);
     auto Src2 = _LoadMemGPRAutoTSO(Size, Dest_RDI, Size);
 
     CalculateFlags_SUB(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Src1, Src2);
@@ -3607,7 +3618,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::SCASOp(OpcodeArgs) {
         Ref Src_RDI = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RDI, AddrSize);
         Ref Dest_RDI = AppendSegmentOffset(Src_RDI, 0, X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_ES_PREFIX, true);
 
-        auto Src1 = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
+        auto Src1 = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, Size, 0, true);
         auto Src2 = _LoadMemGPRAutoTSO(Size, Dest_RDI, Size);
 
         CalculateFlags_SUB(OpSizeFromSrc(Op), Src1, Src2);
@@ -4349,12 +4360,23 @@ AddressMode OpDispatchBuilder::DecodeAddress(const X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, con
     if (Operand.IsGPRIndirectRelocation()) {
       A.Base = Add(GPRSize, _EntrypointOffset(GPRSize, Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.Displacement), A.Base);
     } else {
-      A.Offset = static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.Displacement);
+      if (Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.PatchableDisp) {
+        A.Base = Add(GPRSize, A.Base,
+                     _PatchableGuestData(OpSize::i64Bit, static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.Displacement),
+                                         Op->PC + Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.DispOffset, 4));
+      } else {
+        A.Offset = static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.Displacement);
+      }
     }
     A.NonTSO |= IsNonTSOReg(AccessType, Operand.Data.GPRIndirect.GPR);
   } else if (Operand.IsRIPRelative() || Operand.IsRIPRelativeRelocation()) {
     if (Is64BitMode) {
-      A.Base = GetRelocatedPC(Op, static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.RIPLiteral.Value));
+      if (Operand.IsRIPRelative() && Operand.Data.RIPLiteral.PatchableDisp) {
+        A.Base = _PatchableGuestRIP(OpSize::i64Bit, Op->PC + Op->InstSize + static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.RIPLiteral.Value),
+                                    Op->PC + Operand.Data.RIPLiteral.DispOffset, 4);
+      } else {
+        A.Base = GetRelocatedPC(Op, static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.RIPLiteral.Value));
+      }
     } else {
       // 32bit this isn't RIP relative but instead absolute
       if (Operand.IsRIPRelativeRelocation()) {
@@ -4391,6 +4413,14 @@ AddressMode OpDispatchBuilder::DecodeAddress(const X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, con
       } else {
         A.Base = EPOffset;
       }
+    } else if (Operand.Data.SIB.PatchableDisp) {
+      Ref PatchedDisp =
+        _PatchableGuestData(OpSize::i64Bit, static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.SIB.Offset), Op->PC + Operand.Data.SIB.DispOffset, 4);
+      if (A.Base) {
+        A.Base = Add(OpSize::i64Bit, A.Base, PatchedDisp);
+      } else {
+        A.Base = PatchedDisp;
+      }
     } else {
       A.Offset = static_cast<int32_t>(Operand.Data.SIB.Offset);
     }
@@ -4398,6 +4428,9 @@ AddressMode OpDispatchBuilder::DecodeAddress(const X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, con
     A.NonTSO |= IsNonTSOReg(AccessType, Operand.Data.SIB.Base) || IsNonTSOReg(AccessType, Operand.Data.SIB.Index);
   } else if (Operand.IsLiteralRelocation()) {
     A.Base = _EntrypointOffset(GPRSize, Operand.Data.LiteralRelocation.EntrypointOffset);
+  } else if (Operand.IsLiteralPatchable()) {
+    A.Base = _PatchableGuestData(OpSize::i64Bit, Operand.Data.LiteralPatchable.Value, Op->PC + Operand.Data.LiteralPatchable.FieldOffset,
+                                 static_cast<uint64_t>(Operand.Data.LiteralPatchable.Width));
   } else {
     LOGMAN_MSG_A_FMT("Unknown Src Type: {}\n", Operand.Type);
   }
@@ -4617,7 +4650,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::StoreResult(RegClass Class, X86Tables::DecodedOp Op, Ref
 }
 
 OpDispatchBuilder::OpDispatchBuilder(FEXCore::Context::ContextImpl* ctx, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread)
-  : IREmitter {ctx->OpDispatcherAllocator, ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsTSOImm9}
+  : IREmitter {ctx->OpDispatcherAllocator, ctx->HostFeatures.SupportsTSOImm9 != 0}
   , CTX {ctx}
   , Thread {Thread} {
   if (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsAVX && CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsSVE256) {
@@ -4659,7 +4692,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::MOVGPRNTOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   StoreResultGPR(Op, Src, OpSize::i8Bit, MemoryAccessType::STREAM);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::IR::IROps AtomicFetchOp, unsigned SrcIdx) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::IR::IROps AtomicFetchOp, unsigned SrcIdx, bool DestRAX) {
   // On x86, the canonical way to zero a register is XOR with itself. Detect and
   // emit optimal arm64 assembly.
   if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op) && ALUIROp == FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_XOR && Op->Dest.IsGPR() && Op->Src[SrcIdx].IsGPR() &&
@@ -4695,7 +4728,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::I
   // promoting to a full size operation that preserves the upper bits.
   uint64_t Const;
   bool IsConst = IsValueConstant(WrapNode(Src), &Const);
-  if (Size < OpSize::i32Bit && !DestIsLockedMem(Op) && Op->Dest.IsGPR() && !Op->Dest.Data.GPR.HighBits && IsConst &&
+  if (Size < OpSize::i32Bit && !DestIsLockedMem(Op) && ((Op->Dest.IsGPR() && !Op->Dest.Data.GPR.HighBits) || DestRAX) && IsConst &&
       (ALUIROp == IR::IROps::OP_XOR || ALUIROp == IR::IROps::OP_OR || ALUIROp == IR::IROps::OP_ANDWITHFLAGS)) {
 
     RoundedSize = ResultSize = GetGPROpSize();
@@ -4724,6 +4757,8 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::I
     Ref DestMem = MakeSegmentAddress(Op, Op->Dest);
     DeriveOp(FetchOp, AtomicFetchOp, _AtomicFetchAdd(Size, Src, DestMem));
     Dest = FetchOp;
+  } else if (DestRAX) {
+    Dest = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, OpSizeFromSrc(Op), 0, true);
   } else {
     Dest = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, {.AllowUpperGarbage = true});
   }
@@ -4758,7 +4793,9 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::I
   default: break;
   }
 
-  if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op)) {
+  if (DestRAX) {
+    StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(X86State::REG_RAX, Result, ResultSize);
+  } else if (!DestIsLockedMem(Op)) {
     StoreResultGPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, Result, ResultSize, OpSize::iInvalid, MemoryAccessType::DEFAULT);
   }
 }
@@ -5015,8 +5052,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::CLZeroOp(OpcodeArgs) {
     UnimplementedOp(Op);
     return;
   }
-  Ref DestMem = LoadSourceGPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.LoadData = false});
-  _CacheLineZero(DestMem);
+  _CacheLineZero(LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX));
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::Prefetch(OpcodeArgs, bool ForStore, bool Stream, uint8_t Level) {
@@ -5083,7 +5119,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::CRC32(OpcodeArgs) {
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::RDRANDOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Reseed) {
-  if (!CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND) {
+  if (!CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsRAND && !CTX->SoftwareRNGEnabled()) {
     UnimplementedOp(Op);
     return;
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher.h

@@ -202,9 +202,10 @@ public:
     FlushRegisterCache();
     return _ExitFunction(GetOpSize(NewRIP), NewRIP, Hint, InvalidNode, InvalidNode);
   }
-  IRPair<IROp_ExitFunction> ExitFunction(Ref NewRIP, BranchHint Hint, Ref CallReturnAddress, Ref CallReturnBlock) {
+  IRPair<IROp_ExitFunction> ExitFunction(Ref NewRIP, BranchHint Hint, Ref CallReturnAddress, Ref CallReturnBlock,
+                                         uint64_t PatchSiteAddress = 0, uint64_t PatchSiteSize = 0) {
     FlushRegisterCache();
-    return _ExitFunction(GetOpSize(NewRIP), NewRIP, Hint, CallReturnAddress, CallReturnBlock);
+    return _ExitFunction(GetOpSize(NewRIP), NewRIP, Hint, CallReturnAddress, CallReturnBlock, PatchSiteAddress, PatchSiteSize);
   }
   IRPair<IROp_Break> Break(BreakDefinition Reason) {
     FlushRegisterCache();
@@ -360,8 +361,10 @@ public:
   void MOVGPRNTOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVVectorAlignedOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVVectorUnalignedOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  void MOVVectorUnalignedNoNopOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVVectorNTOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsAVX);
-  void ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::IR::IROps AtomicFetchOp, unsigned SrcIdx);
+  void ALURAXOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp);
+  void ALUOp(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps ALUIROp, FEXCore::IR::IROps AtomicFetchOp, unsigned SrcIdx, bool DestRAX);
   void LSLOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void INTOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void SyscallOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsSyscallInst);
@@ -372,8 +375,8 @@ public:
   void IRETOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void CallbackReturnOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void SecondaryALUOp(OpcodeArgs);
-  void ADCOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex);
-  void SBBOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex);
+  void ADCOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX);
+  void SBBOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX);
   void SALCOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void PUSHOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void PUSHREGOp(OpcodeArgs);
@@ -393,16 +396,18 @@ public:
   void JUMPFARIndirectOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void CALLFARIndirectOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void RETFARIndirectOp(OpcodeArgs);
-  void TESTOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex);
+  void TESTOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX);
   void ARPLOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVSXDOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVSXOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVZXOp(OpcodeArgs);
-  void CMPOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex);
+  void CMPOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, bool DestRAX);
   void SETccOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void CQOOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void CDQOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  std::optional<Ref> XCHGOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, Ref Src);
   void XCHGOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  void XCHGRAXOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void SAHFOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void LAHFOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void MOVSegOp(OpcodeArgs, bool ToSeg);
@@ -424,11 +429,11 @@ public:
   void RotateOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Left, bool IsImmediate, bool Is1Bit);
   void RCROp1Bit(OpcodeArgs);
   void RCROp8x1Bit(OpcodeArgs);
-  void RCROp(OpcodeArgs);
-  void RCRSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  void RCROp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX);
+  void RCRSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX);
   void RCLOp1Bit(OpcodeArgs);
-  void RCLOp(OpcodeArgs);
-  void RCLSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  void RCLOp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX);
+  void RCLSmallerOp(OpcodeArgs, bool UseRCX);
 
   void BTOp(OpcodeArgs, uint32_t SrcIndex, enum BTAction Action);
 
@@ -663,6 +668,8 @@ public:
 
   void VPMADDUBSWOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void VPMADDWDOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  void VPDPBUSDOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating);
+  void VPDPWSSDOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating);
 
   void VPMASKMOVOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsStore);
 
@@ -739,7 +746,7 @@ public:
   void X87FLDCW(OpcodeArgs);
   void X87FNSAVE(OpcodeArgs);
   void X87FNSTENV(OpcodeArgs);
-  void X87FNSTSW(OpcodeArgs);
+  void X87FNSTSW(OpcodeArgs, bool DestRAX);
   void X87FRSTOR(OpcodeArgs);
   void X87FSTCW(OpcodeArgs);
   void X87FXAM(OpcodeArgs);
@@ -799,6 +806,7 @@ public:
   void VPFCMPOp(OpcodeArgs, uint8_t CompType);
   void PI2FWOp(OpcodeArgs);
   void PF2IWOp(OpcodeArgs);
+  void PF2IDOp(OpcodeArgs);
 
   void PMULHRWOp(OpcodeArgs);
 
@@ -1033,6 +1041,9 @@ public:
 
   void AVX128_VPMADDUBSW(OpcodeArgs);
   void AVX128_VPMADDWD(OpcodeArgs);
+  void AVX128_VPDPImpl(OpcodeArgs, std::function<Ref(Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2)> Helper);
+  void AVX128_VPDPBUSD(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating);
+  void AVX128_VPDPWSSD(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating);
 
   void AVX128_VBLEND(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize ElementSize);
 
@@ -1381,6 +1392,11 @@ private:
                     const X86Tables::DecodedOperand& Imm, bool IsAVX);
 
   void PCMPXSTRXOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, bool IsExplicit, bool IsMask, bool IsAVX);
+  Ref PCMPXSTRXSaturateExplicitLength(IR::OpSize ElementSize, IR::OpSize LengthSize, Ref RawLength);
+  Ref PCMPXSTRXEqualAny(IR::OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Src2ValidElements);
+  Ref PCMPXSTRXRanges(IR::OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Src2ValidElements, bool IsSigned);
+  Ref PCMPXSTRXEqualEach(IR::OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Src2ValidElements);
+  Ref PCMPXSTRXEqualOrdered(IR::OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1Length, Ref Src2Length, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Indices);
 
   Ref PHADDSOpImpl(OpSize Size, Ref Src1, Ref Src2);
 
@@ -1397,6 +1413,10 @@ private:
 
   Ref PMADDUBSWOpImpl(IR::OpSize Size, Ref Src1, Ref Src2);
 
+  Ref VPDPBUSDOpImpl(IR::OpSize Size, Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, bool Saturating);
+
+  Ref VPDPWSSDOpImpl(IR::OpSize Size, Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, bool Saturating);
+
   Ref PMULHRSWOpImpl(OpSize Size, Ref Src1, Ref Src2);
 
   Ref PMULHWOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, bool Signed, Ref Src1, Ref Src2);
@@ -1498,6 +1518,20 @@ private:
   void StoreGPRRegister(uint32_t GPR, const Ref Src, IR::OpSize Size = OpSize::iInvalid, uint8_t Offset = 0);
   void StoreXMMRegister(uint32_t XMM, const Ref Src);
 
+  // Matches semantics around GPR storing that matches `StoreResult_WithOpSize` behaviour.
+  void StoreGPRResultWithZExtSemantics(uint32_t GPR, Ref Src, IR::OpSize OpSize) {
+    const auto GPRSize = GetGPROpSize();
+
+    if (GPRSize == OpSize::i64Bit && OpSize == OpSize::i32Bit) {
+      // If the Source IR op is 64 bits, we need to zext the upper bits
+      // For all other sizes, the upper bits are guaranteed to already be zero
+      Src = GetOpSize(Src) == OpSize::i64Bit ? ARef(Src).Bfe(0, 32).Ref() : Src;
+      StoreGPRRegister(GPR, Src, GPRSize);
+    } else {
+      StoreGPRRegister(GPR, Src, std::min(GPRSize, OpSize));
+    }
+  }
+
   Ref _GetRelocatedPC(const FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, int64_t Offset, bool Inline) {
     const auto GPRSize = GetGPROpSize();
     const auto Offs = Op->PC + Op->InstSize + Offset - Entry;
@@ -1508,18 +1542,24 @@ private:
     return _GetRelocatedPC(Op, Offset, false);
   }
 
-  void ExitRelocatedPC(const FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, int64_t Offset = 0) {
-    ExitFunction(_GetRelocatedPC(Op, Offset, true /* Inline */));
+  void ExitRelocatedPC(const FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, int64_t Offset, BranchHint Hint, Ref CallReturnAddress, Ref CallReturnBlock) {
+    uint64_t PatchOffset = 0;
+    uint64_t PatchSize = 0;
+    if (Op->Src[0].IsLiteralPatchable() && Offset && Offset == (int64_t)Op->Src[0].Literal()) {
+      PatchOffset = Op->PC + Op->Src[0].Data.LiteralPatchable.FieldOffset;
+      PatchSize = Op->Src[0].Data.LiteralPatchable.Width;
+    }
+    ExitFunction(_GetRelocatedPC(Op, Offset, true /* Inline */), Hint, CallReturnAddress, CallReturnBlock, PatchOffset, PatchSize);
   }
 
-  void ExitRelocatedPC(const FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, int64_t Offset, BranchHint Hint, Ref CallReturnAddress, Ref CallReturnBlock) {
-    ExitFunction(_GetRelocatedPC(Op, Offset, true /* Inline */), Hint, CallReturnAddress, CallReturnBlock);
+  void ExitRelocatedPC(const FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodedOp& Op, int64_t Offset = 0) {
+    ExitRelocatedPC(Op, Offset, BranchHint::None, InvalidNode, InvalidNode);
   }
 
   [[nodiscard]]
   static bool IsOperandMem(const X86Tables::DecodedOperand& Operand, bool Load) {
     // Literals are immediates as sources but memory addresses as destinations.
-    return !(Load && (Operand.IsLiteral() || Operand.IsLiteralRelocation())) && !Operand.IsGPR();
+    return !(Load && (Operand.IsLiteral() || Operand.IsLiteralRelocation() || Operand.IsLiteralPatchable())) && !Operand.IsGPR();
   }
 
   [[nodiscard]]
@@ -2131,16 +2171,16 @@ private:
   }
 
   // Compares two floats and sets flags for a COMISS instruction
-  void Comiss(IR::OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, bool InvalidateAF = false) {
+  void Comiss(IR::OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2) {
     // First, set flags according to Arm FCMP.
     HandleNZCVWrite();
     _FCmp(ElementSize, Src1, Src2);
     CFInverted = false;
-    ComissFlags(InvalidateAF);
+    ComissFlags();
   }
 
   // Sets flags for a COMISS instruction
-  void ComissFlags(bool InvalidateAF = false) {
+  void ComissFlags() {
     LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!NZCVDirty, "only expected after fcmp");
 
     // We need to set PF according to the unordered flag. We'd rather do this
@@ -2155,12 +2195,15 @@ private:
     Ref V_inv = GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC, true);
     SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_PF_RAW_LOC>(V_inv);
 
-    if (!InvalidateAF) {
-      // Zero AF. Note that the comparison sets the raw PF to 0/1 above, so
-      // PF[4] is 0 so the XOR with PF will have no effect, so setting the AF
-      // byte to zero will indeed zero AF as intended.
-      SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_AF_RAW_LOC>(Constant(0));
-    }
+    // Intel: OF, SF, and AF set to zero
+    // AMD:   no mention of OF, SF and AF but actual hardware seems to always zero
+    //
+    // Zero AF. Note that the comparison sets the raw PF to 0/1 above, so
+    // PF[4] is 0 so the XOR with PF will have no effect, so setting the AF
+    // byte to zero will indeed zero AF as intended.
+    // OF and SF are zeroed:
+    // _AXFLAG always produces N=0 (SF), V=0 (OF)
+    SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_AF_RAW_LOC>(Constant(0));
 
     // Convert NZCV from the Arm representation to an eXternal representation
     // that's totally not a euphemism for x86, nuh-uh. But maps to exactly we
@@ -2372,7 +2415,7 @@ private:
   void CalculateFlags_MUL(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res, Ref High);
   void CalculateFlags_UMUL(Ref High);
   void CalculateFlags_Logical(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res);
-  void CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift);
+  void CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift, bool DoubleWide = false);
   void CalculateFlags_ShiftRightImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift);
   void CalculateFlags_ShiftRightDoubleImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift);
   void CalculateFlags_ShiftRightImmediateCommon(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift);

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/AVX_128.cpp

@@ -1470,6 +1470,35 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPMADDWD(OpcodeArgs) {
                           [this](IR::OpSize _ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2) { return PMADDWDOpImpl(OpSize::i128Bit, Src1, Src2); });
 }
 
+void OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPImpl(OpcodeArgs, std::function<Ref(Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2)> Helper) {
+  const auto Size = OpSizeFromDst(Op);
+  const auto Is128Bit = Size == OpSize::i128Bit;
+
+  auto Acc = AVX128_LoadSource_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags, !Is128Bit);
+  auto Src1 = AVX128_LoadSource_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, !Is128Bit);
+  auto Src2 = AVX128_LoadSource_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags, !Is128Bit);
+
+  RefPair Result {};
+  Result.Low = Helper(Acc.Low, Src1.Low, Src2.Low);
+  if (Is128Bit) {
+    Result.High = LoadZeroVector(OpSize::i128Bit);
+  } else {
+    Result.High = Helper(Acc.High, Src1.High, Src2.High);
+  }
+
+  AVX128_StoreResult_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, Result);
+}
+
+void OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPBUSD(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating) {
+  AVX128_VPDPImpl(Op,
+                  [this, Saturating](Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2) { return VPDPBUSDOpImpl(OpSize::i128Bit, Acc, Src1, Src2, Saturating); });
+}
+
+void OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPWSSD(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating) {
+  AVX128_VPDPImpl(Op,
+                  [this, Saturating](Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2) { return VPDPWSSDOpImpl(OpSize::i128Bit, Acc, Src1, Src2, Saturating); });
+}
+
 void OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VBLEND(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize ElementSize) {
   const auto SrcSize = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
   const auto Is128Bit = SrcSize == OpSize::i128Bit;

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/BaseTables.h

@@ -5,21 +5,30 @@
 namespace FEXCore::IR {
 constexpr inline DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_BaseOpTable[] = {
   // Instructions
-  {0x00, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ADD, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHADD, 0>},
+  {0x00, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ADD, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHADD, 0, false>},
+  {0x04, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ADD, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHADD, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x08, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_OR, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHOR, 0>},
+  {0x08, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_OR, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHOR, 0, false>},
+  {0x0c, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_OR, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHOR, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x10, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 0>},
+  {0x10, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 0, false>},
+  {0x14, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x18, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 0>},
+  {0x18, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 0, false>},
+  {0x1c, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x20, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ANDWITHFLAGS, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHAND, 0>},
+  {0x20, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ANDWITHFLAGS, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHAND, 0, false>},
+  {0x24, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ANDWITHFLAGS, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHAND, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x28, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_SUB, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHSUB, 0>},
+  {0x28, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_SUB, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHSUB, 0, false>},
+  {0x2c, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_SUB, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHSUB, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x30, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_XOR, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHXOR, 0>},
+  {0x30, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_XOR, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHXOR, 0, false>},
+  {0x34, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ALUOp, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_XOR, FEXCore::IR::IROps::OP_ATOMICFETCHXOR, 0, true>},
+
+  {0x38, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 0, false>},
+  {0x3c, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 0, true>},
 
-  {0x38, 6, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 0>},
   {0x50, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::PUSHREGOp},
   {0x58, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::POPOp},
   {0x68, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::PUSHOp},
@@ -29,7 +38,7 @@ constexpr inline DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_BaseOpTable[] = {
   {0x6C, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::PermissionRestrictedOp},
 
   {0x70, 16, &OpDispatchBuilder::CondJUMPOp},
-  {0x84, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 0>},
+  {0x84, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 0, false>},
   {0x86, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGOp},
   {0x88, 4, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::MOVGPROp, 0>},
 
@@ -37,7 +46,7 @@ constexpr inline DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_BaseOpTable[] = {
   {0x8D, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::LEAOp},
   {0x8E, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::MOVSegOp, true>},
   {0x8F, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::POPOp},
-  {0x90, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGOp},
+  {0x90, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::XCHGRAXOp},
 
   {0x98, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::CDQOp},
   {0x99, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::CQOOp},
@@ -49,7 +58,7 @@ constexpr inline DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_BaseOpTable[] = {
   {0xA4, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVSOp},
 
   {0xA6, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::CMPSOp},
-  {0xA8, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 0>},
+  {0xA8, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 0, true>},
   {0xAA, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::STOSOp},
   {0xAC, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::LODSOp},
   {0xAE, 2, &OpDispatchBuilder::SCASOp},

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/DDDTables.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_DDDTable[] = {
   {0x0C, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::PI2FWOp},
   {0x0D, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::Vector_CVT_Int_To_Float, OpSize::i32Bit, false, false>},
   {0x1C, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::PF2IWOp},
-  {0x1D, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::Vector_CVT_Float_To_Int, OpSize::i32Bit, false, false>},
+  {0x1D, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::PF2IDOp},
 
   {0x86, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VectorUnaryOp, IR::OP_VFRECPPRECISION, OpSize::i32Bit>},
   {0x87, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RSqrt3DNowOp, false>},
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_DDDTable[] = {
   {0xA0, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VPFCMPOp, 2>},
   {0xA4, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VectorALUOp, IR::OP_VFMAX, OpSize::i32Bit>},
   // Can be treated as a move
-  {0xA6, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedOp},
-  {0xA7, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedOp},
+  {0xA6, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedNoNopOp},
+  {0xA7, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedNoNopOp},
 
   {0xAA, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VectorALUROp, IR::OP_VFSUB, OpSize::i32Bit>},
   {0xAE, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VectorALUOp, IR::OP_VFADDP, OpSize::i32Bit>},
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_DDDTable[] = {
   {0xB0, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VPFCMPOp, 0>},
   {0xB4, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VectorALUOp, IR::OP_VFMUL, OpSize::i32Bit>},
   // Can be treated as a move
-  {0xB6, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedOp},
+  {0xB6, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedNoNopOp},
   {0xB7, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::PMULHRWOp},
 
   {0xBB, 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::PSWAPDOp},

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/Flags.cpp

@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::CalculateFlags_Logical(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref Res) {
   SetNZP_ZeroCV(SrcSize, Res);
 }
 
