Update README for 0.0.3: parallel pool, resume, verify, honest install status

Document the connection-pool download (configurable 1–16, applied live), the
download queue, reboot-safe per-piece resume, Pause/Resume/Cancel, optional
SHA-256 verification, and on-device package verification. Add a Settings section.
Rewrite Status: download + verify is proven on 11.60 (a 61.6 GB update verified
byte-perfect across reboots); same-region install works; cross-region debug-magic
patches download and verify but cannot be installed via homebrew on 11.60.

README.md

@@ -1,31 +1,54 @@
 # PatchDL
 
 A standalone PlayStation 5 ELF payload that downloads and installs official game
-patches on your terms. It serves its own web UI and runs without etaHEN.
+patches on your terms. It serves its own dark-mode web UI and runs without
+etaHEN.
 
 PatchDL is built for setups where nanoDNS blocks Sony's servers for the whole
-console. It resolves the Sony patch CDN on its own path, so the rest of the
+console. It resolves the Sony patch CDN on its own DNS path, so the rest of the
 system stays offline and only the patches you pick get fetched.
 
 by Knutwurst
 
 ## What it does
 
-- Scans installed titles and classifies each one: genuine install,
-  ShadowMountPlus mount, preinstall, or unknown.
-- Reads the title name, installed version, and the Sony `version.xml` URL from
-  the PS5 app database.
-- Fetches each title's `version.xml` from Sony's CDN past nanoDNS (a raw DNS
-  query to 1.1.1.1) and verifies TLS against the pinned SCEI DNAS root.
+- Scans installed titles and classifies each: genuine install, ShadowMountPlus
+  mount, preinstall, or unknown.
+- Reads the title name, installed version, and Sony `version.xml` URL from the
+  PS5 app database.
+- Fetches each title's `version.xml` past nanoDNS (a raw DNS query to 1.1.1.1)
+  and verifies TLS against the pinned SCEI DNAS root.
 - Picks the newest patch compatible with the current firmware
   (`system_ver <= firmware`), so an update never forces a firmware upgrade.
-- Downloads the installable package from Sony's manifest pieces and installs it
-  through Sony's AppInstUtil service.
+- Downloads the patch from Sony's manifest pieces into one local `.pkg`, then
+  installs it through Sony's AppInstUtil service.
+
+## Downloading
+
+PatchDL pulls each patch over a pool of connections instead of one stream, which
+lifts the ~7 MB/s per-connection ceiling on the Sony CDN. Set the connection
+count (1 to 16) in Settings with the stepper; the change applies live, with no
+payload restart. One patch downloads at a time and further requests queue.
+
+Downloads survive interruptions:
+
+- **Resume across a reboot.** PatchDL records progress per manifest piece in a
+  sidecar beside the `.pkg`, written after every completed piece, so a reboot or
+  relaunch continues where it stopped.
+- **Pause, Resume, Cancel.** Pause keeps the partial file, Resume continues it,
+  Cancel deletes it. All three work at any point in a download.
+- **Verification.** Turn on "Verify downloaded pieces (SHA-256)" to check each
+  piece against its manifest hash while downloading. After a download you can
+  also verify the assembled package on-device against Sony's per-piece hashes
+  (`GET /api/pkgverify/<title_id>`).
+
+Patches download to `/data/patchdl` on the internal SSD. Large retail updates
+run tens of GB.
 
 ## Safety model
 
-Deny-by-default. A patch is installed only for a genuine install, and only when
-the patch metadata targets the installed game:
+Deny-by-default. A patch installs only for a genuine install, and only when the
+patch metadata targets the installed game:
 
 | Source                | Check | Download | Install |
 |-----------------------|-------|----------|---------|
@@ -33,29 +56,30 @@ the patch metadata targets the installed game:
 | shadowmount           | yes   | yes      | no      |
 | preinstall / unknown  | yes   | no       | no      |
 
-Two independent guards stop the wrong target being installed: the patch target
-id (read from `version.xml` / `manifest_url`) must match the installed game, and
-the install call receives the installed game's content id from app.db. Sony may
-store the actual patch bytes under a regional/master title id that differs from
-the target; that storage id is accepted only when `version.xml` targets the
-installed title. A true target-title mismatch is refused instead of installed as
-a phantom title.
+Two guards stop the wrong target being installed: the patch target id (from
+`version.xml` / `manifest_url`) must match the installed game, and the install
+call receives the installed game's content id from app.db. PatchDL refuses a
+true target-title mismatch rather than installing a phantom title.
 
