Mac in the headset: use the Frame's USB-C network when plugged in; Steam streaming findings

- Plugged into the Mac, the Frame is a USB network device ("Steam Frame",
  usb0 at ~0.9 ms). The tunnel uses it when the Frame's usb0 answers,
  with the usual host key; otherwise the normal path. Interleaved runs:
  content p50 7 vs 10 ms, click to drawn 17 vs 27 ms, scroll p95 23 vs
  31-37 ms. FRAME_MACVIEW_USB=0 turns it off; the card says "over USB-C".
- Bench: --usb, and the route is recorded per run.
- Docs: Steam's own streaming (no SteamVR host on macOS; Remote Play pairs
  but streams games, not windows; test blocked); the Frame's USB network;
  the 2026-09-28 health-check boot-loop recurrence.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
saphidandClaude Opus 5.5 committed 2026-09-28 21:33:31 +10:00
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+677
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@@ -0,0 +1,677 @@
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+682
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,682 @@
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"mbps": 9.0,
"content_p50": 20.6,
"content_p95": 31.2,
"bitrate": 14860800,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1920,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 13,
"fps": 57,
"mbps": 8.84,
"content_p50": 19.6,
"content_p95": 25.3,
"bitrate": 14860800,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1920,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 14,
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"mbps": 9.17,
"content_p50": 19.3,
"content_p95": 27.8,
"bitrate": 14860800,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1920,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 15,
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"mbps": 1.52,
"content_p50": 19.3,
"content_p95": 30.0,
"bitrate": 14860800,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1920,
"net": null
}
],
"adapt": [],
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"input_p50": null,
"input_p95": null,
"grades": {
"content_p50": "local",
"content_p95": "local",
"fps": "acceptable",
"late_pct": "acceptable",
"stall_max": "bad"
},
"controller": {
"adapt": true,
"baseRtt": 6.959,
"ceiling": 14860800,
"fps": 60,
"inFlight": 2,
"scale": 1,
"slack": 43.54,
"target": 14860800,
"tier": 0
},
"events": [
{
"t": 1.09,
"e": "down to 7430 kbit/s: queue 131 ms, held 3, oldest 231 ms, base 6 ms, sent 4272 got 3724 wants 9321"
}
],
"source_fps": 57.0,
"cpu": {
"mac_agent_pct": 8.5,
"frame_viewer_pct": 71.7,
"frame_tailscaled_pct": 8.4,
"frame_sshd_pct": 0.9,
"frame_gamescope_pct": 8.4,
"frame_total_pct": 30.1
},
"viewer": "h264 software; ANGLE (Mesa, zink Vulkan 1.4(Turnip Adreno (TM) 750 (MESA_TURNIP)), OpenGL 4.6); raf 139 Hz",
"show_s": 1.25,
"panel": "valve.steam.desktopgame.2001195625",
"src": "separate:8050"
}
]
}
+682
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,682 @@
{
"label": "wifi2",
"date": "2026-09-28T21:18:40",
"commit": "1d05f57",
"config": {
"quality": "balanced",
"mode": "separate",
"net": "none",
"delay_ms": 0,
"buffer_ms": 250,
"host": "frame",
"ssh_opts": [],
"encoder": "",
"duration_s": 15.0,
"browser_flags": []
},
"frame_build": "20260925.6191901",
"mac": "26.5.2",
"headset": "",
"scenarios": [
{
"scenario": "test",
"frames_sent": 902,
"frames_drawn": 902,
"frames_shown": 604,
"duration_s": 15.2,
"stages_ms": {
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"p50": 0.0,
"p95": 0.0,
"p99": 0.0,
"n": 902
},
"queue": {
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"p99": 0.1,
"n": 902
},
"encode": {
"p50": 4.3,
"p95": 5.0,
"p99": 5.3,
"n": 902
},
"socket": {
"p50": 0.1,
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"n": 902
},
"network": {
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},
"decode": {
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},
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},
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},
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},
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"n": 604
}
},
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"stall_max": 187.5,
"stalls_over_100ms": 1,
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"keyframes": 1,
"size": "1280x720",
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},