-void OpDispatchBuilder::CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref UnmaskedRes, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Ref UnmaskedRes, Ref Src1, uint64_t Shift, bool DoubleWide) {
   // No flags changed if shift is zero
   if (Shift == 0) {
     return;
@@ -447,8 +447,12 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::CalculateFlags_ShiftLeftImmediate(IR::OpSize SrcSize, Re
     // Extract the last bit shifted in to CF. Shift is already masked, but for
     // 8/16-bit it might be >= SrcSizeBits, in which case CF is cleared. There's
     // nothing to do in that case since we already cleared CF above.
+    //
+    // - Double-wide shift has UB when shift is GREATER-THAN operand.
+    // - Single-wide shift has UB when shift is GREATER-THAN-EQUAL operand.
     const auto SrcSizeBits = IR::OpSizeAsBits(SrcSize);
-    if (Shift < SrcSizeBits) {
+    const bool ShouldSetCF = DoubleWide ? (Shift <= SrcSizeBits) : (Shift < SrcSizeBits);
+    if (ShouldSetCF) {
       SetCFDirect(Src1, SrcSizeBits - Shift, true);
     }
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/PrimaryGroupTables.h

@@ -9,36 +9,36 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_PrimaryGroupTables[] = {
   // GROUP 1
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1>}, // CMP
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1, false>},
 
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1, false>},
 
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SecondaryALUOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x83), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1, false>},
 
   // GROUP 2
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, true, true, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, false, true, false>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SHLImmediateOp, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SHRImmediateOp, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC0), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SHLImmediateOp, false>}, // SAL
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_PrimaryGroupTables[] = {
 
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, true, true, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, false, true, false>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SHLImmediateOp, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SHRImmediateOp, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xC1), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::SHLImmediateOp, false>}, // SAL
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_PrimaryGroupTables[] = {
 
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, true, false, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, false, false, false>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCLSmallerOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCRSmallerOp},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCLSmallerOp, true>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCRSmallerOp, true>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SHLOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SHROp}, // SHR by CL
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SHLOp}, // SAL
@@ -82,16 +82,16 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_PrimaryGroupTables[] = {
 
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, true, false, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RotateOp, false, false, false>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCLOp, true>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::RCROp, true>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SHLOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 5), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SHROp}, // SHR by CL
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::SHLOp}, // SAL
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::ASHROp, false, false>}, // SAR
 
   // GROUP 3
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::NOTOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::NEGOp}, // NEG
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 4), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::MULOp},
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ constexpr DispatchTableEntry OpDispatch_PrimaryGroupTables[] = {
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 6), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::DIVOp},  // DIV
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 7), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::IDIVOp}, // IDIV
 
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1>},
-  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 0), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1, false>},
+  {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 1), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::TESTOp, 1, false>},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 2), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::NOTOp},
   {OPD(FEXCore::X86Tables::TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 3), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::NEGOp}, // NEG
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/Vector.cpp

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ $end_info$
 
 #include "Interface/Context/Context.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher.h"
+#include "Interface/Core/Interpreter/Fallbacks/VectorFallbacks.h"
 #include "Interface/Core/X86Tables/X86Tables.h"
 #include "Interface/IR/IR.h"
 
@@ -42,6 +43,12 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   StoreResult_WithAVXInsert(VectorOpType::SSE, RegClass::FPR, Op, Src);
 }
 
+void OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorUnalignedNoNopOp(OpcodeArgs) {
+  // Moves to same register might have secondary-effects and can't convert to a nop.
+  Ref Src = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags, {.Align = OpSize::i8Bit});
+  StoreResult_WithAVXInsert(VectorOpType::SSE, RegClass::FPR, Op, Src);
+}
+
 void OpDispatchBuilder::MOVVectorNTOp(OpcodeArgs, bool IsAVX) {
   const auto Size = OpSizeFromDst(Op);
 
@@ -3243,9 +3250,10 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RestoreX87State(Ref MemBase) {
   auto NewFCW = _LoadMemGPR(OpSize::i16Bit, MemBase, OpSize::i16Bit);
   _StoreContextGPR(OpSize::i16Bit, NewFCW, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CPUState, FCW));
 
+  Ref Top {};
   {
     auto NewFSW = _LoadMemGPR(OpSize::i16Bit, MemBase, Constant(2), OpSize::i16Bit, MemOffsetType::SXTX, 1);
-    ReconstructX87StateFromFSW_Helper(NewFSW);
+    Top = ReconstructX87StateFromFSW_Helper(NewFSW);
   }
 
   {
@@ -3254,10 +3262,21 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::RestoreX87State(Ref MemBase) {
     _StoreContextGPR(OpSize::i8Bit, NewFTW, offsetof(FEXCore::Core::CPUState, AbridgedFTW));
   }
 
-  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < Core::CPUState::NUM_MMS; i += 2) {
-    auto MMRegs = LoadMemPairFPR(OpSize::i128Bit, MemBase, i * 16 + 32);
-    _StoreContextFPR(OpSize::i128Bit, MMRegs.Low, MMBaseOffset() + i * 16);
-    _StoreContextFPR(OpSize::i128Bit, MMRegs.High, MMBaseOffset() + (i + 1) * 16);
+  auto SevenConst = Constant(7);
+  auto low = Constant(~0ULL);
+  auto high = Constant(0xFFFF);
+  Ref Mask = _VLoadTwoGPRs(low, high);
+  const auto StoreSize = ReducedPrecisionMode ? OpSize::i64Bit : OpSize::i128Bit;
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < Core::CPUState::NUM_MMS; ++i) {
+    Ref Reg = _LoadMemFPR(OpSize::i128Bit, MemBase, Constant(16 * i + 32), OpSize::i8Bit, MemOffsetType::SXTX, 1);
+    // Mask off the top bits
+    Reg = _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Reg, Mask);
+    if (ReducedPrecisionMode) {
+      // Convert to double precision
+      Reg = _F80CVT(OpSize::i64Bit, Reg);
+    }
+    _StoreContextFPRIndexed(Reg, Top, StoreSize, MMBaseOffset(), IR::OpSizeToSize(OpSize::i128Bit));
+    Top = _And(OpSize::i32Bit, Add(OpSize::i32Bit, Top, 1), SevenConst);
   }
 }
 
@@ -3583,15 +3602,25 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::PF2IWOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   // Float to int32_t
   Src = _Vector_FToZS(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Src);
 
-  // We now need to transpose the lower 16-bits of each element together
-  // Only needing to move the upper element down in this case
-  Src = _VUnZip(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src, Src);
+  // Truncate the 32-bit integers to 16-bit
+  // Saturate values outside the 16-bit range to smallest and largest 16-bit values
+  Src = _VSQXTN(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Src);
 
   // Now we need to sign extend the 16bit value to 32-bit
   Src = _VSXTL(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src);
   StoreResultFPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, Src, Size);
 }
 
+void OpDispatchBuilder::PF2IDOp(OpcodeArgs) {
+  Ref Src = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags);
+
+  const auto Size = OpSizeFromDst(Op);
+
+  Src = _Vector_FToZS(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Src);
+
+  StoreResultFPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, Src, Size);
+}
+
 void OpDispatchBuilder::PMULHRWOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   const auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
 
@@ -3744,6 +3773,84 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::VPMADDUBSWOp(OpcodeArgs) {
   StoreResultFPR(Op, Result);
 }
 
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPBUSDOpImpl(IR::OpSize Size, Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, bool Saturating) {
+  // Does four 8-bit unsigned * signed byte multiplies per 32-bit element, sums them and accumulates in to the destination
+
+  if (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsI8MM) {
+    // The I8MM extension maps onto VPDP* almost directly.
+    if (!Saturating) {
+      return _VUSDot(Size, Acc, Src1, Src2);
+    }
+
+    auto DotProduct = _VUSDot(Size, LoadZeroVector(Size), Src1, Src2);
+    return _VSQAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Acc, DotProduct);
+  }
+
+  if (CTX->HostFeatures.SupportsDotProd) {
+    // VSDOT assumes signed input, so we need to convert Src1 to signed, and then
+    // perform correction afterwards using 0x40 to account for the unsigned input.
+    auto Src1Signed = _VXor(Size, Src1, _VectorImm(Size, OpSize::i8Bit, 0x80));
+    auto SixtyFour = _VectorImm(Size, OpSize::i8Bit, 0x40);
+
+    auto DotProduct = _VSDot(Size, Saturating ? LoadZeroVector(Size) : Acc, Src2, SixtyFour);
+    DotProduct = _VSDot(Size, DotProduct, Src2, SixtyFour);
+    DotProduct = _VSDot(Size, DotProduct, Src1Signed, Src2);
+    if (Saturating) {
+      return _VSQAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Acc, DotProduct);
+    }
+    return DotProduct;
+  }
+
+  // Naive software implementation.
+  auto Even = _VUnZip(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
+  auto Even1_16b = _VUXTL(Size, OpSize::i8Bit, Even);
+  auto Even2_16b = _VSXTL2(Size, OpSize::i8Bit, Even);
+  auto ResMul_Even = _VMul(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Even1_16b, Even2_16b);
+
+  auto Odd = _VUnZip2(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
+  auto Odd1_16b = _VUXTL(Size, OpSize::i8Bit, Odd);
+  auto Odd2_16b = _VSXTL2(Size, OpSize::i8Bit, Odd);
+  auto ResMul_Odd = _VMul(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Odd1_16b, Odd2_16b);
+
+  auto DotProduct = _VSAdALP(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, _VSAddLP(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, ResMul_Even), ResMul_Odd);
+  if (Saturating) {
+    return _VSQAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Acc, DotProduct);
+  }
+  return _VAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Acc, DotProduct);
+}
+
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPWSSDOpImpl(IR::OpSize Size, Ref Acc, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, bool Saturating) {
+  auto DotProduct = PMADDWDOpImpl(Size, Src1, Src2);
+  if (!Saturating) {
+    return _VAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Acc, DotProduct);
+  }
+
+  auto NegDotProduct = _VNeg(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, DotProduct);
+  return _VSQSub(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Acc, NegDotProduct);
+}
+
+void OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPBUSDOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating) {
+  const auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
+
+  Ref Acc = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags);
+  Ref Src1 = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags);
+  Ref Src2 = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags);
+
+  Ref Result = VPDPBUSDOpImpl(Size, Acc, Src1, Src2, Saturating);
+  StoreResultFPR(Op, Result);
+}
+
+void OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPWSSDOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Saturating) {
+  const auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
+
+  Ref Acc = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Dest, Op->Flags);
+  Ref Src1 = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Src[0], Op->Flags);
+  Ref Src2 = LoadSourceFPR(Op, Op->Src[1], Op->Flags);
+
+  Ref Result = VPDPWSSDOpImpl(Size, Acc, Src1, Src2, Saturating);
+  StoreResultFPR(Op, Result);
+}
+
 Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PMULHWOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, bool Signed, Ref Src1, Ref Src2) {
   const auto Size = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
   if (Signed) {
@@ -3776,32 +3883,14 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::VPMULHWOp(OpcodeArgs, bool Signed) {
 }
 
 Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PMULHRSWOpImpl(OpSize Size, Ref Src1, Ref Src2) {
-  Ref Res {};
   if (Size == OpSize::i64Bit) {
     // Implementation is more efficient for 8byte registers
-    Res = _VSMull(Size << 1, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
-    Res = _VSShrI(Size << 1, OpSize::i32Bit, Res, 14);
-    auto OneVector = _VectorImm(Size << 1, OpSize::i32Bit, 1);
-    Res = _VAdd(Size << 1, OpSize::i32Bit, Res, OneVector);
-    return _VUShrNI(Size << 1, OpSize::i32Bit, Res, 1);
+    Ref Res = _VSMull(Size << 1, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
+    return _VRSHRN(Size << 1, OpSize::i32Bit, Res, 15);
   } else {
-    // 128-bit and 256-bit are less efficient
-    Ref ResultLow;
-    Ref ResultHigh;
-
-    ResultLow = _VSMull(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
-    ResultHigh = _VSMull2(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
-
-    ResultLow = _VSShrI(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, ResultLow, 14);
-    ResultHigh = _VSShrI(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, ResultHigh, 14);
-    auto OneVector = _VectorImm(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, 1);
-
-    ResultLow = _VAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, ResultLow, OneVector);
-    ResultHigh = _VAdd(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, ResultHigh, OneVector);
-
-    // Combine the results
-    Res = _VUShrNI(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, ResultLow, 1);
-    return _VUShrNI2(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, Res, ResultHigh, 1);
+    Ref ResultLow = _VSMull(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
+    Ref ResultHigh = _VSMull2(Size, OpSize::i16Bit, Src1, Src2);
+    return _VRSHRNPair(Size, OpSize::i32Bit, ResultLow, ResultHigh, 15);
   }
 }
 
@@ -5362,6 +5451,132 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::VPERMILRegOp(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize ElementSize) {
   StoreResultFPR(Op, Result);
 }
 
+// Computes the number of valid elements in a string for the explicit case,
+// where "valid" means that the character is not after the Nth character in the string.
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXSaturateExplicitLength(OpSize ElementSize, OpSize LengthSize, Ref RawLength) {
+  const uint32_t NumElements = IR::NumElements(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize);
+
+  SaveNZCV();
+  _SubNZCV(LengthSize, RawLength, Constant(0));
+  Ref AbsLength = _Neg(LengthSize, RawLength, CondClass::MI);
+  return _Select(OpSize::i32Bit, LengthSize, CondClass::ULT, AbsLength, Constant(NumElements), AbsLength, Constant(NumElements));
+}
+
+// Equal Any is a "is character in set" operation.
+// The set of characters is passed in Src1, and we then check if every
+// character in Src2 is in that set.
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXEqualAny(OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Src2ValidElements) {
+  const uint32_t NumElements = IR::NumElements(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize);
+
+  // First we sanitize Src1, and zero out elements after the end of the string,
+  // removing them from the matching set.
+  Ref Src1Element0 = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1, 0);
+  Ref SanitizedSrc1 = _VBSL(OpSize::i128Bit, Src1ValidElements, Src1, Src1Element0);
+
+  // Now walk through every element in Src1, broadcast it into a temporary vector,
+  // and compare it against every element in Src2, then OR the results
+  // together to get the final match vector.
+  Ref Matches = _VCMPEQ(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2, Src1Element0);
+  for (uint32_t i = 1; i < NumElements; i++) {
+    Ref Src1Element = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, SanitizedSrc1, i);
+    Ref ElementMatches = _VCMPEQ(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2, Src1Element);
+    Matches = _VOr(OpSize::i128Bit, Matches, ElementMatches);
+  }
+
+  // Handle the case where Src1 was entirely empty, and also sanitize the results
+  // for any NULLs in Src2, since those don't count towards matching.
+  Ref Src1NotEmpty = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1ValidElements, 0);
+  Matches = _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Matches, Src1NotEmpty);
+  return _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Matches, Src2ValidElements);
+}
+
+
+// The ranges aggregation is a weird one. It checks if every character in Src2 is
+// within a character range (ie. a-z or A-Z) similar to regex.
+// Ranges are passed in Src1 as pairs of characters in adjacent lanes.
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXRanges(OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Src2ValidElements, bool IsSigned) {
+  const uint32_t NumElements = IR::NumElements(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize);
+
+  // Signed or unsigned greater than comparison, based on the Imm8 value
+  const auto GreaterThan = [&](Ref Lhs, Ref Rhs) {
+    return IsSigned ? _VCMPGT(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Lhs, Rhs) : _VUCMPGT(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Lhs, Rhs);
+  };
+
+  // First we walk through the ranges from Src1, and construct
+  // temporary vectors to represent the lower and upper bounds
+  // of the comparison. Then check if both comparisons are true,
+  // zero out invalid lanes, and OR the result into the final result vector.
+  Ref Result {};
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumElements; i += 2) {
+    Ref LowerBound = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1, i);
+    Ref UpperBound = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1, i + 1);
+    Ref BelowLower = GreaterThan(LowerBound, Src2);
+    Ref AboveUpper = GreaterThan(Src2, UpperBound);
+
+    // A range is only valid if its upper bound is a valid Src1 element.
+    Ref RangeValid = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1ValidElements, i + 1);
+
+    // RangeValid & ~BelowLower & ~AboveUpper
+    Ref InRange = _VAndn(OpSize::i128Bit, RangeValid, BelowLower);
+    InRange = _VAndn(OpSize::i128Bit, InRange, AboveUpper);
+    Result = Result ? _VOr(OpSize::i128Bit, Result, InRange) : InRange;
+  }
+
+  // Invalid (ie. NULL) Src2 characters don't count towards matching.
+  return _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Result, Src2ValidElements);
+}
+
+// This aggregation is the simplest, and is the most similar
+// to strcmp(). It Just compares lanewise which characters are
+// equal in each string.
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXEqualEach(OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1ValidElements, Ref Src2ValidElements) {
+  // Elements match when both are valid and equal, or when both are invalid.
+  Ref Equal = _VCMPEQ(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1, Src2);
+  Ref BothValid = _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Src1ValidElements, Src2ValidElements);
+  Ref EitherValid = _VOr(OpSize::i128Bit, Src1ValidElements, Src2ValidElements);
+  Ref ValidMatches = _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Equal, BothValid);
+  return _VOrn(OpSize::i128Bit, ValidMatches, EitherValid);
+}
+
+// EqualOrdered implements a strstr()-like semantic finding all instances
+// of the string Src1 in Src2.
+Ref OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXEqualOrdered(OpSize ElementSize, Ref Src1, Ref Src2, Ref Src1Length, Ref Src2Length, Ref Src1ValidElements,
+                                             Ref Indices) {
+  const uint32_t NumElements = IR::NumElements(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize);
+
+  // Broadcast needle[i] into every lane of a temp vector, then compare it to
+  // the haystack vector. On succesive iterations, we shift the haystack over
+  // by one element, and compare it against the next needle element.
+  // AND together the results of all comparisons, and what is left should
+  // be a vector where the only 'true' elements are lanes where the full
+  // needle was found in the haystack, or those positions after the end of the string.
+  Ref Result {};
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumElements; i++) {
+    Ref Needle = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1, i);
+    Ref Haystack = i == 0 ? Src2 : _VExtr(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Needle, Src2, i);
+    Ref ElementsEqual = _VCMPEQ(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Haystack, Needle);
+
+    // TODO: I think a more optimal version of this is possible, perhaps using
+    // MATCH from SVE2?
+    Ref ElementsValid = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1ValidElements, i);
+    Ref ElementsEqualValid = _VOrn(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementsEqual, ElementsValid);
+
+    // Ternary to handle the first row case
+    Result = Result ? _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Result, ElementsEqualValid) : ElementsEqualValid;
+  }
+
+  // Clear positions in the result after the end of the string.
+  Ref FirstClearedPosition = Add(OpSize::i32Bit, _Sub(OpSize::i32Bit, Src2Length, Src1Length), 1);
+  FirstClearedPosition =
+    _Select(OpSize::i32Bit, OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::ULT, Src2Length, Constant(NumElements), FirstClearedPosition, Constant(NumElements));
+  FirstClearedPosition =
+    _Select(OpSize::i32Bit, OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::EQ, Src1Length, Constant(0), Constant(NumElements), FirstClearedPosition);
+
+  Ref FirstClearedPositionVector = _VDupFromGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, FirstClearedPosition);
+  Ref KeptPositions = _VCMPGT(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, FirstClearedPositionVector, Indices);
+  return _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Result, KeptPositions);
+}
+
 void OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, bool IsExplicit, bool IsMask, bool IsAVX) {
   const uint16_t Control = Op->Src[1].Literal();
 
@@ -5374,84 +5589,166 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::PCMPXSTRXOpImpl(OpcodeArgs, bool IsExplicit, bool IsMask
   Ref Src1 = LoadSourceFPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Dest, OpSize::i128Bit, Op->Flags);
   Ref Src2 = LoadSourceFPR_WithOpSize(Op, Op->Src[0], OpSize::i128Bit, Op->Flags, {.Align = OpSize::i8Bit});
 
-  Ref IntermediateResult {};
+  // Parse the immediate control bits.
+  // See section 4.1 in Intel SDM for details.
+  const auto Format = static_cast<CPU::SourceData>(Control & 0b11);
+  const auto Aggregation = static_cast<CPU::AggregationOp>((Control >> 2) & 0b11);
+  const auto Polarity = static_cast<CPU::Polarity>((Control >> 4) & 0b11);
+  const bool OutputSelection = (Control & (1 << 6)) != 0;
+
+  // Helper constants
+  const bool IsWords = Format == CPU::SourceData::U16 || Format == CPU::SourceData::S16;
+  const bool IsSigned = Format == CPU::SourceData::S8 || Format == CPU::SourceData::S16;
+  const auto ElementSize = IsWords ? OpSize::i16Bit : OpSize::i8Bit;
+  const bool IsEqualOrdered = Aggregation == CPU::AggregationOp::EqualOrdered;
+  const bool NeedsSrc1ValidElements = true;
+  const bool NeedsSrc2ValidElements = !IsEqualOrdered || Polarity == CPU::Polarity::NegativeMasked;
+  const uint32_t NumElements = IR::NumElements(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize);
+
+  // Load a vector where each element contains the value of its own index
+  Ref Indices = LoadAndCacheNamedVectorConstant(OpSize::i128Bit, IsWords ? NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U16_INDEX : NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U8_INDEX);
+
+  // Helper lambda that computes the lowest index element set "all high" in mask.
+  Ref VecNumElements {};
+  const auto LowestIndex = [&](Ref Mask) {
+    if (!VecNumElements) {
+      VecNumElements = _VectorImm(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, NumElements);
+    }
+    Ref Candidates = _VBSL(OpSize::i128Bit, Mask, Indices, VecNumElements);
+    return _VUMinV(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Candidates);
+  };
+
+  Ref Src1Length {};
+  Ref Src2Length {};
+  Ref Src2LengthVector {};
+  Ref Src1ValidElementsMask {};
+
+  // Compute the valid element masks for the two source strings.
   if (IsExplicit) {
-    // Will be 4 in the absence of a REX.W bit and 8 in the presence of a REX.W bit.
-    //
-    // While the control bit immediate for the instruction itself is only ever 8 bits
-    // in size, we use it as a 16-bit value so that we can use the 8th bit to signify
-    // whether or not RAX and RDX should be interpreted as a 64-bit value.
-    const auto SrcSize = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
-    const auto Is64Bit = SrcSize == OpSize::i64Bit;
-    const auto NewControl = uint16_t(Control | (uint16_t(Is64Bit) << 8));
+    const auto LengthSize = OpSizeFromSrc(Op);
 
-    Ref SrcRAX = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX);
-    Ref SrcRDX = LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RDX);
+    Src1Length = PCMPXSTRXSaturateExplicitLength(ElementSize, LengthSize, LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX));
+    Src2Length = PCMPXSTRXSaturateExplicitLength(ElementSize, LengthSize, LoadGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RDX));
 
-    IntermediateResult = _VPCMPESTRX(Src1, Src2, SrcRAX, SrcRDX, NewControl);
-  } else {
-    IntermediateResult = _VPCMPISTRX(Src1, Src2, Control);
-  }
-
-  if (IsMask) {
-    // For the masked variant of the instructions, if control[6] is set, then we
-    // need to expand the intermediate result into a byte or word mask (depending
-    // on data size specified in control[1]) along the entire length of XMM0,
-    // where set bits in the intermediate result set the corresponding entry
-    // in XMM0 to all 1s and unset bits set the corresponding entry to all 0s.
-    //
-    // If control[6] is not set, then we just store the intermediate result as-is
-    // into the least significant bits of XMM0 and zero extend it.
-    const auto IsExpandedMask = (Control & 0b0100'0000) != 0;
-
-    if (IsExpandedMask) {
-      // We need to iterate over the intermediate result and
-      // expand the mask into XMM0 elements.
-      const auto ElementSize = 1U << (Control & 1);
-      const auto NumElements = 16U >> (Control & 1);
-
-      Ref Result = LoadZeroVector(OpSize::i128Bit);
-      for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NumElements; i++) {
-        Ref SignBit = _Sbfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 1, i, IntermediateResult);
-        Result = _VInsGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, IR::SizeToOpSize(ElementSize), i, Result, SignBit);
-      }
-
-      if (IsAVX) {
-        StoreXMMRegister(0, Result);
-      } else {
-        StoreXMMRegister_WithAVXInsert(VectorOpType::SSE, 0, Result);
-      }
-    } else {
-      // We insert the intermediate result as-is.
-      Ref Result = _VCastFromGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i16Bit, IntermediateResult);
-
-      if (IsAVX) {
-        StoreXMMRegister(0, Result);
-      } else {
-        StoreXMMRegister_WithAVXInsert(VectorOpType::SSE, 0, Result);
-      }
+    if (NeedsSrc1ValidElements) {
+      Src1ValidElementsMask = _VCMPGT(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, _VDupFromGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1Length), Indices);
+    }
+    if (NeedsSrc2ValidElements) {
+      Src2LengthVector = _VDupFromGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2Length);
     }
   } else {
-    Ref ZeroConst = Constant(0);
+    // Get index of the first NUL element, to determine length of input strings.
+    Ref Src1FirstNull = LowestIndex(_VCMPEQZ(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1));
+    Ref Src2FirstNull = LowestIndex(_VCMPEQZ(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2));
+    Src1Length = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1FirstNull, 0);
+    Src2Length = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2FirstNull, 0);
 
-    // For the indexed variant of the instructions, if control[6] is set, then we
-    // store the index of the most significant bit into ECX. If it's not set,
-    // then we store the least significant bit.
-    const auto UseMSBIndex = (Control & 0b0100'0000) != 0;
+    if (NeedsSrc1ValidElements) {
+      // If the index in the lane is less than the index of the first NUL, then it's a valid element.
+      Src1ValidElementsMask = _VCMPGT(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src1FirstNull, 0), Indices);
+    }
+    if (NeedsSrc2ValidElements) {
+      Src2LengthVector = _VDupElement(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2FirstNull, 0);
+    }
+  }
 