-For PS5 titles, `delta_url` often points to a small `*-DP.pkg` helper package.
-That bootstrap can make the system fetch the full patch, but it follows the
-package's storage/master title id and can create a duplicate/ghost title for
-cross-region updates. PatchDL therefore prefers the Sony `manifest_url`,
-downloads every listed `pieces[]` entry in order, and concatenates them into one
-local `.pkg` before handing it to AppInstUtil. The `delta_url` title id is kept
-only as the storage/master-id diagnostic.
+All writes stay under `/data/patchdl`. PatchDL never writes to the system
+partition and never touches firmware.
+
+## Settings
+
+Settings persist to `/data/patchdl/config.json` and survive a restart:
+
+- Default policy (allow or deny) and a per-game enable toggle.
+- Install after download, as a global default with a per-game override.
+- Delete the PKG after a successful install.
+- Verify downloaded pieces (SHA-256).
+- Parallel download connections (1 to 16), applied live.
 
 ## Build
 
-Requires `ps5-payload-dev/sdk`. The network and install features also need the
-prebuilt libcurl + OpenSSL from `ps5-payload-dev/pacbrew-repo` placed in the SDK
-sysroot (`target/user/homebrew`); `scripts/build_ps5.sh` enables them
-automatically when present. libmicrohttpd is vendored under `vendor/etahen`, and
-SQLite is vendored under `vendor/sqlite`.
+Requires `ps5-payload-dev/sdk`. The network and install features need the
+prebuilt libcurl + OpenSSL from `ps5-payload-dev/pacbrew-repo` in the SDK sysroot
+(`target/user/homebrew`); `scripts/build_ps5.sh` enables them when present.
+libmicrohttpd is vendored under `vendor/etahen`, SQLite under `vendor/sqlite`.
 
 ```sh
 scripts/build_ps5.sh        # produces patchdl-ps5.elf
@@ -63,9 +87,9 @@ scripts/build_ps5.sh        # produces patchdl-ps5.elf
 
 ## Deploy
 
-This console uses the BD-JB autoloader with itsPLK's Payload Manager on port
-8084 (not a 9021 elfldr). `scripts/deploy_ps5.sh` uploads the ELF named with its
-version and launches it; the payload replaces any running instance itself.
+This console uses the BD-JB autoloader with itsPLK's Payload Manager on port 8084
+(not a 9021 elfldr). `scripts/deploy_ps5.sh` uploads the version-named ELF and
+launches it; the payload replaces any running instance.
 
 ```sh
 PS5_HOST=<console-ip> scripts/deploy_ps5.sh
@@ -79,17 +103,21 @@ http://<console-ip>:12880/
 
 ## Status
 
-0.0.2, early. Title scan, source classification, version resolution,
-firmware-compatibility filtering, target/storage-id handling, and the local
-AppInstUtil HTTP stream have been verified on firmware 11.60. PatchDL now
-downloads PS5 update manifests as merged piece packages under `/data/patchdl`;
-large retail updates can be tens of GB. The download queue shows live progress,
-and each download can be cancelled (the partial file is deleted) or a finished
-package deleted again, from the queue or the title card. Manifest pieces are
-verified in offset order and against their declared size while merging. Open
-items: a full large-title manifest download/install still needs an end-to-end
-run, the web UI marks a title "Installing…" but reads progress from the PS5's
-own notifications rather than a percentage, and disc-based games need the disc
-inserted for their patch to apply (a normal Sony requirement).
-Settings (global policy and the per-game toggle) persist to
-`/data/patchdl/config.json` and survive a restart.
+Verified on firmware 11.60: title scan, source classification, version
+resolution past the nanoDNS block, firmware-compatibility filtering, the parallel
+download pool, reboot-safe resume, and on-device SHA-256 verification. A full
+Dead Island 2 update (61.6 GB) downloaded and verified byte-perfect across
+several reboots.
+
+Install works for same-region patches, where Sony stores the patch bytes under
+the installed game's own title id.
+
+Cross-region patches are a known limitation. Sony sometimes packages a regional
+patch under a different (master) storage title and ships it as a debug-magic
+container. PatchDL downloads such a patch and verifies it against Sony's hashes,
+but the on-console installer (`InstallByPackage`) rejects it on 11.60, and the
+homebrew alternative (BGFT register) returns "not supported" outside the system
+process. Installing that class of patch needs Sony's authenticated updater, which
+nanoDNS blocks. The web UI marks a title "Installing…" and reads progress from the
+PS5's own notifications. Disc games need the disc inserted for their patch to
+apply, which is a normal Sony requirement.