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},
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},
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},
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}
},
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},
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{
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},
{
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},
{
"t": 2,
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},
{
"t": 3,
"fps": 60,
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"net": null
},
{
"t": 4,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.48,
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"bitrate": 3091280,
"tier": 0,
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"net": null
},
{
"t": 5,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.47,
"content_p50": 10.0,
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"bitrate": 4757991,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 6,
"fps": 60,
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"net": null
},
{
"t": 7,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.47,
"content_p50": 9.8,
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"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 8,
"fps": 60,
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"tier": 0,
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"net": null
},
{
"t": 9,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.47,
"content_p50": 10.0,
"content_p95": 13.2,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 10,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.47,
"content_p50": 10.2,
"content_p95": 12.5,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 11,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.45,
"content_p50": 9.9,
"content_p95": 11.6,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 12,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.46,
"content_p50": 10.0,
"content_p95": 11.6,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
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"net": null
},
{
"t": 13,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.47,
"content_p50": 10.3,
"content_p95": 12.3,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 14,
"fps": 60,
"mbps": 0.48,
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"content_p95": 11.6,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
},
{
"t": 15,
"fps": 12,
"mbps": 0.1,
"content_p50": 9.3,
"content_p95": 11.5,
"bitrate": 5529600,
"tier": 0,
"w": 1280,
"net": null
}
],
"adapt": [],
"content_p50": 9.8,
"content_p95": 12.1,
"input_p50": 27.8,
"input_p95": 34.9,
"grades": {
"input_replies": "local",
"content_p50": "local",
"content_p95": "local",
"input_p50": "local",
"input_p95": "local",
"fps": "local",
"late_pct": "local",
"stall_max": "acceptable"
},
"controller": {
"adapt": true,
"baseRtt": 5.084,
"ceiling": 5529600,
"fps": 60,
"inFlight": 1,
"scale": 1,
"slack": 49.603,
"target": 5529600,
"tier": 0
},
"events": [
{
"t": 1.77,
"e": "down to 2764 kbit/s: queue 23 ms, held 5, oldest 0 ms, base 5 ms, sent 315 got 315 wants 472"
}
],
"source_fps": 60.1,
"cpu": {
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"frame_viewer_pct": 40.9,
"frame_tailscaled_pct": 5.2,
"frame_sshd_pct": 0.7,
"frame_gamescope_pct": 8.4,
"frame_total_pct": 25.2
},
"viewer": "h264 software; ANGLE (Mesa, zink Vulkan 1.4(Turnip Adreno (TM) 750 (MESA_TURNIP)), OpenGL 4.6); raf 136 Hz",
"show_s": 1.27,
"panel": "valve.steam.desktopgame.2001639889",
"src": "test"
},
{
"scenario": "scroll",
"frames_sent": 832,
"frames_drawn": 832,
"frames_shown": 602,
"duration_s": 15.1,
"stages_ms": {
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},
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},
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},
"socket": {
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},
"network": {
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},
"decode": {
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},
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},
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},
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},
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}
},
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"stall_max": 204.9,