-    Ref ResultNoFlags = _Bfe(OpSize::i32Bit, 16, 0, IntermediateResult);
+  Ref Src1HasInvalidElements = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::ULT, Src1Length, Constant(NumElements));
+  Ref Src2HasInvalidElements = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::ULT, Src2Length, Constant(NumElements));
+  Ref Src2ValidElementsMask = NeedsSrc2ValidElements ? _VCMPGT(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Src2LengthVector, Indices) : nullptr;
 
-    Ref IfZero = Constant(16 >> (Control & 1));
-    Ref IfNotZero = UseMSBIndex ? _FindMSB(IR::OpSize::i32Bit, ResultNoFlags) : _FindLSB(IR::OpSize::i32Bit, ResultNoFlags);
-    Ref Result = _Select(OpSize::i64Bit, OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::EQ, ResultNoFlags, ZeroConst, IfZero, IfNotZero);
+  // Perform the aggregation operations, see section 4.1.3 in the Intel SDM.
+  Ref Matches {};
+  switch (Aggregation) {
+  case CPU::AggregationOp::EqualAny:
+    Matches = PCMPXSTRXEqualAny(ElementSize, Src1, Src2, Src1ValidElementsMask, Src2ValidElementsMask);
+    break;
+  case CPU::AggregationOp::Ranges:
+    Matches = PCMPXSTRXRanges(ElementSize, Src1, Src2, Src1ValidElementsMask, Src2ValidElementsMask, IsSigned);
+    break;
+  case CPU::AggregationOp::EqualEach:
+    Matches = PCMPXSTRXEqualEach(ElementSize, Src1, Src2, Src1ValidElementsMask, Src2ValidElementsMask);
+    break;
+  case CPU::AggregationOp::EqualOrdered:
+    Matches = PCMPXSTRXEqualOrdered(ElementSize, Src1, Src2, Src1Length, Src2Length, Src1ValidElementsMask, Indices);
+    break;
+  }
+
+  // Invert the matches if the polarity is negative or negative masked,
+  // see section 4.1.4 in the Intel SDM.
+  if (Polarity == CPU::Polarity::Negative) {
+    Matches = _VNot(OpSize::i128Bit, Matches);
+  } else if (Polarity == CPU::Polarity::NegativeMasked) {
+    Matches = _VXor(OpSize::i128Bit, Matches, Src2ValidElementsMask);
+  }
+
+  // Compute the flags and result
+  Ref CF {};
+  Ref OF {};
+
+  // PCMPESTRM and PCMPISTRM
+  // These instructions return a mask of the matching elements.
+  if (IsMask) {
+    Ref Result = Matches;
+    // Byte/word mask rather than a bit mask.
+    if (OutputSelection) {
+      // Result is already a byte/word mask, so just compute flags.
+      // CF set when no elements matched
+      // OF is set when the first element matched.
+      Ref AnyMatch = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, _VUMaxV(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Matches), 0);
+      CF = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::EQ, AnyMatch, Constant(0));
+      OF = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Matches, 0), Constant(1));
+
+    } else {
+      // Convert per element vector to a bit mask with one bit per lane.
+      Ref BitPositions = LoadAndCacheNamedVectorConstant(OpSize::i128Bit, NAMED_VECTOR_MOVMASKB);
+      Ref Zero = LoadZeroVector(OpSize::i128Bit);
+
+      // If the elements are words, truncate to bytes first.
+      Result = IsWords ? _VUnZip(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i8Bit, Matches, Zero) : Matches;
+      // Now repeat this pattern until we collapse each byte into a single bit.
+      Result = _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Result, BitPositions);
+      Result = _VAddP(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i8Bit, Result, Zero);
+      Result = _VAddP(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i8Bit, Result, Zero);
+      Result = _VAddP(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i8Bit, Result, Zero);
+
+      // Compute the flags from the bit mask in Result
+      Ref BitMask = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, IsWords ? OpSize::i8Bit : OpSize::i16Bit, Result, 0);
+      CF = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::EQ, BitMask, Constant(0));
+      OF = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, BitMask, Constant(1));
+    }
+
+    StoreXMMRegister_WithAVXInsert(IsAVX ? VectorOpType::AVX : VectorOpType::SSE, 0, Result);
+
+    // PCMPESTRI and PCMPISTRI
+    // These instructions return either the index of the first match
+    // or the number of elements in the string if no match.
+  } else {
+    Ref LowestMatch = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, LowestIndex(Matches), 0);
+    CF = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::EQ, LowestMatch, Constant(NumElements));
+    OF = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::EQ, LowestMatch, Constant(0));
+
+    Ref Result = LowestMatch;
+    // Most significant rather than least significant index.
+    if (OutputSelection) {
+      // The max is also 0 when nothing matched, LowestMatch tells those apart.
+      Ref Candidates = _VAnd(OpSize::i128Bit, Indices, Matches);
+      Ref HighestMatchVector = _VUMaxV(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, Candidates);
+      Ref HighestMatch = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, ElementSize, HighestMatchVector, 0);
+      Result = _Select(OpSize::i32Bit, OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::EQ, LowestMatch, Constant(NumElements), Constant(NumElements), HighestMatch);
+    }
 
     // Store the result, it is already zero-extended to 64-bit implicitly.
     StoreGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RCX, Result);
   }
 
-  // Set all of the necessary flags. NZCV stored in bits 28...31 like the hw op.
-  SetNZCV(IntermediateResult);
-  CFInverted = false;
+  // SF/ZF are set when Src1/Src2 respectively have invalid elements.
+  Ref SF = Src1HasInvalidElements;
+  Ref ZF = Src2HasInvalidElements;
+  Ref NZCV = _Orlshl(OpSize::i64Bit, _Lshl(OpSize::i64Bit, OF, Constant(28)), CF, 29);
+  NZCV = _Orlshl(OpSize::i64Bit, NZCV, ZF, 30);
+  NZCV = _Orlshl(OpSize::i64Bit, NZCV, SF, 31);
+  SetNZCV(NZCV);
+  CFInverted = true;
   ZeroPF_AF();
 }
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/X87.cpp

@@ -139,9 +139,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::FST(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize Width) {
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::FSTToStack(OpcodeArgs) {
   const uint8_t Offset = Op->OP & 7;
-  if (Offset != 0) {
-    _StoreStackToStack(Offset);
-  }
+  _StoreStackToStack(Offset);
 
   if (Op->TableInfo->Flags & X86Tables::InstFlags::FLAGS_POP) {
     _PopStackDestroy();
@@ -172,8 +170,9 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::FIST(OpcodeArgs, bool Truncate) {
     Ref IsOverflow = _NZCVSelect01(CondClass::UGE);
 
     // Set Invalid Operation flag if overflow or special value
+    // The x87 exception flags are sticky. Preserve earlier result
     Ref InvalidFlag = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsSpecial, IsOverflow);
-    SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC>(InvalidFlag);
+    SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC>(_Or(OpSize::i32Bit, GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC), InvalidFlag));
   }
 
   Data = _F80CVTInt(Size, Data, Truncate);
@@ -667,7 +666,6 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMI(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize Width, bool Integer, OpDisp
     SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C2_LOC>(HostFlag_Unordered);
     SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C3_LOC>(HostFlag_ZF);
   } else {
-    // OF, SF, AF, PF all undefined
     SetCFDirect(HostFlag_CF);
     SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_ZF_RAW_LOC>(HostFlag_ZF);
 
@@ -675,10 +673,17 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMI(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize Width, bool Integer, OpDisp
     // TODO: This could perhaps be optimized?
     auto PF = _Xor(OpSize::i32Bit, HostFlag_Unordered, Constant(1));
     SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_PF_RAW_LOC>(PF);
+
+    // Intel: OF, SF, and AF set to zero
+    // AMD:   no mention of OF, SF and AF but actual hardware seems to always zero
+    SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_OF_RAW_LOC>(Constant(0));
+    SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_SF_RAW_LOC>(Constant(0));
+    SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::RFLAG_AF_RAW_LOC>(Constant(0));
   }
 
   // Set Invalid Operation flag when unordered (NaN comparison)
-  SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC>(HostFlag_Unordered);
+  // The x87 exception flags are sticky. Preserve earlier result
+  SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC>(_Or(OpSize::i32Bit, GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC), HostFlag_Unordered));
 
   if (PopTwice) {
     _PopStackDestroy();
@@ -703,7 +708,8 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::FTST(OpcodeArgs) {
   SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C3_LOC>(HostFlag_ZF);
 
   // Set Invalid Operation flag when unordered (NaN comparison)
-  SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC>(HostFlag_Unordered);
+  // The x87 exception flags are sticky. Preserve earlier result
+  SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC>(_Or(OpSize::i32Bit, GetRFLAG(FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_IE_LOC), HostFlag_Unordered));
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::X87OpHelper(OpcodeArgs, FEXCore::IR::IROps IROp, bool ZeroC2) {
@@ -719,6 +725,9 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::X87ModifySTP(OpcodeArgs, bool Inc) {
   } else {
     _DecStackTop();
   }
+
+  // C1 set to 0
+  SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C1_LOC>(Constant(0));
 }
 
 // Operations dealing with loading and storing environment pieces
@@ -759,10 +768,14 @@ Ref OpDispatchBuilder::ReconstructFSW_Helper(Ref T) {
 // Store Status Word
 // There's no load Status Word instruction but you can load it through frstor
 // or fldenv.
-void OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW(OpcodeArgs) {
+void OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW(OpcodeArgs, bool DestRAX) {
   Ref TopValue = _SyncStackToSlow();
   Ref StatusWord = ReconstructFSW_Helper(TopValue);
-  StoreResultGPR(Op, StatusWord);
+  if (DestRAX) {
+    StoreGPRRegister(X86State::REG_RAX, StatusWord, OpSize::i16Bit);
+  } else {
+    StoreResultGPR(Op, StatusWord);
+  }
 }
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::FNCLEX(OpcodeArgs) {
@@ -847,22 +860,103 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::X87FCMOV(OpcodeArgs) {
 
 void OpDispatchBuilder::X87FXAM(OpcodeArgs) {
   auto a = _ReadStackValue(0);
-  Ref Result =
-    ReducedPrecisionMode ? _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i64Bit, OpSize::i64Bit, a, 0) : _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i64Bit, a, 1);
+  Ref Value = ReducedPrecisionMode ? _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i64Bit, OpSize::i64Bit, a, 0) : _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i64Bit, a, 1);
 
-  // Extract the sign bit
-  Result = ReducedPrecisionMode ? _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 1, 63, Result) : _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 1, 15, Result);
+  // Extract the sign bit, which goes in C1
+  Ref Result = ReducedPrecisionMode ? _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 1, 63, Value) : _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 1, 15, Value);
   SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C1_LOC>(Result);
 
-  // Claim this is a normal number
-  // We don't support anything else
-  auto TopValid = _StackValidTag(0);
+  auto NotEmpty = _StackValidTag(0);
+  Ref IsEmpty = _Xor(OpSize::i64Bit, NotEmpty, Constant(1));
+  Ref IsNaN {};
+  Ref IsDenormal {};
+  Ref IsInf {};
+  Ref IsZero {};
+  Ref IsUnsupported {};
+  Ref NoSignBit {};
 
-  // In the case of top being invalid then C3:C2:C0 is 0b101
-  auto C3 = Select01(OpSize::i32Bit, CondClass::NEQ, TopValid, Constant(1));
+  // TODO: The codegen for this is not optimal, and can probably be improved
+  // if FXAM ends up on the hot path for some workload.
+
+  if (ReducedPrecisionMode) {
+    constexpr uint64_t ExponentMask = 0x7FF0'0000'0000'0000ULL;
+    NoSignBit = _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 63, 0, Value);
+    IsInf = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::EQ, NoSignBit, Constant(ExponentMask));
+    IsNaN = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::UGT, NoSignBit, Constant(ExponentMask));
+
+    IsZero = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::EQ, NoSignBit, Constant(0));
+    // 64 bit floats can't represent an x87 denormal, nor any of the
+    // unsupported encodings.
+    IsDenormal = Constant(0);
+    IsUnsupported = Constant(0);
+  } else {
+    Ref Mantissa = _VExtractToGPR(OpSize::i128Bit, OpSize::i64Bit, a, 0);
+
+    // "J" is the name given to the msb of the mantissa in the SDM.
+    Ref JBit = _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 1, 63, Mantissa);
+    Ref Exponent = _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 15, 0, Value);
+    Ref IsExponentZero = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::EQ, Exponent, Constant(0));
+    Ref IsExponentMax = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::EQ, Exponent, Constant(0x7FFF));
+
+    // Inf is when mantissa only has the J bit set, exponent is all 1's.
+    Ref IsOnlyJBit = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::EQ, Mantissa, Constant(1ULL << 63));
+    IsInf = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, IsExponentMax, IsOnlyJBit);
+
+    // NaN is when the low 63 bits of the mantissa are non-zero
+    // and exponent is max, and the J bit is set.
+    Ref Fraction = _Bfe(OpSize::i64Bit, 63, 0, Mantissa);
+    Ref FractionNonZero = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::NEQ, Fraction, Constant(0));
+    Ref IsExponentMaxWithJBit = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, IsExponentMax, JBit);
+    IsNaN = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, IsExponentMaxWithJBit, FractionNonZero);
+
+    // Zero and Denormal are basically the same as the 64-bit case.
+    Ref MantissaNonZero = Select01(OpSize::i64Bit, CondClass::NEQ, Mantissa, Constant(0));
+    Ref MantissaZero = _Xor(OpSize::i64Bit, MantissaNonZero, Constant(1));
+    IsZero = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, IsExponentZero, MantissaZero);
+    IsDenormal = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, IsExponentZero, MantissaNonZero);
+
+    // This is where things are weird. If the J bit is not set
+    // and the exponent is non-zero, then this is an "unsupported"
+    // encoding, which I believe is left in for legacy reasons.
+    Ref IsSupported = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsExponentZero, JBit);
+    IsUnsupported = _Xor(OpSize::i64Bit, IsSupported, Constant(1));
+  }
+
+  // NormalFiniteNumber = !Zero && !Denormal && !Inf && !NaN && !Empty && !Unsupported
+  Ref temp1 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsZero, IsDenormal);
+  Ref temp2 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsInf, IsNaN);
+  Ref temp3 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsUnsupported, IsEmpty);
+  temp1 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, temp1, temp2);
+  temp2 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, temp1, temp3);
+  Ref NormalFiniteNumber = _Xor(OpSize::i64Bit, temp2, Constant(1));
+
+  // Set C3, C2, C0 based on the class of the FP value
+  // Table is from "FXAM" page in the SDM.
+  // +----------------------+----+----+----+
+  // | Class                | C3 | C2 | C0 |
+  // +----------------------+----+----+----+
+  // | Unsupported          | 0  | 0  | 0  |
+  // | NaN                  | 0  | 0  | 1  |
+  // | Normal finite number | 0  | 1  | 0  |
+  // | Infinity             | 0  | 1  | 1  |
+  // | Zero                 | 1  | 0  | 0  |
+  // | Empty                | 1  | 0  | 1  |
+  // | Denormal number      | 1  | 1  | 0  |
+  // +----------------------+----+----+----+
+
+  // C0 = IsNaN || IsInf || IsEmpty
+  Ref C0 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsNaN, IsInf);
+  C0 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, C0, IsEmpty);
+
+  // C2 = (IsInf || Denormal || NormalFiniteNumber) && !IsEmpty
+  Ref C2 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsInf, IsDenormal);
+  C2 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, C2, NormalFiniteNumber);
+  C2 = _And(OpSize::i64Bit, C2, NotEmpty);
+
+  // C3 = Zero || IsEmpty || Denormal
+  Ref C3 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, IsZero, IsEmpty);
+  C3 = _Or(OpSize::i64Bit, C3, IsDenormal);
 
-  auto C2 = TopValid;
-  auto C0 = C3; // Mirror C3 until something other than zero is supported
   SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C0_LOC>(C0);
   SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C2_LOC>(C2);
   SetRFLAG<FEXCore::X86State::X87FLAG_C3_LOC>(C3);

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/OpcodeDispatcher/X87F64.cpp

@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ void OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMIF64(OpcodeArgs, IR::OpSize Width, bool Integer, OpD
   } else {
     HandleNZCVWrite();
     _F80CmpValue(b);
-    ComissFlags(true /* InvalidateAF */);
+    ComissFlags();
   }
 
   if (PopTwice) {

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/SharedCodeBufferManager.cpp

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static constexpr size_t INITIAL_CODE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 16;
 // We don't want to move above 128MB atm because that means we will have to encode longer jumps
 static constexpr size_t MAX_CODE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 128;
 
-CodeBuffer::CodeBuffer(size_t Size)
+CodeBuffer::CodeBuffer(size_t Size, bool ShouldBeNamed)
   : AllocatedSize(Size) {
   Ptr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualAlloc(Size, true));
   LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(!!Ptr, "Couldn't allocate code buffer");
@@ -28,18 +28,34 @@ CodeBuffer::CodeBuffer(size_t Size)
     LogMan::Msg::EFmt("Failed to mprotect last page of code buffer.");
   }
 
-  FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualName("FEXMemJIT", Ptr, Size);
+  if (ShouldBeNamed) {
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualName("FEXMemJIT", Ptr, Size);
+  }
 
   // Huge-pages reduce the amount of iTLB misses dramatically when it works.
   FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualTHPControl(Ptr, Size, FEXCore::Allocator::THPControl::Enable);
 
   LookupCache = fextl::make_unique<GuestToHostMap>();
+
+  CodeBufferEnd = Ptr + UsableSize();
+  CodeBufferOffset = Ptr;
 }
 
 CodeBuffer::~CodeBuffer() {
   FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualFree(Ptr, AllocatedSize);
 }
 
+SharedCodeBufferManager::SharedCodeBufferManager() {
+  FEX_CONFIG_OPT(GlobalJITNaming, GLOBALJITNAMING);
+  FEX_CONFIG_OPT(LibraryJITNaming, LIBRARYJITNAMING);
+  FEX_CONFIG_OPT(BlockJITNaming, BLOCKJITNAMING);
+
+  // Only name the JIT buffers if perf JIT naming is disabled.
+  // `perf top` prefers VMA names over the JIT symbols file for some reason.
+  // Breaks memory tracking when naming is enabled, but it's a debug feature so it isn't expected to be enabled by default.
+  NameJITBuffers = !(GlobalJITNaming || LibraryJITNaming || BlockJITNaming);
+}
+
 fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> SharedCodeBufferManager::AllocateNew(size_t Size) {
 #ifndef _WIN32
   // MDWE (Memory-Deny-Write-Execute) is a new Linux 6.3 feature.
@@ -63,10 +79,9 @@ fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> SharedCodeBufferManager::AllocateNew(size_t Size)
   }
 #endif
 
-  auto Buffer = fextl::make_shared<CodeBuffer>(Size);
+  auto Buffer = fextl::make_shared<CodeBuffer>(Size, NameJITBuffers);
 
   Latest = Buffer;
-  LatestOffset = 0;
 
   OnCodeBufferAllocated(Buffer);
 
@@ -86,7 +101,7 @@ fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> SharedCodeBufferManager::StartLargerCodeBuffer() {
     return GetLatest();
   }
 
-  auto NewCodeBufferSize = GetLatest()->AllocatedSize;
+  auto NewCodeBufferSize = GetLatest()->TotalAllocationSize();
   NewCodeBufferSize = std::min<size_t>(NewCodeBufferSize * 2, MAX_CODE_SIZE);
   return AllocateNew(NewCodeBufferSize);
 }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/SharedCodeBufferManager.h

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
 /*
 $info$
-category: Thread shared code buffer management
+category: code buffer ~ Thread shared code buffer management
 tags: backend|shared
 $end_info$
 */
 #pragma once
 
 #include <FEXCore/fextl/memory.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/MathUtils.h>
 #include <FEXCore/Utils/SignalScopeGuards.h>
 #include <FEXCore/Utils/TypeDefines.h>
 
@@ -20,12 +21,9 @@ struct GuestToHostMap;
 
 namespace FEXCore::CPU {
 struct CodeBuffer {
-  uint8_t* Ptr;
-  size_t AllocatedSize; // including guard page; see UsableSize()
-
   fextl::unique_ptr<GuestToHostMap> LookupCache;
 
-  CodeBuffer(size_t Size);
+  CodeBuffer(size_t Size, bool ShouldBeNamed);
   CodeBuffer(const CodeBuffer&) = delete;
   CodeBuffer& operator=(const CodeBuffer&) = delete;
   CodeBuffer(CodeBuffer&& oth) = delete;
@@ -33,10 +31,73 @@ struct CodeBuffer {
 
   ~CodeBuffer();
 
-  /// Returns the number of bytes available for storing code
+  // Atomically allocate a fixed size buffer out of the current allocated codebuffer.
+  // Lockless because it's just a linear allocator.
+  struct CodeBufferAllocation {
+    const uint8_t* BufferBase;
+    uint8_t* BufferAllocationOffset;
+  };
+
+  CodeBufferAllocation AtomicAllocateBuffer(size_t Size) {
+    Size = FEXCore::AlignUp(Size, 16);
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(CodeBufferOffset.load()) % 16 == 0, "Buffer needs to always be 16B aligned!");
+
+    auto ExpectedOffset = CodeBufferOffset.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    auto DesiredOffset = ExpectedOffset + Size;
+
+    if (DesiredOffset > CodeBufferEnd) {
+      // Couldn't fit.
+      return {};
+    }
+
+    while (!CodeBufferOffset.compare_exchange_strong(ExpectedOffset, DesiredOffset)) {
+      DesiredOffset = ExpectedOffset + Size;
+
+      if (DesiredOffset > CodeBufferEnd) {
+        // Couldn't fit.
+        return {};
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Managed to fit.
+    return {
+      .BufferBase = Ptr,
+      .BufferAllocationOffset = ExpectedOffset,
+    };
+  }
+
+  // Returns the total number of bytes available for storing code
   size_t UsableSize() const {
     return AllocatedSize - FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE;
   }
+
+  // Returns the full size of the buffer, including the guard page.
+  size_t TotalAllocationSize() const {
+    return AllocatedSize;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the num of bytes currently allocated from the allocator.
+  size_t AllocatedSpaceUsed() const {
+    return CodeBufferOffset - Ptr;
+  }
+
+  // Trivially reset the allocator.
+  void Reset() {
+    CodeBufferOffset = Ptr;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the base of the buffer.
+  uint8_t* GetBufferBase() const {
+    return Ptr;
+  }
+
+private:
+  uint8_t* Ptr;
+  uint8_t* CodeBufferEnd;
+  size_t AllocatedSize; // including guard page; see UsableSize()
+
+  // Code buffer allocation information.
+  std::atomic<uint8_t*> CodeBufferOffset {};
 };
 
 /**
@@ -50,6 +111,9 @@ struct CodeBuffer {
  */
 class SharedCodeBufferManager {
 public:
+  SharedCodeBufferManager();
+  virtual ~SharedCodeBufferManager() = default;
+
   // Get the CodeBuffer that was most recently allocated.
   // This is the only CodeBuffer that data may be written to.
   fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> GetLatest();
@@ -62,17 +126,13 @@ public:
   // Subsequent calls to GetLatest will point to the returned buffer.
   fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> StartMaximalCodeBuffer();
 
-  // Write offset into the latest CodeBuffer
-  std::size_t LatestOffset {};
-
-  // Protects writes to the latest CodeBuffer and changes to LatestOffset
-  FEXCore::ForkableUniqueMutex CodeBufferWriteMutex;
-
   virtual void OnCodeBufferAllocated(const std::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer>&) {};
 
 private:
   fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> Latest;
 
   fextl::shared_ptr<CodeBuffer> AllocateNew(size_t Size);
+
+  bool NameJITBuffers {true};
 };
 } // namespace FEXCore::CPU

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/BaseTables.cpp

@@ -83,22 +83,22 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo[2], ENTRY_MAX> Primary_ArchSelect_LUT = {{
   },
   // ENTRY_27
   {
-    {"DAA",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::DAAOp } },
+    {"DAA",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_8BIT), 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::DAAOp } },
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_2F
   {
-    {"DAS",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::DASOp } },
+    {"DAS",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_8BIT), 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::DASOp } },
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_37
   {
-    {"AAA",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_16BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AAAOp } },
+    {"AAA",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_16BIT), 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AAAOp } },
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_3F
   {
-    {"AAS",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_16BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AASOp } },
+    {"AAS",      TYPE_INST, GenFlagsDstSize(SIZE_16BIT), 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AASOp } },
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_40
@@ -134,23 +134,23 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo[2], ENTRY_MAX> Primary_ArchSelect_LUT = {{
   },
   // ENTRY_A0
   {
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
   },
   // ENTRY_A1
   {
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
   },
   // ENTRY_A2
   {
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
   },
   // ENTRY_A3
   {
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
-    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX | FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
+    {"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MEM_OFFSET | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 8, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::MOVOffsetOp } },
   },
   // ENTRY_CE
   {
@@ -159,17 +159,17 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo[2], ENTRY_MAX> Primary_ArchSelect_LUT = {{
   },
   // ENTRY_D4
   {
-    {"AAM",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AAMOp } },
+    {"AAM",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT), 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AAMOp } },
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_D5
   {
-    {"AAD",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AADOp } },
-    {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
+    {"AAD",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT), 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::AADOp } },
+    {"REX2", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_D6
   {
-    {"SALC",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::SALCOp } },
+    {"SALC",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT), 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::SALCOp } },
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   // ENTRY_EA
@@ -204,8 +204,8 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0x01, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                       0}},
     {0x02, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x03, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x04, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX  ,                              1}},
-    {0x05, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x04, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x05, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
 