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"mbps": 9.04,
"keyframes": 1,
"size": "1920x1290",
"captured": 852,
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},
"input_shown_ms": {
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},
"input_parts_ms": {
"uplink": {
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},
"mac": {
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},
"back": {
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}
},
"inputs": {
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},
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{
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"mbps": 8.68,
"content_p50": 19.8,
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},
{
"t": 1,
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"t": 6,
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
"t": 11,
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},
{
"t": 12,
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},
{
"t": 13,
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"mbps": 8.94,
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},
{
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},
{
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}
],
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"grades": {
"content_p50": "local",
"content_p95": "local",
"fps": "acceptable",
"late_pct": "bad",
"stall_max": "acceptable"
},
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"fps": 60,
"inFlight": 2,
"scale": 1,
"slack": 44.791,
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"tier": 0
},
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{
"t": 1.22,
"e": "down to 7430 kbit/s: queue 74 ms, held 7, oldest 235 ms, base 6 ms, sent 5436 got 4487 wants 11082"
}
],
"source_fps": 56.4,
"cpu": {
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"frame_viewer_pct": 69.5,
"frame_tailscaled_pct": 9.5,
"frame_sshd_pct": 0.8,
"frame_gamescope_pct": 8.4,
"frame_total_pct": 31.8
},
"viewer": "h264 software; ANGLE (Mesa, zink Vulkan 1.4(Turnip Adreno (TM) 750 (MESA_TURNIP)), OpenGL 4.6); raf 139 Hz",
"show_s": 1.25,
"panel": "valve.steam.desktopgame.2001116820",
"src": "separate:8327"
}
]
}
+2 -1
View File
@@ -54,13 +54,14 @@ Lepton (Android 11, podman container "lepton-dev") ← its own panel, app 305600
| **SSH server:** OpenSSH 9.7p1. It offers `publickey,password` (keyboard-interactive is off, PAM on) and also asks `userdbctl ssh-authorized-keys` for keys. OpenSSH ≥ 8.8 rejects SHA-1 `ssh-rsa` signatures by default, so a client whose RSA support is SHA-1 only (the Swift library Citadel, for one) can't log in with the RSA key that devkit pairing installs; use ed25519 (**inferred** from OpenSSH defaults). **Verified 2026-09-27**, BUILD_ID 20260922.6101926. | [iphone.md](iphone.md), `ui/frame_connect.py` |
| **A Chromium app window on gamescope's `:0` with its own `STEAM_GAME` becomes a panel, even when started over SSH.** `chromium-xr/chrome --ozone-platform=x11 --app=URL --window-size=1280,720` got a 1920×1080 window, and tagging it produced `[Overlays] Created: valve.steam.desktopgame.<id>` in `~/.local/share/Steam/logs/vrwebhelper_systemui.txt`. Chromium XR decoded a 1080p H.264 WebCodecs stream from the Mac at about 60 fps. XTest events sent to `:0` (libXtst through Python ctypes) did not reach the page. The Frame has `libXtst`, `xprop`, `xwininfo`, `curl` and the `C.utf8` locale. **Verified 2026-09-28**, BUILD_ID 20260925.6191901. | [mac-in-headset.md](mac-in-headset.md) |
| **Streaming video into a panel: what the Frame adds.** Chromium XR decodes H.264 in **software** (1920×1290 at about 9 Mbit/s took 4–6 ms per frame); its GL is ANGLE → zink → Turnip on the Adreno 750, and it logs `GetVSyncParametersIfAvailable() failed`. An idle page's `requestAnimationFrame` runs at about 140 Hz; when the headset is worn or woken, SteamVR picks the 4320×2160 @ 144 Hz mode. **An unworn headset throttles panel apps** whatever they draw: a local canvas page ran at 58 fps for about 6 s, then 28, then about 15 once in standby (vrserver logs `entering standby`, with `power.pauseCompositorOnStandby 1`). `vrcmd --handlewakeup` gave 137–144 fps for about 2 s, then 36. So a panel's frame rate and compositor delay can only be measured while it's worn. `tailscaled` runs with `--tun=userspace-networking` and cost about 8% of a core at 9 Mbit/s (0.5% over the LAN address). Wi-Fi power saving is on (`iw … get power_save`). **Verified 2026-09-28**, BUILD_ID 20260925.6191901. | [mac-in-headset.md](mac-in-headset.md#measuring) |
| **USB-C networking.** Plugged into a Mac, the Frame is a USB network device: macOS names the port "Steam Frame" (here `en9`, 10.86.200.234/29), and the Frame's `usb0` is 10.86.200.233. Ping is about 0.9 ms, and SSH works with the usual host key (`-o HostName=10.86.200.233 -o HostKeyAlias=<tailscale name>`). Steam's Remote Play discovery also broadcasts over it. **Verified 2026-09-28**, BUILD_ID 20260925.6191901. | Frame Control's Mac stream uses it when present ([mac-in-headset.md](mac-in-headset.md)) |
| **Tools on the image:** Python 3.12.3, `ffmpeg`, `openssl`, `curl`, `rsync`, `zip`/`unzip`, `flatpak`, `wpctl`, `podman`. **No `adb`.** `steamos` is uid 1000, in `wheel`, and sudoers has `%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL`, so `sudo -S` takes the Developer Mode password on stdin. **Verified 2026-09-27.** | Running Frame Control's server on the Frame (`FRAME_LOCAL=1`, [iphone.md](iphone.md)) |
| **Each Lepton instance is a podman container** named `lepton-steamlaunch-<instance id>`, labelled with its ADB port (`podman ps --format '{{.Names}} {{.Labels.adb_port}}'`). `podman exec <container> /system/bin/sh -c '…'` runs Android's shell inside it with no adb at all (used for `pidof` and `logcat` by the app tester). Running `wm size`/`wm density` that way is untested. **Verified 2026-09-27.** | `ui/frame_android.py`, the iPhone app's display settings |
| **Asleep means off the network.** In standby the Frame stops answering on its LAN address, `frame.local` and Tailscale alike (`Host is down`, `No route to host`, timeouts), and ping fails. It was unreachable for about 2.5 hours until woken. Nothing over SSH can wake it. **Verified 2026-09-27.** | Frame Control's offline banner and retries |
| **Battery at full on a charger** can read `Discharging` at about 0 W (for example 99 %, 0.0 W, USB-C PD 18 W). Treat under 0.5 W on a charger as "not charging", not "draining". **Verified 2026-09-27.** | Frame Control's battery card |
| **The OS image is downloadable.** Valve's recovery images for the Frame are at `https://steamdeck-images.steamos.cloud/recovery/`. The root filesystem inside is btrfs, and it runs as an SSH test target on ARM64 Linux without the headset (`tests/frame-container/frame-image.sh`). **Verified 2026-09-27.** | [recovery-and-images.md](recovery-and-images.md) |
| **Boot / recovery menu.** Hold Power ~10 s until the LED goes off, then power on while holding the **AUX button on top of the Power button** (not the volume keys) until a text menu appears. Entries: `Current` (SteamOS-A/B + build), `Previous` (the other A/B slot), `Boot from USB`, `Repair Steam Installation`, `Erase User Data` (factory reset), `ADB mode`, `Battery Ship Mode`. It auto-boots `Current` after a ~15 s countdown. **Volume Up/Down (left side) move, AUX (right side) selects.** For a boot loop, Valve says pick `Previous` (keeps user data); then `Repair Steam Installation`; `Erase User Data` wipes `~` (SSH keys, Tailscale, Flatpaks, T3 setup). Last resort is a full re-image, two ways: (1) USB: write `steamframe-oobe-repair-<build>.img.bz2` to an 8 GB+ USB-C stick (Balena Etcher on the Mac), pick `Boot from USB`, then use "Wipe Device & Install SteamOS" / "Repair SteamOS" (keeps games and personal content) from the recovery desktop; (2) cable/EDL: `steamframe-oobe-repair-qdl-<build>.tar.gz`, run `flash.sh` (Linux) or `flash.cmd` (Windows), then with the Frame off for 10 s hold Power + Vol Up + Vol Down for 10 s and plug it in; it reflashes and reboots. Both images: `https://steamdeck-images.steamos.cloud/recovery/` (build 20260922.5153644, 0.3.0, 3.8 GiB each, no published checksums); local copies in `~/Downloads/steam-frame-recovery/`. File names, checksums and what's inside: [recovery-and-images.md](recovery-and-images.md). Source: Valve's [SteamOS Recovery FAQ](https://help.steampowered.com/en/faqs/view/1B71-EDF2-EB6D-2BB3) and [Installation and Repair FAQ](https://help.steampowered.com/en/faqs/view/65B4-2AA3-5F37-4227), plus a menu photo in [EloiStree/HelloSteamFrame#9](https://github.com/EloiStree/HelloSteamFrame/issues/9). **Inferred** (Valve docs, 2026-09-26); not yet tried on our Frame. | Recovering from a boot loop |