     {0x06, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_06] }}},
     {0x07, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_07] }}},
@@ -214,16 +214,16 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0x09, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                                   0}},
     {0x0A, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x0B, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x0C, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX ,                              1}},
-    {0x0D, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x0C, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x0D, 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",     TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
     {0x0E, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_0E] }}},
 
     {0x10, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                   0}},
     {0x11, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                       0}},
     {0x12, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x13, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x14, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX  ,                              1}},
-    {0x15, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x14, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x15, 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
     {0x16, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_16] }}},
     {0x17, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_17] }}},
 
@@ -231,8 +231,8 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0x19, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                       0}},
     {0x1A, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x1B, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x1C, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX  ,                              1}},
-    {0x1D, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x1C, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x1D, 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
     {0x1E, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_1E] }}},
     {0x1F, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_1F] }}},
 
@@ -240,32 +240,32 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0x21, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                                   0}},
     {0x22, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x23, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x24, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX  ,                              1}},
-    {0x25, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x24, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x25, 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
 
     {0x27, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_27] }}},
     {0x28, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                   0}},
     {0x29, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                                   0}},
     {0x2A, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x2B, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x2C, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX ,                              1}},
-    {0x2D, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x2C, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x2D, 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
     {0x2F, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_2F] }}},
 
     {0x30, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                   0}},
     {0x31, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                                   0}},
     {0x32, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x33, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x34, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX  ,                              1}},
-    {0x35, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x34, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x35, 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
 
     {0x37, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_37] }}},
     {0x38, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                                   0}},
     {0x39, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                                                   0}},
     {0x3A, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                                                   0}},
     {0x3B, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                                   0}},
-    {0x3C, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX  ,                              1}},
-    {0x3D, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2, 4}},
+    {0x3C, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                              1}},
+    {0x3D, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
     {0x3F, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_3F] }}},
 
     {0x40, 8, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_40] }}},
@@ -318,12 +318,12 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0x8A, 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,         0}},
     {0x8B, 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                         0}},
     {0x8C, 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSrcSize(SIZE_16BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                      0}},
-    {0x8D, 1, X86InstInfo{"LEA",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_MODRM,                         0}},
+    {0x8D, 1, X86InstInfo{"LEA",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_MEM_ONLY, 0}},
     {0x8E, 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_16BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM,                      0}},
     {0x8F, 1, X86InstInfo{"POP",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_MOD_ZERO_REG | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS, 0}},
-    {0x90, 8, X86InstInfo{"XCHG",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX, 0}},
-    {0x98, 1, X86InstInfo{"CDQE",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX,     0}},
-    {0x99, 1, X86InstInfo{"CQO",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RDX | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX,     0}},
+    {0x90, 8, X86InstInfo{"XCHG",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE, 0}},
+    {0x98, 1, X86InstInfo{"CDQE",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_NONE,     0}},
+    {0x99, 1, X86InstInfo{"CQO",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_NONE,     0}},
 
     // These three are all X87 instructions
     {0x9B, 1, X86InstInfo{"FWAIT",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_NONE,                              0}},
@@ -343,17 +343,17 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0xA6, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMPSB",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                            0}},
     {0xA7, 1, X86InstInfo{"CMPS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                                            0}},
 
-    {0xA8, 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX ,                                             1}},
-    {0xA9, 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2,                4}},
-    {0xAA, 1, X86InstInfo{"STOS",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX,                   0}},
-    {0xAB, 1, X86InstInfo{"STOS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX,                                   0}},
-    {0xAC, 1, X86InstInfo{"LODS",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                                      0}},
-    {0xAD, 1, X86InstInfo{"LODS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                                      0}},
-    {0xAE, 1, X86InstInfo{"SCAS",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX,                                   0}},
-    {0xAF, 1, X86InstInfo{"SCAS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX,                                   0}},
+    {0xA8, 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT),                                             1}},
+    {0xA9, 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                4}},
+    {0xAA, 1, X86InstInfo{"STOS",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                   0}},
+    {0xAB, 1, X86InstInfo{"STOS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                   0}},
+    {0xAC, 1, X86InstInfo{"LODS",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                                      0}},
+    {0xAD, 1, X86InstInfo{"LODS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                                      0}},
+    {0xAE, 1, X86InstInfo{"SCAS",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                   0}},
+    {0xAF, 1, X86InstInfo{"SCAS",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                   0}},
 
     {0xB0, 8, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE ,                                         1}},
-    {0xB8, 8, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_MUL_2, 4}},
+    {0xB8, 8, X86InstInfo{"MOV",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_MUL_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE, 4}},
 
     {0xC2, 1, X86InstInfo{"RET",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_BLOCK_END,                                             2}},
     {0xC3, 1, X86InstInfo{"RET",    TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_BLOCK_END ,                                                0}},
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0xCA, 1, X86InstInfo{"RETF",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_BLOCK_END,                                                              2}},
     {0xCB, 1, X86InstInfo{"RETF",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_BLOCK_END,                                                              0}},
     {0xCC, 1, X86InstInfo{"INT3",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_BLOCK_END,                                                                                      0}},
-    {0xCD, 1, X86InstInfo{"INT",    TYPE_INST, DEFAULT_SYSCALL_FLAGS,                                                                  1}},
+    {0xCD, 1, X86InstInfo{"INT",    TYPE_INST, FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_BLOCK_END,                                                                  1}},
     {0xCE, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_CE] }}},
     {0xCF, 1, X86InstInfo{"IRET",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_BLOCK_END,                                                                                    0}},
 
@@ -371,9 +371,9 @@ const std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_PRIMARY_TABLE_SIZE> BaseOps = []() consteval {
     {0xD6, 1, X86InstInfo{"", TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = Primary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_D6] }}},
     {0xD7, 1, X86InstInfo{"XLAT",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS,                                                                           0}},
 
-    {0xE0, 1, X86InstInfo{"LOOPNE", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                             1}},
-    {0xE1, 1, X86InstInfo{"LOOPE",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                             1}},
-    {0xE2, 1, X86InstInfo{"LOOP",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                             1}},
+    {0xE0, 1, X86InstInfo{"LOOPNE", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT,                             1}},
+    {0xE1, 1, X86InstInfo{"LOOPE",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT,                             1}},
+    {0xE2, 1, X86InstInfo{"LOOP",   TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT,                             1}},
     {0xE3, 1, X86InstInfo{"JrCXZ",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT ,                             1}},
 
     // Should just throw GP

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/PrimaryGroupTables.cpp

@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo[2], ENTRY_MAX> PrimaryGroup_ArchSelect_LUT = {{
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   {
-    {"ADC",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1> }},
+    {"ADC",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::ADCOp, 1, false> }},
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   {
-    {"SBB",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1> }},
+    {"SBB",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::SBBOp, 1, false> }},
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo[2], ENTRY_MAX> PrimaryGroup_ArchSelect_LUT = {{
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
   {
-    {"CMP",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1> }},
+    {"CMP",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST, 1, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::CMPOp, 1, false> }},
     {"", TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .OpDispatch = nullptr } },
   },
 }};
@@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_INST_GROUP_TABLE_SIZE> PrimaryInstGroupOps
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                      1}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x80), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                      1}},
 
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"ADD",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"OR",   TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"ADC",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"SBB",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"AND",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"SUB",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"XOR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x81), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"CMP",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
 
     // Duplicates the 0x80 opcode group
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_1, OpToIndex(0x82), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"",  TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_NONE, 0, { .Indirect = PrimaryGroup_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_1_82_0] }}},
@@ -140,23 +140,23 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_INST_GROUP_TABLE_SIZE> PrimaryInstGroupOps
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD1), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                                      0}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD1), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"SAR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                                      0}},
 
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"SAR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD2), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"SAR",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                   0}},
 
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"SAR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"ROR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"RCR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"SHL",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_2, OpToIndex(0xD3), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"SAR",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                   0}},
 
     // GROUP 3
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                      1}},
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_INST_GROUP_TABLE_SIZE> PrimaryInstGroupOps
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"DIV",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                      0}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF6), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"IDIV", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST,                                      0}},
 
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2,                          4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                          4}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"TEST", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT64BIT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2,                          4}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"NOT",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                      0}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_3, OpToIndex(0xF7), 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"NEG",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK,                                                      0}},
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_INST_GROUP_TABLE_SIZE> PrimaryInstGroupOps
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC6), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_8BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST  | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT,                   1}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC6), 1), 5, X86InstInfo{"",     TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE,                                                       0}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC6), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"XABORT", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM,                                                       1}},
-    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC7), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2,                                   4}},
+    {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC7), 0), 1, X86InstInfo{"MOV",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2 | FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE,                                   4}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC7), 1), 5, X86InstInfo{"",     TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE,                                                       0}},
     {OPD(TYPE_GROUP_11, OpToIndex(0xC7), 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"XBEGIN", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SRC_SEXT | FLAGS_SETS_RIP | FLAGS_DISPLACE_SIZE_DIV_2,                                                       4}},
   };

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/SecondaryModRMTables.cpp

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_SECOND_MODRM_TABLE_SIZE> SecondModRMTableO
     {((3 << 3) | 1), 1, X86InstInfo{"RDTSCP",   TYPE_INST,    FLAGS_NONE, 0}},
     {((3 << 3) | 2), 1, X86InstInfo{"MONITORX", TYPE_PRIV,    FLAGS_NONE, 0}},
     {((3 << 3) | 3), 1, X86InstInfo{"MWAITX",   TYPE_PRIV,    FLAGS_NONE, 0}},
-    {((3 << 3) | 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"CLZERO",   TYPE_INST,    GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS, 0}},
+    {((3 << 3) | 4), 1, X86InstInfo{"CLZERO",   TYPE_INST,    GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_64BITDEF) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS, 0}},
     {((3 << 3) | 5), 1, X86InstInfo{"",         TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0}},
     {((3 << 3) | 6), 1, X86InstInfo{"",         TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0}},
     {((3 << 3) | 7), 1, X86InstInfo{"",         TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0}},

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/SecondaryTables.cpp

@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ enum Secondary_LUT {
 
 constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo[2], ENTRY_MAX> Secondary_ArchSelect_LUT = {{
   {
-    {"SYSCALL", TYPE_INST, DEFAULT_SYSCALL_FLAGS, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::NOPOp } },
-    {"SYSCALL", TYPE_INST, DEFAULT_SYSCALL_FLAGS, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::SyscallOp, true> } },
+    {"SYSCALL", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_BLOCK_END, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::NOPOp } },
+    {"SYSCALL", TYPE_INST, FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_BLOCK_END, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::SyscallOp, true> } },
   },
   {
     {"PUSH FS", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSrcSize(SIZE_16BIT) | FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY, 0, { .OpDispatch = &IR::OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&IR::OpDispatchBuilder::PUSHSegmentOp, FEXCore::X86Tables::DecodeFlags::FLAG_FS_PREFIX> } },
@@ -204,17 +204,17 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_SECOND_TABLE_SIZE> SecondBaseOps = []() co
 
     {0xA0, 1, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY, 0, { .Indirect = Secondary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_A0] }}},
     {0xA1, 1, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY, 0, { .Indirect = Secondary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_A1] }}},
-    {0xA2, 1, X86InstInfo{"CPUID",   TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                              0}},
+    {0xA2, 1, X86InstInfo{"CPUID",   TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                              0}},
     {0xA3, 1, X86InstInfo{"BT",      TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK, 0}},
     {0xA4, 1, X86InstInfo{"SHLD",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                              1}},
-    {0xA5, 1, X86InstInfo{"SHLD",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                           0}},
+    {0xA5, 1, X86InstInfo{"SHLD",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                           0}},
     {0xA6, 2, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_INVALID,  FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                                                               0}},
     {0xA8, 1, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY, 0, { .Indirect = Secondary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_A8] }}},
     {0xA9, 1, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_ARCH_DISPATCHER, FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY, 0, { .Indirect = Secondary_ArchSelect_LUT[ENTRY_A9] }}},
     {0xAA, 1, X86InstInfo{"RSM",     TYPE_PRIV,     FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                                                               0}},
     {0xAB, 1, X86InstInfo{"BTS",     TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_DEBUG_MEM_ACCESS | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK, 0}},
     {0xAC, 1, X86InstInfo{"SHRD",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                              1}},
-    {0xAD, 1, X86InstInfo{"SHRD",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                           0}},
+    {0xAD, 1, X86InstInfo{"SHRD",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                           0}},
     {0xAE, 1, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_GROUP_15, FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                                                               0}},
     {0xAF, 1, X86InstInfo{"IMUL",    TYPE_INST,     FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY,                                                                 0}},
 
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ constexpr std::array<X86InstInfo, MAX_SECOND_TABLE_SIZE> SecondBaseOps = []() co
     {0x3E, 1, X86InstInfo{"CALLBACKRET",  TYPE_INST, FLAGS_BLOCK_END | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_SETS_RIP,                                                                          0}},
 
     // This was originally used by VIA to jump to its alternative instruction set. Used for OP_THUNK
-    {0x3F, 1, X86InstInfo{"ALTINST",      TYPE_INST, FLAGS_BLOCK_END | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_SETS_RIP,                                                            0}},
+    {0x3F, 1, X86InstInfo{"ALTINST",      TYPE_INST, FLAGS_BLOCK_END | FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_SETS_RIP,                                                            sizeof(IR::SHA256Sum)}},
 #endif
   };
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/VEXTables.cpp

@@ -312,6 +312,11 @@ namespace AVX128 {
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x46), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VariableShiftImpl, IROps::OP_VSSHR>}, // VPSRAVD
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x47), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VariableShiftImpl, IROps::OP_VUSHL>}, // VPSLLV
 
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x50), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPBUSD, false>},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x51), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPBUSD, true>},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x52), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPWSSD, false>},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x53), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VPDPWSSD, true>},
+
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x58), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VBROADCAST, OpSize::i32Bit>},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x59), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VBROADCAST, OpSize::i64Bit>},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x5A), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::AVX128_VBROADCAST, OpSize::i128Bit>},
@@ -757,6 +762,11 @@ namespace AVX256 {
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x46), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::VPSRAVDOp},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x47), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::VPSLLVOp},
 
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x50), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPBUSDOp, false>},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x51), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPBUSDOp, true>},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x52), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPWSSDOp, false>},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x53), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VPDPWSSDOp, true>},
+
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x58), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VBROADCASTOp, OpSize::i32Bit>},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x59), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VBROADCASTOp, OpSize::i64Bit>},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x5A), 1, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::VBROADCASTOp, OpSize::i128Bit>},
@@ -1207,6 +1217,11 @@ auto BaseTableLambda = [](const auto RuntimeTable) consteval {
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x46), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPSRAVD", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSizes(SIZE_128BIT, SIZE_32BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_1ST_SRC | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x47), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPSLLV", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSizes(SIZE_128BIT, SIZE_32BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_1ST_SRC | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
 
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x50), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPDPBUSD", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_1ST_SRC | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x51), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPDPBUSDS", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_1ST_SRC | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x52), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPDPWSSD", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_1ST_SRC | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
+    {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x53), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPDPWSSDS", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_1ST_SRC | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
+
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x58), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPBROADCASTD", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x59), 1, X86InstInfo{"VPBROADCASTQ", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},
     {OPD(2, 0b01, 0x5A), 1, X86InstInfo{"VBROADCASTI128", TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_128BIT) | FLAGS_MODRM | FLAGS_VEX_L_1 | FLAGS_SF_MOD_MEM_ONLY | FLAGS_REX_W_0 | FLAGS_XMM_FLAGS, 0}},

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/X86Tables.h

@@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ struct DecodedOperand {
     RIPRelativeRelocation,
     Literal,
     LiteralRelocation,
+    LiteralPatchable,
     SIB,
     SIBRelocation
   };
@@ -159,6 +160,9 @@ struct DecodedOperand {
   bool IsLiteralRelocation() const {
     return Type == OpType::LiteralRelocation;
   }
+  bool IsLiteralPatchable() const {
+    return Type == OpType::LiteralPatchable;
+  }
   bool IsSIB() const {
     return Type == OpType::SIB;
   }
@@ -167,7 +171,7 @@ struct DecodedOperand {
   }
 
   uint64_t Literal() const {
-    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(IsLiteral(), "Precondition: must be a literal");
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(IsLiteral() || IsLiteralPatchable(), "Precondition: must be a literal");
     return Data.Literal.Value;
   }
 
@@ -181,10 +185,14 @@ struct DecodedOperand {
     struct {
       int64_t Displacement;
       uint8_t GPR;
+      bool PatchableDisp;
+      uint8_t DispOffset;
     } GPRIndirect; // Shared with GPRIndirectRelocation
 
     struct {
       int64_t Value;
+      bool PatchableDisp;
+      uint8_t DispOffset;
     } RIPLiteral; // Shared with RIPLiteralRelocation
 
     struct LiteralType {
@@ -196,12 +204,20 @@ struct DecodedOperand {
       int64_t EntrypointOffset;
     } LiteralRelocation;
 
+    struct {
+      uint64_t Value;
+      uint8_t Size;
+      uint8_t FieldOffset;
+      uint8_t Width;
+    } LiteralPatchable;
     struct {
       int64_t Offset;
       uint8_t Scale;
       uint8_t Index; // ~0 invalid
       uint8_t Base;  // ~0 invalid
-    } SIB;           // Shared with SIBRelocation
+      bool PatchableDisp;
+      uint8_t DispOffset;
+    } SIB; // Shared with SIBRelocation
   };
 
   TypeUnion Data;
@@ -339,11 +355,8 @@ namespace InstFlags {
   constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_X87_FLAGS = (1ULL << 10);
 
   // Non-XMM subflags
-  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX = (1ULL << 11);
-  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_DST_RDX = (1ULL << 12);
-  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_SRC_RAX = (1ULL << 13);
-  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_SRC_RCX = (1ULL << 14);
-  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE = (1ULL << 15);
+  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_REX_IN_BYTE = (1ULL << 11);
+  // subflag [15:12] unused
 
   // XMM subflags
   constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SF_UNUSED = (1ULL << 11); // No assigned behavior yet
@@ -393,7 +406,8 @@ namespace InstFlags {
 
   constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_CALL = (1ULL << 30);
   constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SUPPORTS_LOCK = (1ULL << 31);
-  // Flags [57..32]: Undefined
+  constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_LITERAL_PATCHABLE = (1ULL << 32);
+  // Flags [57..33]: Undefined
   // Flags [60..58]: Dst size
   constexpr InstFlagType FLAGS_SIZE_DST_OFF = 58;
   // Flags [63..61]: Src size
@@ -409,13 +423,6 @@ namespace InstFlags {
   constexpr InstFlagType SIZE_256BIT = 0b110;
   constexpr InstFlagType SIZE_64BITDEF = 0b111; // Default mode is 64bit instead of typical 32bit
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
-  constexpr uint32_t DEFAULT_SYSCALL_FLAGS = FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY;
-#else
-                                                // Syscall ends a block on WIN32 because the instruction can update the CPU's RIP.
-  constexpr uint32_t DEFAULT_SYSCALL_FLAGS = FLAGS_NO_OVERLAY | FLAGS_BLOCK_END;
-#endif
-
   constexpr InstFlagType GetSizeDstFlags(InstFlagType Flags) {
     return (Flags >> FLAGS_SIZE_DST_OFF) & SIZE_MASK;
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/Core/X86Tables/X87Tables.cpp

@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ constexpr std::array<DispatchTableEntry, 140> X87F64OpTable = {{
   // 5 = Invalid
   {OPDReg(0xDD, 6) | 0x00, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSAVE},
 
-  {OPDReg(0xDD, 7) | 0x00, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW},
+  {OPDReg(0xDD, 7) | 0x00, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW, false>},
 
   {OPD(0xDD, 0xC0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FFREE},
   {OPD(0xDD, 0xC8), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::FXCH},
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ constexpr std::array<DispatchTableEntry, 140> X87F64OpTable = {{
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xD0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::FSTToStack>},
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xD8), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::FSTToStack>},
 
-  {OPD(0xDF, 0xE0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW},
+  {OPD(0xDF, 0xE0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW, true>},
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xE8), 8,
    &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMIF64, OpSize::f80Bit, false, OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMIFlags::FLAGS_RFLAGS, false>},
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xF0), 8,
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ constexpr std::array<DispatchTableEntry, 140> X87F80OpTable = {{
   // 5 = Invalid
   {OPDReg(0xDD, 6) | 0x00, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSAVE},
 
-  {OPDReg(0xDD, 7) | 0x00, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW},
+  {OPDReg(0xDD, 7) | 0x00, 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW, false>},
 
   {OPD(0xDD, 0xC0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FFREE},
   {OPD(0xDD, 0xC8), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::FXCH},
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ constexpr std::array<DispatchTableEntry, 140> X87F80OpTable = {{
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xD0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::FSTToStack>},
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xD8), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::FSTToStack>},
 
-  {OPD(0xDF, 0xE0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW},
+  {OPD(0xDF, 0xE0), 8, &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::X87FNSTSW, true>},
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xE8), 8,
    &OpDispatchBuilder::Bind<&OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMI, OpSize::f80Bit, false, OpDispatchBuilder::FCOMIFlags::FLAGS_RFLAGS, false>},
   {OPD(0xDF, 0xF0), 8,
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ auto GenerateX87TableLambda = [](const auto DispatchTable) consteval {
       //  / 3
       {OPD(0xDF, 0xD8), 8, X86InstInfo{"FSTP",    TYPE_X87, FLAGS_SF_MOD_DST | FLAGS_POP, 0}},
       //  / 4
-      {OPD(0xDF, 0xE0), 1, X86InstInfo{"FNSTSW",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_16BIT) | FLAGS_SF_DST_RAX, 0}},
+      {OPD(0xDF, 0xE0), 1, X86InstInfo{"FNSTSW",  TYPE_INST, GenFlagsSameSize(SIZE_16BIT), 0}},
       {OPD(0xDF, 0xE1), 7, X86InstInfo{"",        TYPE_INVALID, FLAGS_NONE, 0}},
       //  / 5
       {OPD(0xDF, 0xE8), 8, X86InstInfo{"FUCOMIP", TYPE_INST,    FLAGS_POP, 0}},

FEXCore/Source/Interface/IR/IR.json

@@ -195,13 +195,13 @@
         "HasSideEffects": true
       },
 
-      "GPR = ValidateCode Array16:$CodeOriginal, GPR:$Address, u8:$CodeLength": {
+      "GPR = ValidateCode GPR:$crc, GPR:$Address, u8:$CodeLength": {
         "HasSideEffects": true,
         "HasDest": true,
         "DestSize": "OpSize::i64Bit"
       },
 
-      "ThreadRemoveCodeEntry": {
+      "ThreadRemoveCodeEntry GPR:$EntryToInvalidate, GPR:$NewRIP": {
         "HasSideEffects": true
       },
 
@@ -275,7 +275,8 @@
                  "The boolean argument asks if we should be reading the reseeded number or not",
                  "Reseeded RNG calculation is more expensive and will be heavier to use",
                  "Returns the 64-bit number",
-                 "Sets the Z flag if the number is valid.",
+                 "Falls back to a host RNG call when the hardware doesn't support it",
+                 "Sets the Z flag if the number is invalid.",
                  "RNG hardware is allowed to fail early and return. Software must always check this"
                 ],
         "HasSideEffects": true,
@@ -312,8 +313,8 @@
         "HasSideEffects": true,
         "RAOverride": "2"
       },
-      "ExitFunction OpSize:#Size, GPR:$NewRIP, BranchHint:$Hint, GPR:$CallReturnAddress, SSA:$CallReturnBlock": {
-        "Desc": ["Exits the current JIT function with a target RIP"
+      "ExitFunction OpSize:#Size, GPR:$NewRIP, BranchHint:$Hint, GPR:$CallReturnAddress, SSA:$CallReturnBlock, i64:$PatchSiteAddress{0}, i64:$PatchSiteSize{0}": {
+        "Desc": ["Exits the current JIT function with a target RIP - optionally patchable from guest bytes for caching"
                 ],
         "Inline": ["Any"],
         "HasSideEffects": true,
@@ -326,11 +327,10 @@
       "CallbackReturn": {
         "HasSideEffects": true
       },
-      "GPR = Syscall GPR:$SyscallID, GPR:$Arg0, GPR:$Arg1, GPR:$Arg2, GPR:$Arg3, GPR:$Arg4, GPR:$Arg5": {
+      "Syscall": {
         "HasSideEffects": true,
         "Desc": ["Dispatches a guest syscall through to the SyscallHandler class"
-                ],
-        "DestSize": "OpSize::i64Bit"
+                ]
       },
 
       "Thunk GPR:$ArgPtr, SHA256Sum:$ThunkNameHash": {
@@ -954,6 +954,27 @@
         ]
       },
 