| **Boot loop cause: the SteamVR health check.** `steamvr.service` runs `/usr/share/deckard/steamvr-health-check`, which appends `frog:glasses:` to `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/steamvr-short-session-tracker` on every failed or <10 s SteamVR run. At 3 it runs `steam-health-check --repair-now`, which **deletes all of `~/.local/share/Steam` (games, login, Developer Mode) and `~/.steam`**, keeping only `registry.vdf`. At 4 it also tries `steamos-bootconf set-mode reboot-other` (fails as the user: `bootenv: Permission denied`). SteamVR normally fails 1–2 times per boot while it waits for the Steam client (`SteamAPI_InitEx failed … Steam is probably not running`, then `fatal stalled cross-thread pipe`). Once Steam has been wiped, it has to re-download a ~210 MB client on every boot, so SteamVR keeps failing, Steam keeps getting wiped and the Frame reboots, in a loop. Also, the Steam updater can deadlock at `Installing update...` (main process blocked writing to the `-child-update-ui` process, which is stuck in `drm_syncobj_array_wait_timeout`). Killing only the `-child-update-ui` process lets the install finish (`package/*.installed` appears). **Fix without sudo:** over USB-C ADB (`adb -s frame shell` works as `steamos` while the Frame is looping; SSH is refused once Developer Mode is lost), truncate both `/run/user/1000/steam{,vr}-short-session-tracker` files and `chmod 444` them (the health check then logs `Permission denied` and does nothing; this is tmpfs, so it resets on reboot). Unstick the updater if needed, let Steam finish installing, then hold Power 10 s and start the Frame normally. `systemctl reboot` over ADB needs interactive auth. After the fix, sign in to Steam and turn Developer Mode back on. **Verified 2026-09-26**, BUILD_ID 20260922.6101926, slot B (clean boot: 0 SteamVR failures, SSH and Tailscale back). | Diagnosing a boot loop |
| **Boot loop cause: the SteamVR health check.** `steamvr.service` runs `/usr/share/deckard/steamvr-health-check`, which appends `frog:glasses:` to `$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/steamvr-short-session-tracker` on every failed or <10 s SteamVR run. At 3 it runs `steam-health-check --repair-now`, which **deletes all of `~/.local/share/Steam` (games, login, Developer Mode) and `~/.steam`**, keeping only `registry.vdf`. At 4 it also tries `steamos-bootconf set-mode reboot-other` (fails as the user: `bootenv: Permission denied`). SteamVR normally fails 1–2 times per boot while it waits for the Steam client (`SteamAPI_InitEx failed … Steam is probably not running`, then `fatal stalled cross-thread pipe`). Once Steam has been wiped, it has to re-download a ~210 MB client on every boot, so SteamVR keeps failing, Steam keeps getting wiped and the Frame reboots, in a loop. Also, the Steam updater can deadlock at `Installing update...` (main process blocked writing to the `-child-update-ui` process, which is stuck in `drm_syncobj_array_wait_timeout`). Killing only the `-child-update-ui` process lets the install finish (`package/*.installed` appears). **Fix without sudo:** over USB-C ADB (`adb -s frame shell` works as `steamos` while the Frame is looping; SSH is refused once Developer Mode is lost), truncate both `/run/user/1000/steam{,vr}-short-session-tracker` files and `chmod 444` them (the health check then logs `Permission denied` and does nothing; this is tmpfs, so it resets on reboot). Unstick the updater if needed, let Steam finish installing, then hold Power 10 s and start the Frame normally. `systemctl reboot` over ADB needs interactive auth. After the fix, sign in to Steam and turn Developer Mode back on. **Verified 2026-09-26**, BUILD_ID 20260922.6101926, slot B (clean boot: 0 SteamVR failures, SSH and Tailscale back). **Seen again 2026-09-28** on BUILD_ID 20260925.6191901, beta client 1790377368. The Frame rebooted by itself while off the network. At 21:13 the check tried `reboot-other` (`bootenv: Permission denied`) and reset the unpacked Steam install, and the tracker had 15 entries. The tracker fix above, applied over SSH, stopped the resets (the checks then log `Permission denied`), but Steam itself kept exiting about 17 s after each start (34 restarts). Cause not found yet. | Diagnosing a boot loop |
## Debug recipes
+60 -1
View File
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Checked 2026-09-28.