+      "GPR = PatchableGuestData OpSize:#Size, i64:$Value, i64:$SiteAddress, i64:$SiteSize": {
+        "Desc": ["Loads Value in a patchable way",
+                 "On disk cache load the value is patched from live guest bytes at SiteAddress"
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "Size"
+      },
+
+      "GPR = PatchableGuestRIP OpSize:#Size, i64:$Value, i64:$SiteAddress, i64:$SiteSize": {
+        "Desc": ["Loads GuestRIP-relative Value in a patchable way",
+                 "On disk cache load the value is patched from live guest PC and live displacement at SiteAddress"
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "Size"
+      },
+
+      "GPR = PatchableGuestCRC OpSize:#Size, i64:$Value, i64:$GuestAddress, i64:$GuestSize": {
+        "Desc": ["Loads Guest CRC in a patchable way",
+                 "On disk cache load the value is recomputed from live guest bytes and patched"
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "Size"
+      },
+
       "GPR = Constant i64:$Constant, ConstPad:$Pad{IR::ConstPad::NoPad}, i32:$MaxBytes{0}": {
         "Desc": ["Generates a 64bit constant inside of a GPR",
                  "Unsupported to create a constant in FPR"
@@ -2037,6 +2058,30 @@
           "BitShift > 0 && BitShift <= IR::OpSizeAsBits(ElementSize)"
         ]
       },
+
+      "FPR = VRSHRN OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Vector, u8:$BitShift": {
+        "TiedSource": 0,
+        "Desc": ["Rounding shift right each element and then narrows to the next lower element size",
+                 "Writes result to the bottom half of the destination register, upper half is zeroed"
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "ElementSize >> 1",
+        "EmitValidation": [
+          "ElementSize >= FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i16Bit && ElementSize <= FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i64Bit",
+          "BitShift > 0 && BitShift <= IR::OpSizeAsBits(ElementSize)"
+        ]
+      },
+
+      "FPR = VRSHRNPair OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$VectorLower, FPR:$VectorUpper, u8:$BitShift": {
+        "Desc": ["Rounding shift right and narrow a pair of vectors into one result"],
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "ElementSize >> 1",
+        "EmitValidation": [
+          "RegisterSize == FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i128Bit || RegisterSize == FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i256Bit",
+          "ElementSize >= FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i16Bit && ElementSize <= FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i64Bit",
+          "BitShift > 0 && BitShift <= IR::OpSizeAsBits(ElementSize)"
+        ]
+      },
       "FPR = VSXTL OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Vector": {
         "Desc": ["Sign extends elements from the source element size to the next size up"],
         "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
@@ -2333,6 +2378,43 @@
         "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
         "ElementSize": "ElementSize << 1"
       },
+      "FPR = VUSDot OpSize:#RegisterSize, FPR:$Acc, FPR:$Vector1, FPR:$Vector2": {
+        "Desc": ["Unsigned by signed 8-bit dot product, accumulating four products in to each 32-bit element of Acc.",
+                 "Requires FEAT_I8MM."
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "OpSize::i32Bit",
+        "TiedSource": 0,
+        "EmitValidation": [
+          "RegisterSize == FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i128Bit || RegisterSize == FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i256Bit"
+        ]
+      },
+      "FPR = VSDot OpSize:#RegisterSize, FPR:$Acc, FPR:$Vector1, FPR:$Vector2": {
+        "Desc": ["Signed 8-bit dot product, accumulating four products in to each 32-bit element of Acc.",
+                 "Requires FEAT_DotProd."
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "OpSize::i32Bit",
+        "TiedSource": 0,
+        "EmitValidation": [
+          "RegisterSize == FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i128Bit || RegisterSize == FEXCore::IR::OpSize::i256Bit"
+        ]
+      },
+      "FPR = VSAddLP OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Vector": {
+        "Desc": ["Signed add long pairwise. Adds adjacent pairs of elements in to elements of twice the size.",
+                 "ElementSize is the source size"
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "ElementSize << 1"
+      },
+      "FPR = VSAdALP OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Acc, FPR:$Vector": {
+        "Desc": ["Signed add and accumulate long pairwise. Adds adjacent pairs of elements in to the elements of Acc, which are twice the size.",
+                 "ElementSize is the source size"
+                ],
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "ElementSize << 1",
+        "TiedSource": 0
+      },
       "FPR = VUMulH OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Vector1, FPR:$Vector2": {
         "Desc": ["Wide unsigned multiply returning the high results"],
         "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
@@ -2436,6 +2518,14 @@
         "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
         "ElementSize": "ElementSize"
       },
+      "FPR = VUCMPGT OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Vector1, FPR:$Vector2": {
+        "Desc": ["Vector compare unsigned greater than",
+                 "Each element is compared, if the result is true then the resulting element is ~0, else zero"
+                ],
+
+        "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
+        "ElementSize": "ElementSize"
+      },
       "FPR = VFCMPEQ OpSize:#RegisterSize, OpSize:#ElementSize, FPR:$Vector1, FPR:$Vector2": {
         "DestSize": "RegisterSize",
         "ElementSize": "ElementSize"
@@ -2503,7 +2593,8 @@
       },
 
       "GPR = VPCMPESTRX FPR:$LHS, FPR:$RHS, GPR:$RAX, GPR:$RDX, u16:$Control": {
-        "Desc": ["Performs intermediate behavior analogous to the x86 PCMPESTRI/PCMPESTRM instruction",
+        "Desc": ["NOTE: Currently unused. The OpcodeDispatcher implements the SSE4.2 string instructions inline.",
+                 "Performs intermediate behavior analogous to the x86 PCMPESTRI/PCMPESTRM instruction",
                  "This will return the intermediate result of a PCMPESTR-type operation, but NOT the final",
                  "result. This must be derived from the intermediate result",
 
@@ -2515,7 +2606,8 @@
         "JITDispatch": false
       },
       "GPR = VPCMPISTRX FPR:$LHS, FPR:$RHS, u8:$Control": {
-        "Desc": ["Performs intermediate behavior analogous to the x86 PCMPISTRI/PCMPISTRM instruction",
+        "Desc": ["NOTE: Currently unused. The OpcodeDispatcher implements the SSE4.2 string instructions inline.",
+                 "Performs intermediate behavior analogous to the x86 PCMPISTRI/PCMPISTRM instruction",
                  "This will return the intermediate result of a PCMPISTR-type operation, but NOT the final",
                  "result. This must be derived from the intermediate result",
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/IR/IRDumper.cpp

@@ -172,6 +172,8 @@ static void PrintArg(fextl::ostringstream* out, const IRListView*, NamedVectorCo
         return "u16_incremental_index";
       case NamedVectorConstant::NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U16_INDEX_UPPER:
         return "u16_incremental_index_upper";
+      case NamedVectorConstant::NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U8_INDEX:
+        return "u8_incremental_index";
       case NamedVectorConstant::NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPS_INVERT:
         return "addsubps_invert";
       case NamedVectorConstant::NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPS_INVERT_UPPER:
@@ -348,10 +350,6 @@ static void PrintArg(fextl::ostringstream* out, const IRListView*, BranchHint Ar
   }();
 }
 
-static void PrintArg(fextl::ostringstream* out, const IRListView*, const std::array<uint8_t, 0x10>& Arg) {
-  *out << fextl::fmt::format("{:02x}", fmt::join(Arg, ""));
-}
-
 void Dump(fextl::ostringstream* out, const IRListView* IR) {
   auto HeaderOp = IR->GetHeader();
 

FEXCore/Source/Interface/IR/IREmitter.cpp

@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@ namespace FEXCore::IR {
 
 static bool IsFragmentExit(FEXCore::IR::IROps Op) {
   switch (Op) {
+  case OP_THREADREMOVECODEENTRY:
+  case OP_SYSCALL:
   case OP_EXITFUNCTION:
   case OP_BREAK: return true;
   default: return false;

FEXCore/Source/Interface/IR/IREmitter.h

@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@ public:
     DualListData.DelayedDisownBuffer();
   }
 
+  void ValidateDisownedOrFree() const {
+    DualListData.ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+  }
+
   IRListView ViewIR() {
     return IRListView(&DualListData);
   }

FEXCore/Source/Interface/IR/IntrusiveIRList.h

@@ -129,6 +129,10 @@ public:
     PoolObject.DelayedDisownBuffer();
   }
 
+  void ValidateDisownedOrFree() const {
+    PoolObject.ValidateDisownedOrFree();
+  }
+
 private:
   Utils::PoolBufferWithTimedRetirement<uintptr_t, 5000, 500> PoolObject;
 };

FEXCore/Source/Interface/IR/Passes/x87StackOptimizationPass.cpp

@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ private:
   Ref LoadStackValueAtOffset_Slow(uint8_t Offset = 0);
   void StoreStackValueAtOffset_Slow(Ref Value, uint8_t Offset = 0, bool SetValid = true);
   // Update Top value in slow path for a pop
-  void UpdateTopForPop_Slow();
+  void UpdateTopForPop_Slow(bool InvalidateTag = true);
   void UpdateTopForPush_Slow();
   // Synchronizes the current simulated stack with the actual values.
   // Returns a new value for Top, that's synchronized between the simulated stack
@@ -573,12 +573,16 @@ void X87StackOptimization::HandleBinopStack(IROps Op64, bool VFOp64, IROps Op80,
   HandleBinopValue(Op64, VFOp64, Op80, DestStackOffset, StackOffset2 != DestStackOffset, StackOffset1, StackNode, Reverse);
 }
 
-inline void X87StackOptimization::UpdateTopForPop_Slow() {
+inline void X87StackOptimization::UpdateTopForPop_Slow(bool InvalidateTag) {
   const auto PopContainer = [](auto& container) {
     const auto begin = std::begin(container);
     std::rotate(begin, std::next(begin), std::end(container));
   };
 
+  if (InvalidateTag) {
+    SetX87ValidTag(0, false);
+  }
+
   // Pop the top of the x87 stack
   GetOffsetTopWithCache_Slow(1);
   PopContainer(TopOffsetCache);
@@ -1037,22 +1041,17 @@ void X87StackOptimization::Run(IREmitter* Emit) {
         const auto* Op = IROp->C<IROp_StoreStackToStack>();
         auto Offset = Op->StackLocation;
 
-        if (Offset != 0) {
-          auto Value = MigrateToSlowPath_IfInvalid();
+        auto Value = MigrateToSlowPath_IfInvalid();
 
-          // Need to store st0 to stack location - basically a copy.
-          if (SlowPath) {
-            StoreStackValueAtOffset_Slow(LoadStackValueAtOffset_Slow(), Offset);
-          } else {
-            StackData.setTop(*Value, Offset);
-          }
+        // Need to store st0 to stack location - basically a copy.
+        if (SlowPath) {
+          StoreStackValueAtOffset_Slow(LoadStackValueAtOffset_Slow(), Offset);
+        } else {
+          StackData.setTop(*Value, Offset);
         }
         break;
       }
       case OP_POPSTACKDESTROY: {
-        if (SlowPath) {
-          SetX87ValidTag(0, false);
-        }
         StackPop();
         break;
       }
@@ -1073,8 +1072,8 @@ void X87StackOptimization::Run(IREmitter* Emit) {
           // Slow path: do actual memory operations
           Ref ValueTop = LoadStackValue();
           Ref ValueOffset = LoadStackValue(Offset);
-          StoreStackValue(ValueOffset);
-          StoreStackValue(ValueTop, Offset);
+          StoreStackValue(ValueOffset, 0, true);
+          StoreStackValue(ValueTop, Offset, true);
         } else {
           // Fast path: swap complete StackMemberInfo preserving Source metadata
           StackData.setTop(StackMemberOffset, 0);
@@ -1178,7 +1177,7 @@ void X87StackOptimization::Run(IREmitter* Emit) {
 
       case OP_INCSTACKTOP: {
         if (SlowPath) {
-          UpdateTopForPop_Slow();
+          UpdateTopForPop_Slow(false);
         } else {
           StackData.rotate(false);
         }

FEXCore/Source/Utils/Allocator.cpp

@@ -218,7 +218,12 @@ fextl::vector<MemoryRegion> StealMemoryRegion(uintptr_t Begin, uintptr_t End) {
   const uintptr_t StackLocation_u64 = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(alloca(0));
 
   const int MapsFD = open("/proc/self/maps", O_RDONLY);
-  LogMan::Throw::AFmt(MapsFD != -1, "Failed to open /proc/self/maps");
+  if (MapsFD == -1) {
+    // No procfs, as in BuildKit's emulator probe (an empty chroot). The assert
+    // above it compiles out in release, and CollectMemoryGaps then spins on
+    // read(-1) forever; reserve nothing instead.
+    return {};
+  }
 
   auto Regions = CollectMemoryGaps(Begin, End, MapsFD);
   close(MapsFD);
@@ -282,6 +287,9 @@ fextl::vector<MemoryRegion> Setup48BitAllocatorIfExists(size_t PageSize) {
   uintptr_t Begin48BitVA = 0x0'8000'0000'0000ULL;
   uintptr_t End48BitVA = 0x1'0000'0000'0000ULL;
   auto Regions = StealMemoryRegion(Begin48BitVA, End48BitVA);
+  if (Regions.empty()) {
+    return {};
+  }
 
   Alloc64 = Alloc::OSAllocator::Create64BitAllocatorWithRegions(Regions);
   AssignHookOverrides(PageSize);
@@ -317,6 +325,7 @@ VirtualTHPPtr VirtualTHPControl {VirtualTHPNOP};
 void SetupHooks(size_t PageSize, HookPtrs Ptrs) {
   VirtualName = Ptrs.VirtualName;
   VirtualTHPControl = Ptrs.VirtualTHPControl;
+  SetupAllocatorHooks(VirtualName);
 }
 
 #endif

FEXCore/Source/Utils/AllocatorHooks.cpp

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/PrctlUtils.h>
+
 #ifdef ENABLE_FEX_ALLOCATOR
 #include <rpmalloc/rpmalloc.h>
 #ifndef _WIN32
@@ -20,16 +22,32 @@
 namespace FEXCore::Allocator {
 using mmap_hook_type = void* (*)(void* addr, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset);
 using munmap_hook_type = int (*)(void* addr, size_t length);
+using vma_name_hook_type = void (*)(const char* name, const void* address, size_t size);
 
 #ifdef ENABLE_FEX_ALLOCATOR
 typedef void* (*rp_mmap_hook_type)(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t* offset, size_t* mapped_size);
 typedef void (*rp_munmap_hook_type)(void* address, size_t offset, size_t mapped_size);
+typedef void (*vma_name_hook_type)(const char* name, const void* address, size_t size);
 extern "C" rp_mmap_hook_type rp_mmap_hook;
 extern "C" rp_munmap_hook_type rp_munmap_hook;
+extern "C" vma_name_hook_type rp_name_hook;
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
 mmap_hook_type fex_mmap_hook = ::mmap;
 munmap_hook_type fex_munmap_hook = ::munmap;
+
+static inline void LocalVirtualName(const char* Name, const void* Ptr, size_t Size) {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+  static bool Supports {true};
+  if (Supports) {
+    auto Result = prctl(PR_SET_VMA, PR_SET_VMA_ANON_NAME, Ptr, Size, Name);
+    if (Result == -1) {
+      // Disable any additional attempts.
+      Supports = false;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+}
 #endif
 
 // Assume a 64KB page size until told otherwise.
@@ -172,6 +190,11 @@ void InitializeAllocator(size_t PageSize) {
   rpmalloc_initialize_config(&global_interface, &global_config);
   rp_mmap_hook = FEX_rp_mmap;
   rp_munmap_hook = FEX_rp_memory_unmap;
+  rp_name_hook = LocalVirtualName;
+}
+#else
+void SetupAllocatorHooks(vma_name_hook_type NameHook) {
+  rp_name_hook = NameHook;
 }
 #endif
 

FEXCore/Source/Utils/FileUtils.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/fmt.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/functional.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/string.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/CompilerDefs.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/LogManager.h>
+
+#ifndef _WIN32
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#else
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <winnt.h>
+#include <winternl.h>
+#include <ntstatus.h>
+
+// FEX today doesn't have Windows include in FEXCore.
+extern "C" NTSTATUS WINAPI NtQueryDirectoryFile(HANDLE, HANDLE, PIO_APC_ROUTINE, PVOID, PIO_STATUS_BLOCK, PVOID, ULONG,
+                                                FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS, BOOLEAN, PUNICODE_STRING, BOOLEAN);
+
+extern "C" NTSTATUS RtlUnicodeToUTF8N(OUT PCHAR UTF8StringDestination, IN ULONG UTF8StringMaxByteCount,
+                                      OUT PULONG UTF8StringActualByteCount, IN PCWCH UnicodeStringSource, IN ULONG UnicodeStringByteCount);
+#endif
+
+namespace FEXCore::FileUtils {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+static inline bool unlinkat(int fd, const char* path, bool dir) {
+  if (::unlinkat(fd, path, dir ? AT_REMOVEDIR : 0) == -1) {
+    return errno == ENOENT;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool RecursiveRemoveDirectory(int parent_fd, const char* Directory) {
+  // Don't follow symlinks and ensure it closes on exec.
+  constexpr int DIR_FLAGS = O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC;
+  int dir_fd = ::openat(parent_fd, Directory, DIR_FLAGS);
+
+  if (dir_fd == -1) {
+    if (errno == ENOENT) {
+      // Probably raced something. Non-error.
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Walk the directory listing.
+  bool Result = true;
+  // Four pages arbitrary chosen to be a balance between NFS wanting to return data in page-size granules and
+  // local filesystems returning arbitrary sizes.
+  size_t dirent_size = 4096 * 4;
+  uint8_t* dirent_buffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(dirent_size));
+
+  if (!dirent_buffer) {
+    // Ran out of memory?
+    Result = false;
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  while (true) {
+    ssize_t read = getdents64(dir_fd, dirent_buffer, dirent_size);
+
+    if (read == -1) {
+      if (errno == EINVAL) {
+        // Buffer too small? Scale and try again.
+        dirent_size *= 2;
+        FEXCore::Allocator::free(dirent_buffer);
+        dirent_buffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(dirent_size));
+        if (!dirent_buffer) {
+          // Ran out of memory?
+          Result = false;
+          goto end;
+        }
+
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Anything else just exit.
+      Result = false;
+      goto end;
+    }
+
+    if (read == 0) {
+      // Done.
+      break;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t dirent_offset = 0; dirent_offset < read;) {
+      auto path_dirent = reinterpret_cast<const struct dirent*>(dirent_buffer + dirent_offset);
+      std::string_view path_name_view = path_dirent->d_name;
+
+      if (path_name_view == "." || path_name_view == "..") {
+        // Skip these two special files.
+        dirent_offset += path_dirent->d_reclen;
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (path_dirent->d_type == DT_DIR) {
+        // Recurse directories as we find them and remove them.
+        if (!RecursiveRemoveDirectory(dir_fd, path_dirent->d_name)) {
+          Result = false;
+          goto end;
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Remove anything possible.
+      if (!unlinkat(dir_fd, path_dirent->d_name, path_dirent->d_type == DT_DIR)) {
+        // Couldn't unlink the file for some reason.
+        LogMan::Msg::IFmt("Failed to remove file: {}", path_name_view);
+        Result = false;
+        goto end;
+      }
+
+      // dirent is a VLA so we need to increment by reported size.
+      dirent_offset += path_dirent->d_reclen;
+    }
+  }
+
+end:
+  if (dirent_buffer) {
+    FEXCore::Allocator::free(dirent_buffer);
+  }
+
+  close(dir_fd);
+  return Result;
+}
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY bool RecursiveRemoveDirectory(const fextl::string& Directory) {
+  return RecursiveRemoveDirectory(AT_FDCWD, Directory.c_str()) && unlinkat(AT_FDCWD, Directory.c_str(), true);
+}
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void WalkDirectory(std::string_view Directory,
+                                          fextl::move_only_function<void(std::string_view name, bool is_dir, const void* user_data)> Callback,
+                                          const void* user_data) {
+  constexpr int DIR_FLAGS = O_RDONLY | O_DIRECTORY | O_NOFOLLOW | O_CLOEXEC;
+  int dir_fd = ::openat(AT_FDCWD, fextl::string(Directory).c_str(), DIR_FLAGS);
+  if (dir_fd == -1) {
+    if (errno == ENOENT) {
+      // Probably raced something. Non-error.
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+  // Four pages arbitrary chosen to be a balance between NFS wanting to return data in page-size granules and
+  // local filesystems returning arbitrary sizes.
+  size_t dirent_size = 4096 * 4;
+  uint8_t* dirent_buffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(dirent_size));
+
+  if (!dirent_buffer) {
+    // Ran out of memory?
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  while (true) {
+    ssize_t read = getdents64(dir_fd, dirent_buffer, dirent_size);
+
+    if (read == -1) {
+      if (errno == EINVAL) {
+        // Buffer too small? Scale and try again.
+        dirent_size *= 2;
+        FEXCore::Allocator::free(dirent_buffer);
+        dirent_buffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(dirent_size));
+        if (!dirent_buffer) {
+          // Ran out of memory?
+          goto end;
+        }
+
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Anything else just exit.
+      goto end;
+    }
+
+    if (read == 0) {
+      // Done.
+      break;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t dirent_offset = 0; dirent_offset < read;) {
+      auto path_dirent = reinterpret_cast<const struct dirent*>(dirent_buffer + dirent_offset);
+      std::string_view path_name_view = path_dirent->d_name;
+
+      if (path_name_view == "." || path_name_view == "..") {
+        // Skip these two special files.
+        dirent_offset += path_dirent->d_reclen;
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      Callback(path_name_view, path_dirent->d_type == DT_DIR, user_data);
+
+      // dirent is a VLA so we need to increment by reported size.
+      dirent_offset += path_dirent->d_reclen;
+    }
+  }
+
+end:
+  if (dirent_buffer) {
+    FEXCore::Allocator::free(dirent_buffer);
+  }
+
+  close(dir_fd);
+}
+
+#else
+static inline std::optional<UNICODE_STRING> PathToNTPath(std::string_view Path) {
+  UNICODE_STRING PathW;
+  if (!RtlCreateUnicodeStringFromAsciiz(&PathW, fextl::string(Path).c_str())) {
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+  UNICODE_STRING NTPath;
+  bool Success = RtlDosPathNameToNtPathName_U(PathW.Buffer, &NTPath, nullptr, nullptr);
+  RtlFreeUnicodeString(&PathW);
+  if (!Success) {
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+
+  return NTPath;
+}
+
+static inline void FreeNTPath(UNICODE_STRING Path) {
+  RtlFreeUnicodeString(&Path);
+}
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void WalkDirectory(std::string_view Directory,
+                                          fextl::move_only_function<void(std::string_view name, bool is_dir, const void* user_data)> Callback,
+                                          const void* user_data) {
+  auto NTPath = PathToNTPath(Directory);
+  if (!NTPath) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  NTSTATUS Status {};
+
+  HANDLE dir_fd {};
+  OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES attr {};
+  IO_STATUS_BLOCK io {};
+
+  InitializeObjectAttributes(&attr, &*NTPath, OBJ_CASE_INSENSITIVE, nullptr, nullptr);
+  Status = NtOpenFile(&dir_fd, FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY | SYNCHRONIZE, &attr, &io, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE,
+                      FILE_DIRECTORY_FILE | FILE_SYNCHRONOUS_IO_NONALERT);
+
+  FreeNTPath(*NTPath);
+
+  if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status)) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  BOOLEAN FirstQuery = TRUE;
+  size_t dirent_size = 4096 * 4;
+  uint8_t* dirent_buffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(dirent_size));
+
+  if (!dirent_buffer) {
+    // Ran out of memory?
+    goto end;
+  }
+
+  while (true) {
+    Status = NtQueryDirectoryFile(dir_fd,
+                                  nullptr, // Event
+                                  nullptr, // ApcRoutine
+                                  nullptr, // ApcContext
+                                  &io, dirent_buffer, dirent_size, FileDirectoryInformation,
+                                  FALSE,   // ReturnSingleEntry
+                                  nullptr, // FileName
+                                  FirstQuery);
+    FirstQuery = FALSE;
+
+    if (Status == STATUS_NO_MORE_FILES) {
+      // No more files
+      break;
+    }
+
+    if (!NT_SUCCESS(Status)) {
+      if (Status == STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL || Status == STATUS_INFO_LENGTH_MISMATCH) {
+        // Buffer too small? Scale and try again.
+        dirent_size *= 2;
+        FEXCore::Allocator::free(dirent_buffer);
+        uint8_t* dirent_buffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(dirent_size));
+
+        if (!dirent_buffer) {
+          // Ran out of memory?
+          goto end;
+        }
+
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Any other failure, exit loop.
+      break;
+    }
+
+    // Iterate the entries returned.
+    for (size_t dirent_offset = 0;;) {
+      auto Info = reinterpret_cast<FILE_DIRECTORY_INFORMATION*>(dirent_buffer + dirent_offset);
+
+      std::wstring_view EntryName(Info->FileName, Info->FileNameLength / sizeof(wchar_t));
+
+      if (EntryName != L"." && EntryName != L"..") {
+        ULONG utf8_bytes_needed = 0;
+        ULONG actual_utf8_bytes = 0;
+        RtlUnicodeToUTF8N(nullptr, 0, &utf8_bytes_needed, Info->FileName, Info->FileNameLength);
+        char* dynamic_buf = reinterpret_cast<char*>(FEXCore::Allocator::malloc(utf8_bytes_needed + 1));
+        if (dynamic_buf) {
+          RtlUnicodeToUTF8N(dynamic_buf, utf8_bytes_needed + 1, &actual_utf8_bytes, Info->FileName, Info->FileNameLength);
+          std::string_view name_view(dynamic_buf, actual_utf8_bytes);
+          bool is_dir = (Info->FileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) != 0;
+          Callback(name_view, is_dir, user_data);
+          FEXCore::Allocator::free(dynamic_buf);
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (Info->NextEntryOffset == 0) {
+        break;
+      }
+
+      dirent_offset += Info->NextEntryOffset;
+    }
+  }
+
+end:
+  if (dirent_buffer) {
+    FEXCore::Allocator::free(dirent_buffer);
+  }
+
+  NtClose(dir_fd);
+}
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY bool RecursiveRemoveDirectory(const fextl::string& Directory) {
+  using CallbackType = void (*)(std::string_view name, bool is_dir, const void* user_data);
+  struct UserData {
+    CallbackType RemoveFile {};
+    std::string_view base_path;
+  };
+
+  CallbackType RemoveFile = [](std::string_view name, bool is_dir, const void* user_data) {
+    auto Data = reinterpret_cast<const UserData*>(user_data);
+
+    auto full_path = std::format("{}/{}", Data->base_path, name);
+    if (is_dir) {
+      UserData NewData {
+        .RemoveFile = Data->RemoveFile,
+        .base_path = full_path,
+      };
+
+      WalkDirectory(full_path, Data->RemoveFile, &NewData);
+    }
+
+    if (is_dir) {
+      RemoveDirectoryA(full_path.c_str());
+    } else {
+      DeleteFileA(full_path.c_str());
+    }
+  };
+
+  UserData Data {
+    .RemoveFile = RemoveFile,
+    .base_path = Directory,
+  };
+
+  WalkDirectory(Directory, RemoveFile, &Data);
+
+  return RemoveDirectoryA(Directory.c_str()) != 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+} // namespace FEXCore::FileUtils