| Goal | First-party option | Chosen? | Why |
|---|---|---|---|
| One Mac screen in the headset | **Apple Screen Sharing** (VNC) → Remmina (Remmina 1.4.43 is already installed on this Frame) | Kept as the fallback (`panel-on-frame.sh mac-screen`) | It's the closest to first-party and needs nothing new. But VNC sends compressed tiles rather than video, so moving content is slow: noticeable lag even on a good 5 GHz link (**verified** 2026-09-27, see [streaming.md](streaming.md)), and the Mac's pointer isn't in the picture without a helper. It shows only whole screens |
| One Mac screen | **Steam Remote Play**, Mac as host (Valve) | No | macOS isn't a SteamVR host, and Mac-hosted Remote Play is reported broken ([Steam forum](https://steamcommunity.com/groups/homestream/discussions/1/574921459914429988/)). It streams games, not the desktop. **Not tested here**; one real try is still worth doing |
| One Mac screen | **Steam Remote Play**, Mac as host (Valve) | For Mac games only; see [Steam's own streaming](#steams-own-streaming) | The Mac's and the Frame's Steam clients already find each other (**verified**), but Remote Play streams a game, not the desktop or a window, and a Mac can't host the Frame's VR streaming |
| One Mac screen | **AirPlay** (Apple) | No | Apple licenses AirPlay receivers only to TV and speaker makers, and nothing official runs on Linux. UxPlay is an unofficial receiver, and it mirrors a whole screen, not single windows |
| One Mac screen | **Sidecar / Mac Virtual Display** (Apple) | No | These work only with an iPad or Apple Vision Pro |
| **Each Mac window as its own panel** | None | – | No first-party way does this: Apple's per-app streaming is only for Vision Pro, and Valve's desktop streaming needs a Windows SteamVR host. So Frame Control does it itself |
@@ -44,6 +44,49 @@ games), the Frame supports a uinput keyboard and mouse without sudo
(verified 2026-09-27: `steamos` is in `input`, and `/dev/uinput` is
`root:input 660`). That's a separate feature, not part of this one.
## Steam's own streaming
The Frame is built around Steam streaming, so this was checked first
(2026-09-28). It fits Mac games, not Mac windows.
- **VR streaming from the Mac: no.** The Frame streams VR from a PC running
SteamVR ("Steam Link" with foveated streaming). SteamVR dropped macOS in
2020, and Valve lists PCs, laptops, Steam Deck and Steam Machine as
hosts, never a Mac (**documented**:
[UploadVR](https://www.uploadvr.com/steamvr-drops-mac-support/),
[Road to VR](https://roadtovr.com/steam-frame-game-certification-specs/)).
- **Flat Remote Play from the Mac: probably, for Steam games.**
- Steam on this Mac has streaming on, and the two Steam clients already
see each other. The Frame's `remote_connections.txt` shows it
connecting directly to "Alexs-MacBook-Pro-7" at 192.168.1.211:27036,
and the Mac's shows the Frame connecting over Wi-Fi and over the USB-C
link (**verified** in both clients' logs).
- Whether a stream then starts, and how a flat game looks in the headset
(reviews describe a theater screen), is **not tested yet**. The Frame's
Steam was crash-looping during this session (below).
- Mac-hosted Remote Play has a long-standing report of the stream
closing as the game loads
([Steam forum](https://steamcommunity.com/groups/homestream/discussions/1/574921459914429988/),
**reported**).
- **The Mac desktop or single windows through Steam: no known way.** Remote
Play streams a running game. The desktop trick people use on Windows (a
non-Steam shortcut to `explorer.exe`) has no known Mac equivalent
(**reported**; nothing found for macOS). So Frame Control's own stream
stays the way to see Mac windows.
- **What Steam's work did give us: the USB-C link.** Plugged into the Mac,
the Frame appears as a network port called "Steam Frame". Steam's Remote
Play discovery uses it, and so does Frame Control's stream now (see
"USB-C, when it's plugged in" below).
Next steps, once Steam on the Frame is healthy:
1. Stream the one Mac game installed here (Fortune Mill) from the Frame's
library, over Wi-Fi and over USB-C.
2. Record whether it starts, how it's shown, and its latency. Steam's
streaming overlay shows this; our benchmark can't measure it.
3. If it works, Frame Control's Games page could offer "Stream from the
Mac" for Mac-installed games.
## How it works
```
@@ -73,6 +116,22 @@ ScreenCaptureKit (one window or display)
changes on the Mac. If the headset sleeps or the network drops, Frame
Control reopens the tunnel on the same port, and open viewers reconnect by
themselves.
- **USB-C, when it's plugged in.** Connected to the Mac by cable, the Frame
is also a USB network device: macOS lists a network port called "Steam
Frame", and the Frame's `usb0` answers in under 1 ms. Frame Control
checks for it each time it opens the tunnel and uses it when it's there,
with the Frame's usual SSH host key. Otherwise it uses the normal path.