FEXCore/Source/Utils/LongJump.cpp

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@
 
 namespace FEXCore::UncheckedLongJump {
 #if defined(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
+#ifdef __arm64ec__
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Winline-asm"
+#endif
 [[nodiscard]]
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY FEX_NAKED uint64_t SetJump(JumpBuf& Buffer) {
   __asm volatile(R"(

FEXCore/Source/Utils/Threads.cpp

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 namespace FEXCore::Threads {
-static fextl::unique_ptr<FEXCore::Threads::Thread> CreateThread_Default(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg) {
+static fextl::unique_ptr<FEXCore::Threads::Thread>
+CreateThread_Default(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg, FEXCore::Threads::Flags Flags, const char* ThreadName) {
   ERROR_AND_DIE_FMT("Frontend didn't setup thread creation!");
 }
 
@@ -20,8 +21,9 @@ static FEXCore::Threads::Pointers Ptrs = {
   .CleanupAfterFork = CleanupAfterFork_Default,
 };
 
-fextl::unique_ptr<FEXCore::Threads::Thread> FEXCore::Threads::Thread::Create(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg) {
-  return Ptrs.CreateThread(Func, Arg);
+fextl::unique_ptr<FEXCore::Threads::Thread>
+FEXCore::Threads::Thread::Create(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg, FEXCore::Threads::Flags Flags, const char* ThreadName) {
+  return Ptrs.CreateThread(Func, Arg, Flags, ThreadName);
 }
 
 void FEXCore::Threads::Thread::CleanupAfterFork() {

FEXCore/Source/Utils/WorkQueueThread.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/WorkQueueThread.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/LogManager.h>
+
+namespace FEXCore {
+
+WorkQueueThread::WorkQueueThread(FEXCore::Threads::Flags ThreadFlags, const char* ThreadName) {
+  Thread = FEXCore::Threads::Thread::Create(ThreadEntry, this, ThreadFlags, ThreadName);
+}
+
+WorkQueueThread::~WorkQueueThread() {
+  {
+    std::unique_lock lk {Mutex};
+    Stop = true;
+  }
+  CV.notify_one();
+
+  if (Thread && Thread->joinable()) {
+    Thread->join(nullptr);
+  }
+}
+
+void WorkQueueThread::QueueWork(fextl::unique_ptr<WorkItem> Work) {
+  {
+    std::unique_lock lk {Mutex};
+    Queue.push_back(std::move(Work));
+  }
+  CV.notify_one();
+}
+
+void WorkQueueThread::ThreadProc() {
+  while (true) {
+    fextl::unique_ptr<WorkItem> Work;
+    {
+      std::unique_lock lk {Mutex};
+      while (!(Stop || !Queue.empty())) {
+        CV.wait(lk);
+      }
+      if (Queue.empty()) {
+        // nothing to do? must be stopping
+        LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Stop, "WorkQueueThread wakes up empty but no Stop?");
+        return;
+      }
+
+      Work = std::move(Queue.front());
+      Queue.pop_front();
+    }
+
+    Work->Run();
+    // Work is destroyed here
+  }
+}
+
+} // namespace FEXCore

FEXCore/Source/Utils/atomic_bitset.h

@@ -0,0 +1,584 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/Allocator.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/LogManager.h>
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/MathUtils.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <bit>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstring>
+
+namespace FEXCore::Utils {
+/**
+ * A bitset that supports allocating contiguous ranges atomically.
+ * - Lock-free, with the caveat that on contention for > 64-bit it would be faster to acquire a lock.
+ *   - If low-contention then atomic-behaviour wins.
+ * - Three modes of allocation:
+ *   - 1-bit, single-atomic.
+ *   - <= 64-bit, single-atomic, contained within single word (introduces sparsity).
+ *   - > 64-bit, multiple-atomic, contiguous, roll-back on contiguous allocation failure.
+ * - Can return failure to allocate even if there is space in certain circumstances.
+ *   - If the allocated size crosses multiple words.
+ *   - Race to allocation caused contention.
+ * - Remembers last allocation/free for inner-word allocations to improve performance.
+ *   - Large greater than atomic-word scans always scan from the start.
+ * - Resetting the bitset with clear() is lower cost when page_size=true.
+ *   - MADV_DONTNEED replaces pages with zero-page
+ *   - When page_size=false, basic memset is also fairly quick.
+ */
+template<bool track_last_allocation = false, bool page_sized = true>
+class atomic_bitset final {
+public:
+  void init(void* ptr, size_t bits) {
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(bits != 0, "Can't init zero");
+
+    base = reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(ptr);
+    bits_to_track = bits;
+    words_to_track = bits / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(bits % WORD_SIZE_BITS == 0, "Bits to track must match uint64_t");
+    if constexpr (page_sized) {
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(bits % (4096 * 8) == 0, "Bits to track must match bit count in page");
+    }
+
+    last_allocation_track.set_last_allocation(0);
+  }
+
+  // Allocate a contiguous buffer of bits.
+  // Returns initial bit offset on success, ~0ULL on failure.
+  size_t allocate(size_t count) {
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(count != 0, "Can't allocate zero");
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(count <= bits_to_track, "Can't allocate larger than size");
+
+    if (count == 1) [[likely]] {
+      // Common and trivial case.
+      return allocate_one(last_allocation_track.get_last_allocation(), words_to_track);
+    } else if (count <= WORD_SIZE_BITS) [[likely]] {
+      // Allocate up to a single word. Don't allow cross-word allocations
+      // Could cause some sparsity
+      return allocate_inside_word(count, last_allocation_track.get_last_allocation(), words_to_track);
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Always scans from beginning to end.
+    // Support iterative scanning.
+    return allocate_large_amount(count, 0, words_to_track);
+  }
+
+  // Frees a contiguous set of bits.
+  void free(size_t index, size_t count) {
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(count != 0, "Can't free zero");
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(index < bits_to_track, "Can't free beyond end");
+
+    if (count == 1) [[likely]] {
+      free_one(index);
+      return;
+    } else if ((index % WORD_SIZE_BITS + count) <= WORD_SIZE_BITS) [[likely]] {
+      free_inside_word(index, count);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    free_large_amount(index, count);
+  }
+
+  // Clears the entire bitset.
+  // Not thread safe!
+  void clear() {
+    const size_t bytes = words_to_track * sizeof(uint64_t);
+    if constexpr (page_sized) {
+      // VirtualDontNeed replaces pages with zero page.
+      FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualDontNeed(base, bytes);
+    } else {
+      memset(base, 0, bytes);
+    }
+
+    last_allocation_track.set_last_allocation(0);
+  }
+
+  // Checks if a single bit is set.
+  bool is_set(size_t index) const {
+    const size_t word_index = index / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const size_t word_offset = index % WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    auto word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[word_index]);
+
+    const uint64_t bit_mask = 1ULL << word_offset;
+    return (word_atomic.load() & bit_mask) != 0;
+  }
+
+  size_t size_in_bits() const {
+    return bits_to_track;
+  }
+
+  constexpr static size_t invalid() {
+    return ~0ULL;
+  }
+
+  // Debug interface
+  // non-atomically returns the number of set bits in the bitset.
+  size_t popcount() const {
+    size_t count {};
+
+    // Just ensure all store are visible.
+    std::atomic_thread_fence(std::memory_order_release);
+
+    for (size_t word_index = 0; word_index < words_to_track; ++word_index) {
+      auto word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[word_index]);
+      count += std::popcount(word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed));
+    }
+    return count;
+  }
+
+private:
+  uint64_t* base {};
+  size_t bits_to_track {};
+  size_t words_to_track {};
+  struct data_to_track_nop {
+    constexpr static size_t get_last_allocation() {
+      return 0;
+    }
+    constexpr static void set_last_allocation(size_t) {}
+  };
+
+  struct data_to_track {
+    std::atomic<size_t> last_allocation_word {};
+
+    constexpr size_t get_last_allocation() const {
+      // It's okay if this isn't up to date, full scan of the region still occurs.
+      return last_allocation_word.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    }
+    constexpr void set_last_allocation(size_t word) {
+      last_allocation_word = word;
+    }
+  };
+  using data_type = typename std::conditional<track_last_allocation, data_to_track, data_to_track_nop>::type;
+  data_type last_allocation_track {};
+
+  constexpr static size_t WORD_SIZE_BITS = sizeof(uint64_t) * 8;
+
+  size_t allocate_one(size_t beginning_word_index, size_t ending_word_index) {
+    // Trivial spin.
+    for (size_t i = beginning_word_index; i < ending_word_index; ++i) {
+      auto word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[i]);
+      auto expected_word = word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+      if (expected_word == ~0ULL) {
+        // Won't pass.
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Spin on the word trying to acquire a bit.
+      // Uncontended case should immediately succeed.
+      // Contended case can spin the whole word and lose every acquire.
+
+      do {
+        const auto zero_bit = std::countr_one(expected_word);
+        const auto bit_mask = 1ULL << zero_bit;
+
+        // If mask was already set, then we raced to acquire (returned value will be 1).
+        // If mask not set, then we will have acquired (returned value will be 0).
+        expected_word = word_atomic.fetch_or(bit_mask);
+        if ((expected_word & bit_mask) == 0) {
+          // Acquired the bit, return the offset.
+          last_allocation_track.set_last_allocation(i);
+          return i * WORD_SIZE_BITS + zero_bit;
+        }
+
+        // Bit was already acquired.
+        expected_word |= bit_mask;
+      } while (expected_word != ~0ULL);
+    }
+
+    if constexpr (track_last_allocation) {
+      if (beginning_word_index) {
+        // One more chance to get an allocation.
+        // Scan before the previous allocation to see if any free slots have appeared.
+        return allocate_one(0, beginning_word_index);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Failure to acquire here.
+    return invalid();
+  }
+
+  size_t allocate_inside_word(size_t count, size_t beginning_word_index, size_t ending_word_index) {
+    for (size_t i = beginning_word_index; i < ending_word_index; ++i) {
+      auto word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[i]);
+      auto expected_word = word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+      // Spin on the word trying to acquire a bit.
+      // Uncontended case should immediately succeed.
+      // Contended case can spin the whole word and lose every acquire.
+      while (expected_word != ~0ULL) {
+        auto zero_bit = std::countr_one(expected_word);
+        bool fits = false;
+        uint64_t bit_mask = count == WORD_SIZE_BITS ? ~0ULL : ((1ULL << count) - 1);
+        for (; (zero_bit + count) <= WORD_SIZE_BITS; ++zero_bit) {
+          // Check if the bits fit.
+          uint64_t tmp_bit_mask = bit_mask << zero_bit;
+          if ((expected_word & tmp_bit_mask) == 0) {
+            fits = true;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Could never fit, early exit.
+        if (!fits) {
+          break;
+        }
+
+        // Shift bit_mask to the desired location.
+        bit_mask <<= zero_bit;
+
+        uint64_t desired_word {};
+        bool acquired = true;
+
+        do {
+          if (expected_word & bit_mask) {
+            // Couldn't acquire this field, move to the next.
+            acquired = false;
+            break;
+          }
+
+          // We desire setting a single bit.
+          desired_word = expected_word | bit_mask;
+        } while (!word_atomic.compare_exchange_strong(expected_word, desired_word));
+
+        if (acquired) {
+          // Acquired the bit, return the offset.
+          last_allocation_track.set_last_allocation(i);
+          return i * WORD_SIZE_BITS + zero_bit;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    if constexpr (track_last_allocation) {
+      if (beginning_word_index) {
+        // One more chance to get an allocation.
+        // Scan before the previous allocation to see if any free slots have appeared.
+        return allocate_inside_word(count, 0, beginning_word_index);
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Failure to acquire here.
+    return invalid();
+  }
+
+  size_t allocate_large_amount(size_t count, size_t beginning_word_index, size_t ending_word_index) {
+    // This version of the code needs to explicitly deal with large allocations that can't fit in a word.
+    // So we are always scanning minimum 2 words.
+    const size_t num_words_to_scan = FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(count, WORD_SIZE_BITS) / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const size_t last_word_to_scan = ending_word_index - num_words_to_scan - 1;
+
+    // Scan forward to find the first word.
+    for (size_t base_index = beginning_word_index; base_index < last_word_to_scan;) {
+      uint64_t leading_zeros {};
+
+      size_t center_word_index = 1;
+      bool has_center {};
+
+      size_t tail_bits {};
+
+      size_t remaining_bits = count;
+
+      auto check_head_fitment = [&]() -> bool {
+        auto base_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index]);
+        auto base_expected_word = base_word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+        // Count the leading zeros, if it is above zero then we can start here.
+        leading_zeros = std::countl_zero(base_expected_word);
+
+        if (leading_zeros == 0) {
+          // Nope.
+          ++base_index;
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+      };
+
+      auto check_center_fitment = [&]() -> bool {
+        // Subtract the number of zeros.
+        remaining_bits -= leading_zeros;
+
+        has_center = remaining_bits >= WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+
+        while (remaining_bits >= WORD_SIZE_BITS) {
+          // All words in-between head and tail must be zero.
+          auto center_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index + center_word_index]);
+          auto center_expected_word = center_word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+          if (center_expected_word != 0) {
+            // Couldn't fit, won't ever fit in this range, so jump ahead to the last scanned item.
+            // Might still be able to start on the tail of this word.
+            base_index += center_word_index;
+            return false;
+          }
+
+          ++center_word_index;
+          remaining_bits -= WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+        }
+
+        return true;
+      };
+
+      auto check_tail_fitment = [&]() -> bool {
+        tail_bits = remaining_bits;
+        if (tail_bits) {
+          // Now for the tail (if it is necessary).
+          size_t tail_index = center_word_index;
+
+          // Count the trailing zeros, if it fits out remaining bits then we can try and allocate.
+          auto tail_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index + tail_index]);
+          auto tail_expected_word = tail_word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+          const auto trailing_zeros = std::countr_zero(tail_expected_word);
+
+          if (trailing_zeros < remaining_bits) {
+            // Couldn't fit, but also won't ever fit in this range. Jump ahead to this tail item.
+            // Might still be able to start on the tail of this word.
+            base_index += tail_index;
+            return false;
+          }
+        }
+
+        return true;
+      };
+
+      if (!check_head_fitment()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (!check_center_fitment()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      if (!check_tail_fitment()) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // We can try fitting!
+      if (attempt_allocate_range_from_base(base_index, count, leading_zeros, tail_bits, has_center)) {
+        const size_t head_leading_offset = (WORD_SIZE_BITS - leading_zeros);
+        return base_index * WORD_SIZE_BITS + head_leading_offset;
+      }
+
+      // Failure to fit here means we could never fit in this full range. Jump past all the bits
+      // Rescanning the tail to avoid fragmented sparsity on the tails.
+      base_index += num_words_to_scan - 1;
+    }
+
+    return invalid();
+  }
+
+  bool attempt_allocate_range_from_base(size_t base_index, size_t count, size_t head_bits, size_t tail_bits, bool has_center) {
+    const bool has_tail = tail_bits != 0;
+
+    const uint64_t head_bit_mask = head_bits == WORD_SIZE_BITS ? ~0ULL : (((1ULL << head_bits) - 1) << (WORD_SIZE_BITS - head_bits));
+    const uint64_t tail_bit_mask = (1ULL << tail_bits) - 1;
+    const uint64_t center_words_count = (count - head_bits - tail_bits) / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const uint64_t center_words_base_index = base_index + 1;
+    const uint64_t tail_word_base_index = center_words_base_index + center_words_count;
+
+    // Three distinct sections, all of which need to support rewinding.
+    // - Head: Setting the leading zeros to one
+    //   - Always exists. Can be a full word, or partial.
+    // - Center: Setting all in-between words to ~0ULL
+    //   - Might not exist if tail is smaller than a word
+    //   - Always full words if it does exist.
+    // - Tail: Set all trailing zeros up to the size to 1
+    //   - Might not exist if Center perfectly aligned to word edge.
+    //   - Always partial words, otherwise it would be considered "Center".
+
+    bool set_head {true};
+    bool set_center {true};
+    bool set_tail {true};
+    size_t num_center_set {};
+
+    // Head first.
+    auto set_head_word = [&]() -> bool {
+      auto head_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index]);
+      auto head_expected_word = head_word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+      uint64_t desired_word {};
+      do {
+        if (head_expected_word & head_bit_mask) {
+          // Another thread raced and allocated.
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        // Set the whole mask in one atomic operation.
+        desired_word = head_expected_word | head_bit_mask;
+      } while (!head_word_atomic.compare_exchange_strong(head_expected_word, desired_word));
+
+      return true;
+    };
+
+    auto clear_head_word = [&]() {
+      auto head_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index]);
+      head_word_atomic.fetch_and(~head_bit_mask);
+    };
+
+    auto set_center_words = [&]() -> bool {
+      const size_t end_center_word_index = center_words_base_index + center_words_count;
+      for (size_t center_index = center_words_base_index; center_index < end_center_word_index; ++center_index) {
+        auto center_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[center_index]);
+        auto center_expected_word = center_word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+        // Center words set a full ~0ULL mask.
+        const uint64_t desired_word {~0ULL};
+        do {
+          if (center_expected_word) {
+            // Another thread raced and allocated.
+            return false;
+          }
+        } while (!center_word_atomic.compare_exchange_strong(center_expected_word, desired_word));
+
+        ++num_center_set;
+      }
+
+      return true;
+    };
+
+    auto clear_center_words = [&]() {
+      const size_t end_center_word_index = center_words_base_index + num_center_set;
+      for (size_t center_index = center_words_base_index; center_index < end_center_word_index; ++center_index) {
+        auto center_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[center_index]);
+        center_word_atomic.store(0);
+      }
+    };
+
+    auto set_tail_word = [&]() -> bool {
+      auto tail_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[tail_word_base_index]);
+      auto tail_expected_word = tail_word_atomic.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+
+      uint64_t desired_word {};
+      do {
+        if (tail_expected_word & tail_bit_mask) {
+          // Another thread raced and allocated.
+          return false;
+        }
+
+        // Set the whole mask in one atomic operation.
+        desired_word = tail_expected_word | tail_bit_mask;
+      } while (!tail_word_atomic.compare_exchange_strong(tail_expected_word, desired_word));
+
+      return true;
+    };
+
+    set_head = set_head_word();
+
+    // Do the center if it exists.
+    if (set_head && has_center) {
+      set_center = set_center_words();
+    }
+
+    // Do the tail if it exists.
+    if (set_head && set_center && has_tail) {
+      set_tail = set_tail_word();
+    }
+
+    if (set_head && set_center && set_tail) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    // Some stage failed to set, rewind everything.
+    if (set_head) {
+      // Clear the head if it was set
+      clear_head_word();
+    }
+
+    if (has_center && num_center_set) {
+      // `set_center` might not be set, but it still managed to set some of the words.
+      clear_center_words();
+    }
+
+    // Tail doesn't need to rewind as it will never have been set if we got here.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_ATOMICS) && __ARM_FEATURE_ATOMICS == 1
+  // Might violate memory-ordering requirements?
+  // TODO: Verify and enable or delete depending.
+  // Provides an 11% (Cortex-X4) to 25% (AmpereOneA) performance improvement.
+  constexpr static bool use_stclr {};
+  static inline void stclr(uint64_t value, uint64_t* addr) {
+    asm volatile("stclrl %[Val], [%[addr]];" ::[Val] "r"(value), [addr] "r"(addr) : "memory");
+  }
+#endif
+
+  void free_one(size_t index) {
+    const size_t word_index = index / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const size_t word_offset = index % WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    last_allocation_track.set_last_allocation(word_index);
+
+    const uint64_t bic_bit_mask = 1ULL << word_offset;
+#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_ATOMICS) && __ARM_FEATURE_ATOMICS == 1
+    if constexpr (use_stclr) {
+      stclr(bic_bit_mask, &base[word_index]);
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    auto word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[word_index]);
+    word_atomic.fetch_and(~bic_bit_mask);
+  }
+
+  void free_inside_word(size_t index, size_t count) {
+    const size_t word_index = index / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const size_t word_offset = index % WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    auto word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[word_index]);
+    last_allocation_track.set_last_allocation(word_index);
+
+    if (count == WORD_SIZE_BITS) {
+      word_atomic.store(0);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const uint64_t bic_bit_mask = ((1ULL << count) - 1) << word_offset;
+#if defined(__ARM_FEATURE_ATOMICS) && __ARM_FEATURE_ATOMICS == 1
+    if constexpr (use_stclr) {
+      stclr(bic_bit_mask, &base[word_index]);
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
+    word_atomic.fetch_and(~bic_bit_mask);
+  }
+
+  void free_large_amount(size_t index, size_t count) {
+    // Incoming count can be less than WORD_SIZE_BITS if it is unaligned and crossing multiple words.
+    // Needs to always handle at minimum a head plus center and/or tail arrangement.
+    const size_t base_index = index / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const size_t last_index = FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(index + count, WORD_SIZE_BITS) / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const size_t num_words_to_scan = last_index - base_index;
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(num_words_to_scan > 1, "Needs to be larger than 1 ({}, {})", index, count);
+
+    size_t remaining_bits = count;
+
+    const uint64_t head_offset_start = index % WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    const uint64_t head_bits = WORD_SIZE_BITS - head_offset_start;
+
+    uint64_t head_mask = head_bits == WORD_SIZE_BITS ? ~0ULL : (((1ULL << head_bits) - 1) << head_offset_start);
+
+    remaining_bits -= head_bits;
+    auto head_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index]);
+    head_word_atomic.fetch_and(~head_mask);
+
+    const size_t remaining_center_words = remaining_bits / WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < remaining_center_words; ++i) {
+      // Handle centers if they exist.
+      auto center_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index + i + 1]);
+      center_word_atomic.store(0);
+      remaining_bits -= WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+    }
+
+    if (remaining_bits) {
+      // Handle tail if they exist, must always be less than WORD_SIZE_BITS.
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(remaining_bits < WORD_SIZE_BITS, "Too large");
+      const uint64_t tail_mask = (1ULL << remaining_bits) - 1;
+
+      auto tail_word_atomic = std::atomic_ref<uint64_t>(base[base_index + remaining_center_words + 1]);
+      tail_word_atomic.fetch_and(~tail_mask);
+    }
+  }
+};
+} // namespace FEXCore::Utils

FEXCore/Source/Utils/atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator.h