`FRAME_MACVIEW_USB=0` turns this off. **Verified** 2026-09-28, in two
interleaved pairs of runs:
| | USB-C | Wi-Fi (Tailscale) |
|---|---|---|
| test: content p50 / p95 | 6.9–7.3 / 8.4–8.8 ms | 9.8–10.1 / 12.1–12.3 ms |
| test: click to drawn p50 | 16.6–16.9 ms | 26.4–27.8 ms |
| scroll: content p95 | 23.0–23.5 ms | 31.4–36.9 ms |
| scroll: late frames | 3.2–3.3% | 4.7–7.0% |
(`bench/results/2026-09-28-*-usb1.json`, `-usb2`, `-wifi1`, `-wifi2`.)
- **Access.**
- Frame Control's own key never leaves the Mac.
- Each viewer is opened with a **single-use ticket**. It's tied to one
+4 -1
View File
@@ -377,6 +377,7 @@ def run_scenario(args, scenario, agent_port, token, frame_ssh):
tunnel_port = relay.port
tunnel_ssh = list(frame_ssh[:-1]) + args.ssh_opt
mv = LabView(tunnel_ssh, ssh_runner(frame_ssh), frame_ssh[-1], agent_port, token, tunnel_port)
mv.prefer_usb = args.usb # otherwise the path is --host's (or ssh's default)
if args.browser_flag is not None:
mv.browser_flags = [f for f in args.browser_flag if f]
chrome = None
@@ -456,6 +457,7 @@ def run_scenario(args, scenario, agent_port, token, frame_ssh):
result["show_s"] = show_s
result["panel"] = shown.get("panel")
result["src"] = src
result["route"] = mv.route
return result
finally:
try:
@@ -677,6 +679,7 @@ def add_run_args(r):
r.add_argument("--buffer", type=float, default=250, help="bottleneck queue, ms at the current rate")
r.add_argument("--frame", default="frame", help="ssh host of the Frame")
r.add_argument("--host", default="", help="connect to this address instead (e.g. the Frame's LAN IP)")
r.add_argument("--usb", action="store_true", help="use the Frame's USB-C network when plugged in, as Frame Control does")
r.add_argument("--ssh-opt", action="append", default=[], help="extra ssh option for the tunnel, e.g. -oIPQoS=ef")
r.add_argument("--browser-flag", action="append", default=None,
help="Chromium flag for the viewer (replaces Frame Control's defaults; '' for none)")
@@ -742,7 +745,7 @@ def document(args, frame_ssh, results, **extra):
return {
"label": args.label or args.cmd, "date": datetime.datetime.now().isoformat(timespec="seconds"), "commit": commit,
"config": {"quality": args.quality, "mode": args.mode, "net": args.net or "none", "delay_ms": args.delay,
"buffer_ms": args.buffer, "host": args.host or args.frame, "ssh_opts": args.ssh_opt,
"buffer_ms": args.buffer, "host": args.host or args.frame, "usb": args.usb, "ssh_opts": args.ssh_opt,
"encoder": os.environ.get("FRAME_MAC_VIEW_ENCODER", ""), "duration_s": args.duration,
"browser_flags": args.browser_flag if args.browser_flag is not None else frame_macview.BROWSER_FLAGS},
"frame_build": build.strip().partition("=")[2], "mac": platform.mac_ver()[0], "headset": standby[-40:],
+15
View File
@@ -120,6 +120,21 @@ class Helpers(unittest.TestCase):
self.assertTrue(calls[-1].startswith("after "))
t.join()
def test_tunnel_prefers_the_usb_c_network_when_plugged_in(self):
mv = frame_macview.MacView(["ssh"], lambda remote, **kw: "13: usb0 inet 10.86.200.233/29 scope global", "frame")
ssh_g = mock.Mock(stdout="user steamos\nhostname frame.example.ts.net\n")
with mock.patch.object(frame_macview.socket, "create_connection") as conn, \
mock.patch.object(frame_macview.subprocess, "run", return_value=ssh_g):
self.assertEqual(mv._usb_route(), ["-o", "HostName=10.86.200.233", "-o", "HostKeyAlias=frame.example.ts.net"])
conn.assert_called_once_with(("10.86.200.233", 22), timeout=1)
conn.side_effect = OSError("unplugged")
self.assertEqual(mv._usb_route(), [])
mv.run = lambda remote, **kw: "" # no usb0
self.assertEqual(mv._usb_route(), [])
mv.prefer_usb = False
mv.run = lambda remote, **kw: self.fail("no ssh when USB is off")
self.assertEqual(mv._usb_route(), [])
class WS:
"""A minimal WebSocket client (masked frames out, plain frames in)."""