@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/TypeDefines.h>
+#include "Utils/atomic_bitset.h"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <optional>
+
+namespace FEXCore::Utils {
+struct bitmap_allocator_settings {
+  std::array<uint32_t, 3> bucket_sizes;
+  std::array<uint32_t, 3> bucket_allocation_percentages;
+};
+
+// Default allocation settings passed through template for easy tinkering.
+constexpr static bitmap_allocator_settings fex_default_allocator_settings = {
+  .bucket_sizes =
+    {
+      16,   // 16B - 1KB
+      512,  // 512B - 32KB
+      2048, // 2KB - 128KB
+    },
+  .bucket_allocation_percentages =
+    {
+      // 16B bucket special cased to allocate remaining space left over from other buckets.
+      100,
+      // 40% in the 512B bucket.
+      40,
+      // 10% in the 2KB bucket.
+      10,
+    },
+};
+
+/**
+ * A bitmap allocator that is segmented in to three partitioned buckets, with atomic memory allocation.
+ *
+ * This class is strongly coupled with FEXCore::Utils::atomic_bitset to have fast and relatively efficient bitmap allocation in a lock-free
+ * fashion. The bucket granule sizes are roughly calculated to match FEX's needs for typical allocation ranges in a single atomic word. It
+ * supports allocating larger than an atomic word worth of granules with the expectation that those are relatively uncommon. Once a bucket
+ * is full, the allocation has a chance to be allocated in to another bucket at a slightly less efficient space usage This is with the
+ * expectation that we want to keep a buffer around as long as possible, without allocating a new one as buffer migrating is expensive.
+ *
+ * TODO: In the future this will support scaling bucket percentages based on which ones filled first. This is currently disabled.
+ */
+template<bitmap_allocator_settings settings = fex_default_allocator_settings>
+class atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator final {
+public:
+  ~atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator() {
+    deinit();
+  }
+
+  // Initialize segmented allocator asking for a specific arena size.
+  // Bitset tracking arena allocations will allocate an independent buffer independent of arena size.
+  void init(size_t arena_size) {
+    deinit();
+
+    // Align up to page.
+    arena_size = FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(arena_size, FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE);
+
+    const auto total_bitset_tracking_memory = calculate_bucket_granules_and_bitset_sizes(arena_size);
+
+    // RWX for JIT buffer
+    arena_base = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualAlloc(arena_size, true));
+    arena_base_size = arena_size;
+
+    // RW for bitset buffer
+    const auto bitset_size_aligned_to_page = FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(total_bitset_tracking_memory, FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE);
+    bitset_base = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualAlloc(bitset_size_aligned_to_page, false));
+    bitset_base_size = bitset_size_aligned_to_page;
+
+    // Name the buffer. This is only going to be used for the JIT right now.
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualName("FEXMemJIT", arena_base, arena_size);
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualName("FEXMem_Misc", bitset_base, bitset_base_size);
+
+    // THP enabled for both buffers.
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualTHPControl(arena_base, arena_size, FEXCore::Allocator::THPControl::Enable);
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualTHPControl(bitset_base, bitset_base_size, FEXCore::Allocator::THPControl::Enable);
+
+    initialize_bitsets_for_buckets();
+  }
+
+  void deinit() {
+    if (arena_base) {
+      FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualFree(arena_base, arena_base_size);
+    }
+
+    if (bitset_base) {
+      FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualFree(bitset_base, bitset_base_size);
+    }
+
+    arena_base = nullptr;
+    bitset_base = nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Allocate memory.
+  // Returns nullptr on failure to allocate.
+  void* allocate(size_t size) {
+    const auto allocation_order = find_allocation_order(size);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < num_bitset_buckets; ++i) {
+      const auto bitset_index = get_bitset_index_from_allocation_order(allocation_order, i);
+      auto& bucket = bitset_buckets[bitset_index];
+
+      if (!bucket.bucket_allocation_size) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const auto bucket_granule_size = bitset_buckets[bitset_index].bucket_granule_size;
+      const auto aligned_size = FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(size, bucket_granule_size);
+      const auto bits_to_allocate = FEXCore::DividePow2(aligned_size, bucket_granule_size);
+
+      auto allocated_bitset_index = bucket.atomic_bitset.allocate(bits_to_allocate);
+
+      if (allocated_bitset_index == bucket.atomic_bitset.invalid()) {
+        // Mark that the bucket might be full and continue going.
+        mark_bucket_potentially_full(bucket, bitset_index);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      // Bitset range allocated, get the pointer.
+      return get_ptr_from_bitset(bucket, allocated_bitset_index);
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  // Free memory.
+  void free(void* ptr, size_t size) {
+    for (auto& bucket : bitset_buckets) {
+      if (ptr >= bucket.bucket_allocation_base && ptr < (bucket.bucket_allocation_base + bucket.bucket_allocation_size)) {
+        // Pointer base must be aligned to granule size, but size doesn't need to be.
+        // User could have asked for a smaller size and we rounded up to the larger granule.
+        LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(ptr) % bucket.bucket_granule_size == 0, "Pointer was not aligned to bucket granule "
+                                                                                              "size!");
+
+        const auto bitset_index = FEXCore::DividePow2(
+          (reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(ptr) - reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(bucket.bucket_allocation_base)), bucket.bucket_granule_size);
+        const auto bitset_count = FEXCore::DividePow2(FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(size, bucket.bucket_granule_size), bucket.bucket_granule_size);
+        bucket.atomic_bitset.free(bitset_index, bitset_count);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    LogMan::Msg::AFmt("Attempted to free a pointer that isn't tracked in the bitmap?");
+  }
+
+  // Completely clear the allocator.
+  // Not thread safe!
+  void clear() {
+    // VirtualDontNeed replaces pages with zero page.
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualDontNeed(arena_base, arena_base_size);
+    FEXCore::Allocator::VirtualDontNeed(bitset_base, bitset_base_size);
+
+    // Reinitialize the bitsets.
+    initialize_bitsets_for_buckets();
+    bucket_filled_order = ~0ULL;
+  }
+
+  // Reevaluate bucket allocation capacity percentages.
+  // Not thread safe!
+  void reevaluate_bucket_allocations_percentages() {
+    if (bucket_filled_order.load() == ~0ULL) {
+      // Buckets never claimed that they could be full.
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Adjust `bitset_allocation_percentages` based on fill order.
+    // TODO: Reallocate bitsets with `calculate_bucket_granules_and_bitset_sizes`
+    // Statistically for a Denuvo game, likely bucket[0] will be the first to fill, which will consume additional resources from the larger buckets.
+    // Statistically for any other game, likely bucket[1] will be the first to fill, which will consume additional resources from bucket[0].
+    // TODO: Gather growth statistics from a variety of titles to determine trends.
+
+    // Reset bucket fill order.
+    bucket_filled_order = ~0ULL;
+  }
+
+  // Debugger routines.
+  // Returns a bucket index if the pointer exists in it.
+  ssize_t find_bucket_index(void* ptr) const {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < bitset_buckets.size(); ++i) {
+      const auto& bucket = bitset_buckets[i];
+      if (ptr >= bucket.bucket_allocation_base && ptr < (bucket.bucket_allocation_base + bucket.bucket_allocation_size)) {
+        return i;
+      }
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  // Returns the number of buckets.
+  // Although they may be empty without the ability to allocate.
+  size_t num_buckets() const {
+    return bitset_buckets.size();
+  }
+
+  struct bucket_alloc_information {
+    size_t granule_size {};
+    size_t allocated {};
+    size_t free {};
+  };
+
+  // Returns information about a bucket's granule allocations.
+  std::optional<bucket_alloc_information> get_granule_information(size_t bucket_index) const {
+    if (bucket_index >= bitset_buckets.size()) {
+      return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    const auto& bucket = bitset_buckets[bucket_index];
+    const auto count = bucket.atomic_bitset.popcount();
+
+    return bucket_alloc_information {
+      .granule_size = bucket.bucket_granule_size,
+      .allocated = count,
+      .free = bucket.atomic_bitset.size_in_bits() - count,
+    };
+  }
+
+private:
+  // Arena base.
+  uint8_t* arena_base {};
+  size_t arena_base_size {};
+
+  // Bitset tracking.
+  uint8_t* bitset_base {};
+  size_t bitset_base_size {};
+
+  // Bucket sizes are important for how much can be allocated in a single 64-bit atomic operation.
+  // Ensure these two buffers are sorted by size.
+  constexpr static std::array<uint32_t, 3> bucket_granule_sizes = settings.bucket_sizes;
+
+  // These must be power of two.
+  static_assert(std::has_single_bit(bucket_granule_sizes[0]));
+  static_assert(std::has_single_bit(bucket_granule_sizes[1]));
+  static_assert(std::has_single_bit(bucket_granule_sizes[2]));
+
+  // Ordered by size.
+  static_assert(bucket_granule_sizes[0] < bucket_granule_sizes[1]);
+  static_assert(bucket_granule_sizes[1] < bucket_granule_sizes[2]);
+
+  constexpr static size_t num_bitset_buckets = bucket_granule_sizes.size();
+  constexpr static size_t bitset_index_shift = 2;
+  constexpr static size_t bitset_index_mask = (1U << bitset_index_shift) - 1;
+
+  struct bucket_information {
+    // Memory that the bitset is controlling
+    uint8_t* bucket_allocation_base {};
+    size_t bucket_allocation_size {};
+
+    // Memory backing the bitset itself.
+    uint8_t* bitset_memory_base {};
+    size_t bitset_memory_size {};
+
+    // The allocation granule of the bitset.
+    size_t bucket_granule_size {};
+
+    // std::atomic<bool>::fetch_or isn't required to be implemented, so use uint8_t instead.
+    std::atomic<uint8_t> marked_potentially_full {};
+    FEXCore::Utils::atomic_bitset<true, false> atomic_bitset {};
+  };
+
+  // Order in which the buckets filled for heuristic scaling of bucket sizes.
+  std::atomic<uint64_t> bucket_filled_order {~0ULL};
+  std::array<bucket_information, num_bitset_buckets> bitset_buckets {};
+
+  // TODO: Support scaling bitset bucket percentages by order in which they filled.
+  // Currently this is const and can't change when the buckets run out of space.
+  constexpr static std::array<uint64_t, num_bitset_buckets> bitset_allocation_percentages {
+    settings.bucket_allocation_percentages[0],
+    settings.bucket_allocation_percentages[1],
+    settings.bucket_allocation_percentages[2],
+  };
+
+  // bucket[0] is special cased to catch everything remaining.
+  static_assert(settings.bucket_allocation_percentages[0] == 100);
+
+  // Calculate bitset sizes based on percentages of the arena size.
+  // eg - split at 50+40+10:
+  //   - 16MB:  8MB + 6.4MB + 1.6MB
+  //   - 128MB: 64MB + 51.2MB + 12.8MB
+  size_t calculate_bucket_granules_and_bitset_sizes(size_t arena_size) {
+    size_t total_bitset_range {};
+    size_t total_bitset_tracking_memory {};
+
+    for (size_t inverse_i = bucket_granule_sizes.size(); inverse_i > 0; --inverse_i) {
+      const auto i = inverse_i - 1;
+      const size_t bucket_granule_size = bucket_granule_sizes[i];
+      const auto allocation_percentage = bitset_allocation_percentages[i];
+      auto& bucket = bitset_buckets[i];
+
+      // Set the bucket granule size.
+      bucket.bucket_granule_size = bucket_granule_size;
+
+      // Calculate the amount of space this bitset tracks.
+      // If each bucket is tracking data at all it must track at least one 64-bit atomic word of bits.
+      // 16B bucket:  1KB minimum
+      // 512B bucket: 32KB minimum
+      // 2KB bucket:  128KB minimum
+      // Total: 161KB to reach minimums.
+      //
+      // If minimum of each bucket isn't reached, that bucket allocates **ZERO**
+      size_t bucket_track_size {};
+      if (allocation_percentage == 100) {
+        // Use the remaining size to allocate in special case.
+        bucket_track_size = FEXCore::AlignDown(arena_size - total_bitset_range, bucket_granule_size * WORD_SIZE_BITS);
+      } else {
+        bucket_track_size = FEXCore::AlignDown(arena_size * allocation_percentage / 100, bucket_granule_size * WORD_SIZE_BITS);
+      }
+
+      const auto tracked_bits = FEXCore::DividePow2(bucket_track_size, bucket_granule_size);
+      const auto bitset_memory_size = tracked_bits / 8;
+      bucket.bucket_allocation_size = bucket_track_size;
+      bucket.bitset_memory_size = bitset_memory_size;
+
+      // Mark the bucket as empty if it has no size.
+      bucket.marked_potentially_full.store(bucket_track_size == 0, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      total_bitset_range += bucket_track_size;
+      total_bitset_tracking_memory += bitset_memory_size;
+
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(tracked_bits % WORD_SIZE_BITS == 0, "Wasn't aligned to 64-bits!");
+    }
+
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT((arena_size - total_bitset_range) == 0, "Still had {} bytes remaining in bitmap allocator init",
+                       (arena_size - total_bitset_range));
+
+    return total_bitset_tracking_memory;
+  }
+
+  void initialize_bitsets_for_buckets() {
+    uint8_t* current_base_arena = arena_base;
+    uint8_t* current_base_bitset = bitset_base;
+    for (auto& bucket : bitset_buckets) {
+      if (!bucket.bucket_allocation_size) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const auto tracked_bits = FEXCore::DividePow2(bucket.bucket_allocation_size, bucket.bucket_granule_size);
+
+      bucket.bucket_allocation_base = current_base_arena;
+      bucket.atomic_bitset.init(current_base_bitset, tracked_bits);
+
+      current_base_arena += bucket.bucket_allocation_size;
+      current_base_bitset += bucket.bitset_memory_size;
+    }
+
+    current_base_bitset =
+      reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(reinterpret_cast<uint64_t>(current_base_bitset), FEXCore::Utils::FEX_PAGE_SIZE));
+    LogMan::Throw::AFmt(current_base_arena == (arena_base + arena_base_size), "Failed arena math: 0x{:x} != expected 0x{:x}",
+                        (uint64_t)current_base_arena, (uint64_t)arena_base + arena_base_size);
+    LogMan::Throw::AFmt(current_base_bitset == (bitset_base + bitset_base_size), "Failed bitset math: 0x{:x} != expected 0x{:x}",
+                        (uint64_t)current_base_bitset, (uint64_t)bitset_base + bitset_base_size);
+  }
+
+  // Marking a bucket as potentially being full.
+  // Doesn't necessarily mean it is actually full, just allocations have started failing.
+  // Which this could mean high fragmentation or actually full.
+  // Regardless mark the buffer based on order of allocations failing.
+  void mark_bucket_potentially_full(bucket_information& bucket, size_t bitset_index) {
+    if (bucket.marked_potentially_full.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // fetch_or is faster than CAS here.
+    bool previous_full = bucket.marked_potentially_full.fetch_or(true);
+    if (previous_full) {
+      // Another thread already marking it as full. Minor race.
+      return;
+    }
+
+    uint64_t expected = bucket_filled_order.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    uint64_t desired;
+
+    do {
+      desired = (expected << bitset_index_shift) | bitset_index;
+    } while (!bucket_filled_order.compare_exchange_strong(expected, desired));
+  }
+
+  // Return a pointer to the data backing the bitset based on allocation index.
+  void* get_ptr_from_bitset(const bucket_information& bucket, size_t allocation_index) const {
+    return bucket.bucket_allocation_base + bucket.bucket_granule_size * allocation_index;
+  }
+
+  // Returns an ordered list of bitsets for which bitsets we should allocate from.
+  // Always returns all the bitsets but fitment of the heuristic may change the order.
+  // LSB is highest priority, MSB is lowest priority.
+  uint64_t find_allocation_order(size_t size) const {
+    // Align up by the size of the smallest bucket size
+    size = FEXCore::AlignUpPowerOf2(size, bitset_buckets[0].bucket_granule_size);
+
+    struct tracking {
+      int32_t index {};
+    };
+
+    // This is effectively setup to be a linear scan std::deque, but without the slow overhead of std::deque.
+    std::array<tracking, num_bitset_buckets> remaining_bitsets = {{
+      {.index = 0},
+      {.index = 1},
+      {.index = 2},
+    }};
+
+    // Check exact size match.
+    int32_t exact_match_index = -1;
+    int32_t smallest_single_atomic_index = -1;
+    for (auto it = remaining_bitsets.begin(); it != remaining_bitsets.end(); ++it) {
+      auto& bitset_tracking = *it;
+      const auto bitset_index = bitset_tracking.index;
+      const auto bucket_granule_size = bitset_buckets[bitset_index].bucket_granule_size;
+
+      if (bucket_granule_size == size) {
+        exact_match_index = bitset_index;
+        bitset_tracking.index = -1;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Check for smallest match within a 64-bit atomic.
+    for (auto it = remaining_bitsets.begin(); it != remaining_bitsets.end(); ++it) {
+      auto& bitset_tracking = *it;
+      if (bitset_tracking.index == -1) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const auto bitset_index = bitset_tracking.index;
+      const auto bucket_granule_size = bitset_buckets[bitset_index].bucket_granule_size;
+
+      if (size < bucket_granule_size) {
+        // If the allocation size is smaller than a single bit, then skip this.
+        // Ensures we don't burn 2KB buckets with 128B allocations unnecessarily.
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const auto bucket_granule_size_per_atomic_word = bucket_granule_size * WORD_SIZE_BITS;
+
+      if (size <= bucket_granule_size_per_atomic_word) {
+        // Fits within a single 64-bit atomic.
+        smallest_single_atomic_index = bitset_index;
+        bitset_tracking.index = -1;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+
+    uint64_t allocation_order {};
+    uint64_t current_shift {};
+
+    // Exact match has highest priority.
+    if (exact_match_index != -1) {
+      allocation_order = exact_match_index;
+      current_shift += bitset_index_shift;
+    }
+
+    // Smallest fit within a single atomic word has second priority.
+    if (smallest_single_atomic_index != -1) {
+      allocation_order |= (smallest_single_atomic_index << current_shift);
+      current_shift += bitset_index_shift;
+    }
+
+    // Remaining is sorted by smallest->largest bucket size;
+    // TODO: Might lead to the bitset allocation heuristic to favor scaling the lower bucket sizes to a larger percentage.
+    for (auto it : remaining_bitsets) {
+      if (it.index == -1) {
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      allocation_order |= (it.index << current_shift);
+      current_shift += bitset_index_shift;
+    }
+
+    return allocation_order;
+  }
+
+  constexpr static size_t get_bitset_index_from_allocation_order(uint64_t allocation_order, size_t index) {
+    return (allocation_order >> (index * bitset_index_shift)) & bitset_index_mask;
+  }
+
+  constexpr static size_t WORD_SIZE_BITS = sizeof(uint64_t) * 8;
+};
+} // namespace FEXCore::Utils

FEXCore/Source/Utils/crc32.h

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#if defined(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
+#include <arm_acle.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace FEXCore::Utils {
+template<typename T>
+static inline uint32_t crc32(const T* Ptr, size_t Size) {
+  uint32_t Result {};
+#if defined(ARCHITECTURE_arm64)
+#define do_crc(type, suffix)                                               \
+  while (Size >= sizeof(type)) {                                           \
+    Result = __crc32##suffix(Result, *reinterpret_cast<const type*>(Ptr)); \
+    Ptr += sizeof(type);                                                   \
+    Size -= sizeof(type);                                                  \
+  }
+  do_crc(uint64_t, d);
+  do_crc(uint32_t, w);
+  do_crc(uint16_t, h);
+  do_crc(uint8_t, b);
+#undef do_crc
+#else
+  // Emulate arm64 crc32.
+  // This is basically just the pseudo-code for crc32b.
+  // Doesn't need to be fast, just needs to match.
+  auto reverse_bits = [](auto bits) {
+    decltype(bits) Result {};
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < (sizeof(decltype(bits)) * 8); ++i) {
+      Result = (Result << 1) | ((bits >> i) & 1);
+    }
+    return Result;
+  };
+
+  auto Poly32Mod2 = [](uint64_t data) -> uint32_t {
+    constexpr static size_t bits = 40;
+    constexpr static uint64_t poly = 0x04C11DB7U;
+    for (size_t i = (bits - 1); i >= 32; --i) {
+      if (((data >> i) & 1) != 0) {
+        const uint64_t poly_shift = poly << (i - 32);
+        const uint64_t data_mask = (1ULL << i) - 1;
+        data = (data & data_mask) ^ poly_shift;
+      }
+    }
+
+    return data;
+  };
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < Size; ++i) {
+    uint64_t TempAcc = static_cast<uint64_t>(reverse_bits(Result)) << 8;
+    uint64_t TempVal = static_cast<uint64_t>(reverse_bits(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(Ptr)[i])) << 32;
+    Result = reverse_bits(Poly32Mod2(TempAcc ^ TempVal));
+  }
+#endif
+  return Result;
+}
+} // namespace FEXCore::Utils

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Config/Config.h

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ namespace Handler {
 enum ConfigOption {
 #define OPT_BASE(type, group, enum, json, default) CONFIG_##enum,
 #include <FEXCore/Config/ConfigValues.inl>
+  CONFIG_MAX,
 };
 
 #define ENUMDEFINES
@@ -116,11 +117,13 @@ namespace detail {
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void SetDataDirectory(std::string_view Path, bool Global);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void SetConfigDirectory(const std::string_view Path, bool Global);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void SetConfigFileLocation(std::string_view Path, bool Global);
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void SetCacheDirectory(const std::string_view Path);
 
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY const fextl::string& GetDataDirectory(bool Global = false);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY const fextl::string& GetConfigDirectory(bool Global);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY const fextl::string& GetConfigFileLocation(bool Global = false);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY fextl::string GetApplicationConfig(const std::string_view Program, bool Global);
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY const fextl::string& GetCacheDirectory();
 
 using LayerValue = std::variant< fextl::string, StringArrayType, uint8_t, int8_t, uint16_t, int16_t, uint32_t, int32_t, uint64_t, int64_t, bool >;
 
@@ -228,6 +231,8 @@ FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY std::optional<T> GetConv(ConfigOption Option);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY std::optional<fextl::string*> Get(ConfigOption Option);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void Set(ConfigOption Option, std::string_view Data);
 FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void Erase(ConfigOption Option);
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY fextl::string SerializeForCache();
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY bool CheckConfigMatches(std::string_view Config);
 
 template<typename T>
 class FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY Value {
@@ -292,6 +297,16 @@ struct FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY Getter : public Value<typename detail::ConfigOptio
   using OptionInfo = detail::ConfigOptionInfo<Option>;
   Getter()
     : Value<typename OptionInfo::Type> {Option, OptionInfo::Default()} {}
+
+  // Check if the config option is actually the default.
+  bool IsDefault() const {
+    auto Value = FEXCore::Config::GetConv<typename detail::ConfigOptionInfo<Option>::Type>(Option);
+    if (!Value) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return *Value == OptionInfo::Default();
+  }
 };
 
 /**

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Core/CodeCache.h

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ struct ExecutableFileInfo {
   uint64_t FileId = 0;
   fextl::string Filename;
   fextl::robin_map<uint32_t, GuestRelocationType> Relocations;
+  uint64_t MappedSize = 0;
 };
 
 // Information associated with a specific section of an executable file
@@ -234,14 +235,6 @@ class AbstractCodeCache {
 public:
   virtual ~AbstractCodeCache() = default;
 
-  /**
-   * Computes a unique identifier for the referenced binary file to be used for
-   * generating the code map.
-   * This identifier is independent of FEX build/runtime configuration and
-   * stable across FEX updates.
-   */
-  virtual uint64_t ComputeCodeMapId(std::string_view Filename, int FD) = 0;
-
   /**
    * Bundles the current Core state (CodeBuffer, GuestToHostMapping, ...) to a code cache and writes it to the given file descriptor.
    * Returns true on success.