+40 -2
View File
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import os
import re
import secrets
import shutil
import socket
import subprocess
import sys
import threading
@@ -133,6 +134,10 @@ class MacView:
# Held by a Show while it counts itself in, and by the cleanup for its
# check and its pkill together, so a Show can't start in between.
self.viewer_lock = threading.Lock()
# Use the Frame's USB-C network when it's plugged into this Mac (see
# _usb_route); FRAME_MACVIEW_USB=0 turns that off.
self.prefer_usb = os.environ.get("FRAME_MACVIEW_USB") != "0"
self.route = "network"
self.shown = set() # sources with a viewer out there, connected or retrying
self.browser_flags = list(BROWSER_FLAGS)
@@ -224,8 +229,10 @@ class MacView:
ports = [self.remote_port] if self.remote_port else list(REMOTE_PORTS)
if self.remote_port and allow_new_port:
ports += [p for p in REMOTE_PORTS if p != self.remote_port]
via = self._usb_route()
self.route = "usb" if via else "network"
for port in ports:
proc = subprocess.Popen([*self.tunnel_ssh, "-o", "ExitOnForwardFailure=yes",
proc = subprocess.Popen([*self.tunnel_ssh, *via, "-o", "ExitOnForwardFailure=yes",
"-o", "ServerAliveInterval=5", "-o", "ServerAliveCountMax=3", "-N",
"-R", f"127.0.0.1:{port}:127.0.0.1:{self.port}", self.frame],
stdin=subprocess.DEVNULL, stdout=subprocess.DEVNULL,
@@ -253,6 +260,36 @@ class MacView:
break # not a port clash: the Frame is unreachable
raise MacViewError(f"Couldn't open a tunnel from {self.frame} to this Mac: {last or 'no answer through it'}")
def _usb_route(self):
"""ssh options to reach the Frame over its USB-C network, or [].
Plugged into a Mac, the Frame is a USB network device (macOS lists it
as "Steam Frame"): the Frame's usb0 answers at about 1 ms, with none
of Wi-Fi's stalls. Measured 2026-09-28: content latency 7 ms instead
of 10, click to screen 17 ms instead of 27 (docs/mac-in-headset.md).
The host key is the same, so it's checked against the usual name."""
if not self.prefer_usb:
return []
try:
out = self.run("ip -4 -o addr show usb0 2>/dev/null", timeout=8)
except Exception:
return []
m = re.search(r"inet (\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+)/", out or "")
if not m:
return []
ip = m.group(1)
try:
socket.create_connection((ip, 22), timeout=1).close()
except OSError:
return [] # not plugged into this Mac
alias = self.frame
try:
cfg = subprocess.run(["ssh", "-G", self.frame], capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=5).stdout
alias = next((line.split()[1] for line in cfg.splitlines() if line.startswith("hostname ")), alias)
except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
pass
return ["-o", f"HostName={ip}", "-o", f"HostKeyAlias={alias}"]
def _supervise(self):
"""Reopen the tunnel on the same port after the headset sleeps or the
network drops, so viewers that are retrying find the Mac again."""
@@ -367,7 +404,8 @@ class MacView:
displays = self.call("/displays").get("displays", [])
return {"available": True, "screen": status.get("screen", False),
"accessibility": status.get("accessibility", False), "streams": status.get("streams", []),
"windows": windows, "displays": displays, "tunnel": self.tunnel_up()}
"windows": windows, "displays": displays, "tunnel": self.tunnel_up(),
"route": self.route}
def restart_agent(self):
"""Only if it's missing a permission: a running stream would stop."""
+1 -1
View File
@@ -2222,7 +2222,7 @@ async function loadMacView(restart) {
box.hidden = false;
const live = new Set((s.streams || []).map(x => x.src));
const byStream = src => (s.streams || []).find(x => x.src === src);
$("mvCount").textContent = live.size ? `${live.size} showing` : "";
$("mvCount").textContent = live.size ? `${live.size} showing${s.route === "usb" ? " · over USB-C" : ""}` : "";
const perm = [];
if (!s.screen) perm.push(`Frame Control needs <b>Screen Recording</b> permission to show your windows.`);
if (!s.accessibility) perm.push(`Allow <b>Accessibility</b> too, so clicks and keys from the headset reach the Mac.`);