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Core/Context.h

@@ -113,15 +113,12 @@ public:
    * @brief Create a new thread object that doesn't inherit any state.
    * Used to create FEX thread objects in preparation for creating a true OS thread.
    *
-   * @param InitialRIP The starting RIP of this thread
-   * @param StackPointer The starting RSP of this thread
    * @param NewThreadState The thread state to inherit from if not nullptr.
    *
    * @return A new InternalThreadState object for using with a new guest thread.
    */
 
-  FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY virtual FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState*
-  CreateThread(uint64_t InitialRIP, uint64_t StackPointer, const FEXCore::Core::CPUState* NewThreadState = nullptr) = 0;
+  FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY virtual FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* CreateThread(const FEXCore::Core::CPUState* NewThreadState = nullptr) = 0;
 
   FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY virtual void DestroyThread(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread) = 0;
 #ifndef _WIN32
@@ -136,6 +133,8 @@ public:
   FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY virtual FEXCore::CPUID::XCRResults RunXCRFunction(uint32_t Function) = 0;
   FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY virtual FEXCore::CPUID::FunctionResults RunCPUIDFunctionName(uint32_t Function, uint32_t Leaf, uint32_t CPU) = 0;
 
+  virtual void InitDiskCache() = 0;
+
   virtual AbstractCodeCache& GetCodeCache() = 0;
   virtual void SetCodeMapWriter(fextl::unique_ptr<CodeMapWriter>) = 0;
   virtual void FlushAndCloseCodeMap() = 0;

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Core/CoreState.h

@@ -350,6 +350,7 @@ struct JITPointers {
   uint64_t MonoBackpatcherWrite {};
   uint64_t LUDIV {};
   uint64_t LDIV {};
+  uint64_t RDRANDFallback {};
   uint64_t ThunkCallbackRet {};
 
   // Handles returning/calling ARM64EC code from the JIT, expects the target PC in TMP3
@@ -370,6 +371,8 @@ struct JITPointers {
   uint64_t ExitFunctionLinker {};
   uint64_t ThreadStopHandlerSpillSRA {};
   uint64_t ThreadPauseHandlerSpillSRA {};
+  uint64_t ThreadDispatchSyscallHandler {};
+  uint64_t ThreadDispatchRemoveCodeEntry {};
   uint64_t GuestSignal_SIGILL {};
   uint64_t GuestSignal_SIGTRAP {};
   uint64_t GuestSignal_SIGSEGV {};
@@ -427,7 +430,7 @@ struct CpuStateFrame {
 
   InternalThreadState* Thread;
 
-#ifdef ARCHITECTURE_arm64ec
+#ifdef _WIN32
   // Set by the kernel on ARM64EC whenever the JIT should cooperatively suspend running guest code.
   uint32_t SuspendDoorbell {};
 #endif

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Core/DiskCache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include "FEXCore/Utils/CompilerDefs.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+namespace FEXCore::DiskCache {
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY uint16_t GetFormatVersion();
+} // namespace FEXCore::DiskCache

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Core/DiskCacheFileMapper.h

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include "FEXCore/Utils/CompilerDefs.h"
+#include "FEXCore/Utils/File.h"
+
+namespace FEXCore::DiskCache {
+using FileMapperFunc = void* (*)(FEXCore::File::File::FileHandleType Handle, uint64_t MapSize);
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void SetFileMapper(FileMapperFunc Func);
+} // namespace FEXCore::DiskCache

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Core/HostFeatures.h

@@ -13,62 +13,89 @@ namespace FEXCore {
  * Not the x86->IR process
  */
 struct HostFeatures {
+  // Changes code generation slightly.
+  enum class HostTypeEnum : uint32_t {
+    Unknown,
+    Linux,
+    Wow64,
+    Arm64ec,
+  };
+
   // Whether or not the host supports any kind of SVE implementation.
   [[nodiscard]]
   bool SupportsSVE() const {
     return SupportsSVE128 || SupportsSVE256;
   }
 
-  uint32_t DCacheLineSize {};
-  uint32_t ICacheLineSize {};
-  bool SupportsCacheMaintenanceOps {};
-  bool SupportsAES {};
-  bool SupportsCRC {};
-  bool SupportsCLZERO {};
-  bool SupportsAtomics {};
-  bool SupportsRCPC {};
-  bool SupportsTSOImm9 {};
-  bool SupportsRAND {};
-  bool SupportsAVX {};
-  bool SupportsSVE128 {};
-  bool SupportsSVE256 {};
-  bool SupportsSHA {};
-  bool SupportsPMULL_128Bit {};
-  bool SupportsCSSC {};
-  bool SupportsFCMA {};
-  bool SupportsFlagM {};
-  bool SupportsFlagM2 {};
-  bool SupportsRPRES {};
-  bool SupportsPreserveAllABI {};
-  bool SupportsAES256 {};
-  bool SupportsSVEBitPerm {};
-  bool SupportsCPUIndexInTPIDRRO {};
-  bool SupportsFRINTTS {};
-  bool SupportsECV {};
-  bool SupportsWFXT {};
-  bool Supports3DNow {};
-  bool SupportsSSE4a {};
-  bool SupportsMOPS {};
-  bool PreferZVAForVZero {};
+  [[nodiscard]]
+  uint32_t DCacheSize() const {
+    return 4 << DCacheLineLog2;
+  }
 
-  // Float exception behaviour
-  bool SupportsAFP {};
-  bool SupportsFloatExceptions {};
-
-  // Changes code generation slightly.
-  enum class HostTypeEnum {
-    Unknown,
-    Linux,
-    Wow64,
-    Arm64ec,
+  struct CacheHash {
+    uint64_t HostFeaturesHash;
+    HostTypeEnum HostType;
   };
-  HostTypeEnum HostType {};
 
+  [[nodiscard]]
+  CacheHash HashForCaching() const {
+    static_assert(offsetof(HostFeatures, HostType) == 8);
+
+    CacheHash Result {};
+    memcpy(&Result.HostFeaturesHash, this, sizeof(uint64_t));
+    Result.HostType = HostType;
+
+    return Result;
+  }
+
+  // Affects codegen and is basically machine description.
+  uint32_t DCacheLineLog2              : 4 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsCacheMaintenanceOps : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsAES                 : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsCRC                 : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsCLZERO              : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsAtomics             : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsRCPC                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsTSOImm9             : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsRAND                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsAVX                 : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsSVE128              : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsSVE256              : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsSHA                 : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsPMULL_128Bit        : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsCSSC                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsFCMA                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsFlagM               : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsFlagM2              : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsRPRES               : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsPreserveAllABI      : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsAES256              : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsSVEBitPerm          : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsCPUIndexInTPIDRRO   : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsFRINTTS             : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsECV                 : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsWFXT                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t Supports3DNow               : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsSSE4a               : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsMOPS                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsI8MM                : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsDotProd             : 1 {};
+  uint32_t PreferZVAForVZero           : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsAFP                 : 1 {};
+  uint32_t SupportsFloatExceptions     : 1 {};
   // Flag if this is InstCountCI
-  bool IsInstCountCI {};
+  uint32_t IsInstCountCI : 1 {};
+  uint32_t pad           : 26 {};
+
+  // This affects codegen, but it isn't machine state
+  HostTypeEnum HostType {};
 
   // MIDR information
   // Also used for determining number of CPU cores for CPUID
   fextl::vector<uint32_t> CPUMIDRs;
+
+  // The Linux PID of this process. Useful for punching through perf-top information.
+  uint32_t ProcessPID {};
+  uint32_t pad2 {};
 };
 } // namespace FEXCore

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/HLE/SyscallHandler.h

@@ -17,29 +17,6 @@ struct CpuStateFrame;
 } // namespace FEXCore::Core
 
 namespace FEXCore::HLE {
-struct SyscallArguments {
-  static constexpr std::size_t MAX_ARGS = 7;
-  uint64_t Argument[MAX_ARGS];
-};
-
-struct SyscallABI {
-  // Expectation is that the backend will be aware of how to modify the arguments based on numbering
-  // Only GPRs expected
-  uint8_t NumArgs;
-  // If the syscall has a return then it should be stored in the ABI specific syscall register
-  // Linux = RAX
-  bool HasReturn;
-
-  int32_t HostSyscallNumber;
-};
-
-enum class SyscallOSABI {
-  OS_UNKNOWN,
-  OS_LINUX64,
-  OS_LINUX32,
-  OS_GENERIC, // No JIT-side argument handling, spill/fill all regs.
-};
-
 struct ExecutableRangeInfo {
   uint64_t Base;
   uint64_t Size;
@@ -53,11 +30,8 @@ class SyscallHandler {
 public:
   virtual ~SyscallHandler() = default;
 
-  virtual uint64_t HandleSyscall(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame, FEXCore::HLE::SyscallArguments* Args) = 0;
+  virtual void HandleSyscall(FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame) = 0;
 
-  SyscallOSABI GetOSABI() const {
-    return OSABI;
-  }
   virtual void MarkGuestExecutableRange(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Start, uint64_t Length) {}
   virtual void InvalidateGuestCodeRange(FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Start, uint64_t Length) {}
   virtual void MarkOvercommitRange(uint64_t Start, uint64_t Length) {}
@@ -72,8 +46,5 @@ public:
   }
 
   virtual void SleepThread(FEXCore::Context::Context* CTX, FEXCore::Core::CpuStateFrame* Frame) {}
-
-protected:
-  SyscallOSABI OSABI;
 };
 } // namespace FEXCore::HLE

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/IR/IR.h

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ namespace FEXCore::IR {
 enum NamedVectorConstant : uint8_t {
   NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U16_INDEX = 0,
   NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U16_INDEX_UPPER,
+  NAMED_VECTOR_INCREMENTAL_U8_INDEX,
   NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPS_INVERT,
   NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPS_INVERT_UPPER,
   NAMED_VECTOR_PADDSUBPD_INVERT,

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/AllocatorHooks.h

@@ -166,6 +166,8 @@ FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY extern void InitializeThread();
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
 void SetupAllocatorHooks(void* (*)(void* addr, size_t length, int prot, int flags, int fd, off_t offset), int (*)(void* addr, size_t length));
+#else
+void SetupAllocatorHooks(void (*)(const char* name, const void* address, size_t size));
 #endif
 
 struct FEXAllocOperators {

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/File.h

@@ -3,10 +3,17 @@
 #include <FEXCore/fextl/allocator.h>
 #include <FEXCore/fextl/string.h>
 #include <FEXCore/Utils/EnumOperators.h>
+#include "FEXCore/Utils/LogManager.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
 
 #ifndef _WIN32
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/file.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
 #else
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
 #include <windows.h>
@@ -39,7 +46,8 @@ public:
 
   File() = default;
 
-  File(const char* Filepath, FileModes Modes) {
+  File(const char* Filepath, FileModes Modes, bool Seekable = true)
+    : Seekable {Seekable} {
 #ifndef _WIN32
     auto Disp = TranslateModes(Modes);
     Handle = open(Filepath, Disp, DEFAULT_USER_PERMS);
@@ -62,6 +70,38 @@ public:
     ShouldClose = IsValidHandle;
   }
 
+  File(File&& Other) noexcept
+    : ShouldClose(std::exchange(Other.ShouldClose, false))
+    , IsValidHandle(std::exchange(Other.IsValidHandle, false))
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    , Handle(std::exchange(Other.Handle, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE))
+#else
+    , Handle(std::exchange(Other.Handle, -1))
+#endif
+    , Seekable(std::exchange(Other.Seekable, false))
+    , Locked(std::exchange(Other.Locked, false)) {
+  }
+
+  File& operator=(File&& Other) noexcept {
+    if (this == &Other) {
+      return *this;
+    }
+
+    std::swap(ShouldClose, Other.ShouldClose);
+    std::swap(IsValidHandle, Other.IsValidHandle);
+    std::swap(Handle, Other.Handle);
+    std::swap(Seekable, Other.Seekable);
+    std::swap(Locked, Other.Locked);
+    return *this;
+  }
+
+  File(const File&) = delete;
+  File& operator=(const File&) = delete;
+
+  FileHandleType GetHandle() {
+    return Handle;
+  }
+
   /**
    * @brief Write Bytes to File
    *
@@ -71,6 +111,10 @@ public:
    * @return The number of bytes actually written or -1 on error.
    */
   ssize_t Write(const void* Buffer, size_t Bytes) {
+    if (!Seekable) {
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(false, "Can't use non-positioned ops on a non-seekable file!");
+      return -1;
+    }
 #ifndef _WIN32
     return write(Handle, Buffer, Bytes);
 #else
@@ -97,6 +141,10 @@ public:
    * @return The number of bytes read or -1 on error.
    */
   ssize_t Read(void* Buffer, size_t Bytes) {
+    if (!Seekable) {
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(false, "Can't use non-positioned ops on a non-seekable file!");
+      return -1;
+    }
 #ifndef _WIN32
     return read(Handle, Buffer, Bytes);
 #else
@@ -110,6 +158,80 @@ public:
 #endif
   }
 
+  ssize_t PRead(void* Buffer, size_t Bytes, uint64_t Offset) {
+    if (Seekable) {
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(false, "Can't use positioned ops on a seekable file!");
+      return -1;
+    }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    return pread(Handle, Buffer, Bytes, Offset);
+#else
+    DWORD BytesRead {};
+    OVERLAPPED Overlapped {};
+    Overlapped.Offset = static_cast<DWORD>(Offset);
+    Overlapped.OffsetHigh = static_cast<DWORD>(Offset >> 32);
+    auto Result = ReadFile(Handle, Buffer, Bytes, &BytesRead, &Overlapped);
+    if (Result) {
+      return BytesRead;
+    }
+    // Some error, match Linux side.
+    return -1;
+#endif
+  }
+
+  ssize_t PWrite(const void* Buffer, size_t Bytes, uint64_t Offset) {
+    if (Seekable) {
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(false, "Can't use positioned ops on a seekable file!");
+      return -1;
+    }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    return pwrite(Handle, Buffer, Bytes, Offset);
+#else
+    DWORD BytesWritten {};
+    OVERLAPPED Overlapped {};
+    Overlapped.Offset = static_cast<DWORD>(Offset);
+    Overlapped.OffsetHigh = static_cast<DWORD>(Offset >> 32);
+    auto Result = WriteFile(Handle, Buffer, Bytes, &BytesWritten, &Overlapped);
+    if (Result) {
+      return BytesWritten;
+    }
+    // Some error, match Linux side.
+    return -1;
+#endif
+  }
+
+  bool Lock(uint32_t TimeoutMS) {
+    for (uint32_t i = 0;; ++i) {
+      if (TryLock()) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (i >= TimeoutMS) {
+        return false;
+      }
+      std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(1));
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool Unlock() {
+    if (!Locked) {
+      return false; // we could return true here :thonk:
+    }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    if (flock(Handle, LOCK_UN) == -1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+#else
+    OVERLAPPED Overlapped {};
+    Overlapped.Offset = static_cast<DWORD>(LOCK_SENTINEL_OFFSET);
+    Overlapped.OffsetHigh = static_cast<DWORD>(LOCK_SENTINEL_OFFSET >> 32);
+    if (!UnlockFileEx(Handle, 0, 1, 0, &Overlapped)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+#endif
+    Locked = false;
+    return true;
+  }
+
   ~File() {
     if (!IsValidHandle) {
       return;
@@ -166,6 +288,22 @@ public:
 #endif
   }
 
+  ssize_t Size() {
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    struct stat st;
+    if (fstat(Handle, &st) != 0) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    return st.st_size;
+#else
+    LARGE_INTEGER FileSize;
+    if (!GetFileSizeEx(Handle, &FileSize)) {
+      return -1;
+    }
+    return FileSize.QuadPart;
+#endif
+  }
+
   /**
    * @brief Seek the file pointer location.
    *
@@ -175,6 +313,10 @@ public:
    * @return The current file pointer location or -1.
    */
   ssize_t Seek(ssize_t Distance, SeekOp Op) {
+    if (!Seekable) {
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(false, "Can't use non-positioned ops on a non-seekable file!");
+      return -1;
+    }
 #ifndef _WIN32
     return lseek(Handle, Distance, TranslateSeek(Op));
 #else
@@ -191,15 +333,39 @@ public:
 
 protected:
 
-  File(FileHandleType Handle, bool ShouldClose)
+  File(FileHandleType Handle, bool ShouldClose, bool Seekable = true)
     : ShouldClose {ShouldClose}
     , IsValidHandle {true}
-    , Handle {Handle} {}
+    , Handle {Handle}
+    , Seekable {Seekable} {}
 private:
+  bool TryLock() {
+    if (Locked) {
+      return true;
+    }
+#ifndef _WIN32
+    if (flock(Handle, LOCK_EX | LOCK_NB) == -1) {
+      return false;
+    }
+#else
+    // mimic posix advisory-only lock by locking some unattainably-high bit
+    OVERLAPPED Overlapped {};
+    Overlapped.Offset = static_cast<DWORD>(LOCK_SENTINEL_OFFSET);
+    Overlapped.OffsetHigh = static_cast<DWORD>(LOCK_SENTINEL_OFFSET >> 32);
+    if (!LockFileEx(Handle, LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK | LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY, 0, 1, 0, &Overlapped)) {
+      return false;
+    }
+#endif
+    Locked = true;
+    return true;
+  }
+
   bool ShouldClose {};
   bool IsValidHandle {};
 
   FileHandleType Handle {};
+  bool Seekable = true;
+  bool Locked = false;
 #ifndef _WIN32
   static constexpr int DEFAULT_USER_PERMS = S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO;
 
@@ -240,6 +406,8 @@ private:
   }
 #else
   static constexpr int DEFAULT_SHARE_MODE = FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE;
+  static constexpr uint64_t LOCK_SENTINEL_OFFSET = 1ULL << 62;
+
   struct Disposition {
     uint32_t CreationFlag;
     uint32_t Access;
@@ -254,7 +422,11 @@ private:
       Disp.Access |= GENERIC_WRITE;
     }
     if ((Modes & FileModes::CREATE) == FileModes::CREATE) {
-      Disp.CreationFlag = CREATE_ALWAYS;
+      if ((Modes & FileModes::TRUNCATE) == FileModes::TRUNCATE) {
+        Disp.CreationFlag = CREATE_ALWAYS;
+      } else {
+        Disp.CreationFlag = OPEN_ALWAYS;
+      }
     } else {
       Disp.CreationFlag = OPEN_ALWAYS;
     }

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/FileUtils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/functional.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/string.h>
+
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/CompilerDefs.h>
+
+namespace FEXCore::FileUtils {
+/**
+ * @brief Removes an entirely directory passed in. Including the path itself.
+ *
+ * @return True if the directory didn't exist or was deleted.
+ */
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY bool RecursiveRemoveDirectory(const fextl::string& Directory);
+
+FEX_DEFAULT_VISIBILITY void WalkDirectory(std::string_view Directory,
+                                          fextl::move_only_function<void(std::string_view name, bool is_dir, const void* user_data)> Callback,
+                                          const void* user_data);
+} // namespace FEXCore::FileUtils

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/MathUtils.h

@@ -18,6 +18,18 @@ constexpr uint64_t AlignDown(uint64_t value, uint64_t size) {
   return value - value % size;
 }
 
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr uint64_t AlignUpPowerOf2(uint64_t value, uint64_t size) {
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(std::popcount(size) == 1, "Alignment needs to be power of 2");
+  return (value + size - 1) & ~(size - 1);
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]]
+constexpr uint64_t AlignDownPowerOf2(uint64_t value, uint64_t size) {
+  LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(std::popcount(size) == 1, "Alignment needs to be power of 2");
+  return value & ~(size - 1);
+}
+
 // Returns the ilog2 of a power-of-2 integer.
 // Asserts in the case that the passed in integer is not a power-of-2.
 template<typename T>

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/SHMStats.h

@@ -70,6 +70,11 @@ struct ThreadStats {
   uint64_t AccumulatedCacheWriteLockTime;
 
   uint64_t AccumulatedJITCount;
+
+  uint64_t AccumulatedDiskCacheHitCount;
+  uint64_t AccumulatedDiskCacheMissCount;
+  uint64_t AccumulatedDiskCacheLookupTime;
+  uint64_t Padding;
 };
 
 // Ensure 16-byte alignment to take advantage of ARM single-copy atomicity.

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/SignalScopeGuards.h

@@ -250,19 +250,19 @@ public:
 
 template<template<typename> class LockType = std::unique_lock, typename MutexType>
 [[nodiscard]]
-static auto MaskSignalsAndLockMutex(MutexType& mutex, uint64_t Mask = ~0ULL) {
+static inline auto MaskSignalsAndLockMutex(MutexType& mutex, uint64_t Mask = ~0ULL) {
   return LockType<MutexType> {mutex};
 }
 
 template<template<typename> class LockType = std::unique_lock, typename MutexType>
 [[nodiscard]]
-static auto GuardSignalDeferringSection(MutexType& mutex, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Mask = ~0ULL) {
+static inline auto GuardSignalDeferringSection(MutexType& mutex, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Mask = ~0ULL) {
   return LockType<MutexType> {mutex};
 }
 
 template<template<typename> class LockType = std::unique_lock, typename MutexType>
 [[nodiscard]]
-static auto GuardSignalDeferringSectionWithFallback(MutexType& mutex, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Mask = ~0ULL) {
+static inline auto GuardSignalDeferringSectionWithFallback(MutexType& mutex, FEXCore::Core::InternalThreadState* Thread, uint64_t Mask = ~0ULL) {
   return LockType<MutexType> {mutex};
 }
 

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/ThreadPoolAllocator.h

@@ -162,6 +162,9 @@ public:
   std::optional<ContainerType::iterator> TryToReownBuffer(const ContainerType::iterator& Buffer, size_t Size, BufferOwnedFlag* CurrentClientFlag) {
     ClientFlags Expected = ClientFlags::FLAG_DISOWNED;
     if (!CurrentClientFlag->compare_exchange_strong(Expected, ClientFlags::FLAG_OWNED)) {
+#if defined(ASSERTIONS_ENABLED) && ASSERTIONS_ENABLED
+      LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(Expected != IntrusivePooledAllocator::ClientFlags::FLAG_OWNED, "Tried to reown buffer but it was already owned!");
+#endif
       return std::nullopt;
     }
 
@@ -540,6 +543,20 @@ public:
     return ReownOrClaimBufferWithSize(NewSize).Ptr;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * @brief Assertion feature to check if current buffer is in a disowned or free state.
+   *
+   * Useful to validate that buffers are disowned at the correct places in code.
+   */
+  void ValidateDisownedOrFree() const {
+#if defined(ASSERTIONS_ENABLED) && ASSERTIONS_ENABLED
+    auto OwnedState = ClientOwnedFlag.load();
+    LOGMAN_THROW_A_FMT(
+      OwnedState == IntrusivePooledAllocator::ClientFlags::FLAG_DISOWNED || OwnedState == IntrusivePooledAllocator::ClientFlags::FLAG_FREE,
+      "ThreadPoolAllocator should have been disowned!");
+#endif
+  }
+
   /**
    * @brief Disown or unclaim the buffer, letting the `Allocator` know it can reclaim the buffer
    *

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/Threads.h

@@ -4,10 +4,16 @@
 #include <FEXCore/fextl/memory.h>
 
 namespace FEXCore::Threads {
+
+struct Flags {
+  bool LowPriority : 1 {};
+  bool Internal    : 1 {};
+};
+
 using ThreadFunc = void* (*)(void* user_ptr);
 
 class Thread;
-using CreateThreadFunc = fextl::unique_ptr<Thread> (*)(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg);
+using CreateThreadFunc = fextl::unique_ptr<Thread> (*)(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg, Flags Flags, const char* ThreadName);
 using CleanupAfterForkFunc = void (*)();
 
 struct Pointers {
@@ -28,7 +34,7 @@ public:
    * @name Calls provided API functions
    * @{ */
 
-  static fextl::unique_ptr<Thread> Create(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg);
+  static fextl::unique_ptr<Thread> Create(ThreadFunc Func, void* Arg, Flags Flags = {}, const char* ThreadName = nullptr);
 
   static void CleanupAfterFork();
 

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/WorkQueueThread.h

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#pragma once
+
+#include <FEXCore/Utils/Threads.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/deque.h>
+#include <FEXCore/fextl/memory.h>
+
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace FEXCore {
+
+class WorkQueueThread {
+public:
+  // destroyed after Run()
+  struct WorkItem {
+    virtual ~WorkItem() = default;
+    virtual void Run() = 0;
+  };
+
+  WorkQueueThread(FEXCore::Threads::Flags Flags = {}, const char* ThreadName = nullptr);
+  ~WorkQueueThread();
+
+  void QueueWork(fextl::unique_ptr<WorkItem> Work);
+
+private:
+  // static function for the ::Thread to refer to
+  static void* ThreadEntry(void* Self) {
+    static_cast<WorkQueueThread*>(Self)->ThreadProc();
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  void ThreadProc();
+
+  std::mutex Mutex;
+  std::condition_variable CV;
+  fextl::deque<fextl::unique_ptr<WorkItem>> Queue;
+  bool Stop = false;
+
+  fextl::unique_ptr<FEXCore::Threads::Thread> Thread;
+};
+} // namespace FEXCore

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/Utils/WritePriorityMutex.h

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <atomic>
 #include <cstdint>
+#include <limits.h>
 
 #if !defined(_WIN32)
 #include <linux/futex.h> /* Definition of FUTEX_* constants */

FEXCore/include/FEXCore/fextl/functional.h

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public:
 
       // Second, wrap the relocated argument in a single-capture lambda
       auto wrapped_lambda = [moved_lambda](Args... args) {
-        return (*moved_lambda)(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
+        return std::invoke(*moved_lambda, std::forward<Args>(args)...);
       };
 
       // Third, assign the result to std::function, ensuring it's indeed

FEXCore/unittests/APITests/AtomicBitmapAllocator.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+#include <catch2/catch_all.hpp>
+#include <unordered_set>
+
+#include "Utils/atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator.h"
+
+TEST_CASE("Single") {
+  FEXCore::Utils::atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator alloc {};
+  alloc.init(4096);
+  alloc.init(162 * 1024);
+  alloc.init(1280 * 1024);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Single - tiny") {
+  FEXCore::Utils::atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator alloc {};
+  alloc.init(4096);
+  std::map<void*, uint64_t> hits {};
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+    auto ptr = alloc.allocate(16);
+    CHECK(ptr != nullptr);
+
+    // Count any potential duplicate hits.
+    hits[ptr] += 1;
+  }
+
+  // Ensure all hits aren't duplicated.
+  for (auto hit : hits) {
+    CHECK(hit.second == 1);
+  }
+
+  // Final allocation should fail.
+  CHECK(alloc.allocate(16) == nullptr);
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Single - tiny failover") {
+  FEXCore::Utils::atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator alloc {};
+
+  // Should give 6400 + 128 + 0 allocation counts with the default buckets.
+  const size_t allocation_size = 164 * 1024;
+  alloc.init(allocation_size);
+
+  std::map<void*, uint64_t> hits {};
+  std::unordered_set<ssize_t> hit_buckets;
+
+  void* ptr {};
+  while ((ptr = alloc.allocate(16)) != nullptr) {
+    // Count any potential duplicate hits.
+    hits[ptr] += 1;
+    hit_buckets.emplace(alloc.find_bucket_index(ptr));
+  }
+
+  // Ensure all hits aren't duplicated.
+  for (auto hit : hits) {
+    CHECK(hit.second == 1);
+  }
+
+  // Ensure at least two buckets were hit.
+  size_t buckets {};
+  size_t total_memory {};
+  for (auto index : hit_buckets) {
+    REQUIRE(index != -1);
+    buckets++;
+
+    const auto granule_information = alloc.get_granule_information(index);
+    REQUIRE(granule_information.has_value());
+    CHECK(granule_information->free == 0);
+    total_memory += granule_information->allocated * granule_information->granule_size;
+  }
+
+  CHECK(buckets > 1);
+  CHECK(total_memory == allocation_size);
+
+  // Walk all the allocations and free them.
+  for (auto hit : hits) {
+    alloc.free(hit.first, 16);
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("Single - tiny - free") {
+  FEXCore::Utils::atomic_segmented_bitmap_allocator alloc {};
+
+  std::vector<void*> values {};
+  values.resize(256);
+  alloc.init(4096);
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+    auto ptr = alloc.allocate(16);
+    values[i] = ptr;
+  }
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+    alloc.free(values[i], 16);
+  }
+}