src/patchdl_install.c

@@ -57,11 +57,13 @@ typedef int (*ai_install_pkg_fn)(const char *path, ai_pkg_info_t *info);
 typedef int (*ai_install_by_pkg_fn)(ai_meta_info_t *meta, ai_pkg_info_t *info,
                                     ai_playgo_info_t *playgo);
 typedef int (*ai_title_from_pkg_fn)(const char *path, char *title_id, int *is_app);
+typedef int (*ai_content_from_pkg_fn)(const char *path, char *content_id, int *is_app);
 
-static ai_init_fn           ai_initialize;
-static ai_install_pkg_fn    ai_install_pkg;
-static ai_install_by_pkg_fn ai_install_by_package;
-static ai_title_from_pkg_fn ai_title_from_pkg;
+static ai_init_fn             ai_initialize;
+static ai_install_pkg_fn      ai_install_pkg;
+static ai_install_by_pkg_fn   ai_install_by_package;
+static ai_title_from_pkg_fn   ai_title_from_pkg;
+static ai_content_from_pkg_fn ai_content_from_pkg;
 
 /* Resolve + initialize the AppInstUtil backend WITHOUT linking the sce libs
    (that makes the ELF unloadable by the elfldr) and WITHOUT raw
@@ -205,6 +207,8 @@ backend_init_thread(void *arg) {
                                                          "sceAppInstUtilInstallByPackage");
     ai_title_from_pkg     = (ai_title_from_pkg_fn)dynsym("libSceAppInstUtil.sprx",
                                                          "sceAppInstUtilGetTitleIdFromPkg");
+    ai_content_from_pkg   = (ai_content_from_pkg_fn)dynsym("libSceAppInstUtil.sprx",
+                                                          "sceAppInstUtilGetContentIdFromPkg");
 
     /* Read-only feasibility probe — module is loaded, safe context. */
     fill_probe();
@@ -284,6 +288,56 @@ patchdl_install_api_probe(char *out, size_t out_sz) {
     return -1;
 }
 
+/* Read-only: report the .pkg's embedded content id + title id (and whether it
+   is a full app vs a patch). No install, no side effects. 0 if anything read. */
+int
+patchdl_install_pkg_meta(const char *local_path, char *content_id, size_t cid_sz,
+                         char *title_id, size_t tid_sz, int *is_app,
+                         char *msg, size_t msg_sz) {
+    char        sdk_path[1024];
+    char        cid[64] = {0}, tid[48] = {0};
+    int         app_c = 0, app_t = 0, ok = 0;
+    struct stat st;
+
+    if (content_id && cid_sz) content_id[0] = '\0';
+    if (title_id && tid_sz)   title_id[0]   = '\0';
+    if (is_app) *is_app = 0;
+
+    if (!local_path || !local_path[0] || stat(local_path, &st) != 0) {
+        snprintf(msg, msg_sz, "package not on disk");
+        return -1;
+    }
+    backend_start();
+    if (g_stage != 5) {
+        snprintf(msg, msg_sz, "install backend not ready: %s", stage_str(g_stage));
+        return -1;
+    }
+    if (!strncmp(local_path, "/data/", 6))
+        snprintf(sdk_path, sizeof sdk_path, "/user%s", local_path);
+    else
+        snprintf(sdk_path, sizeof sdk_path, "%s", local_path);
+
+    if (ai_content_from_pkg &&
+        ai_content_from_pkg(sdk_path, cid, &app_c) == 0 && cid[0]) {
+        if (content_id && cid_sz) {
+            strncpy(content_id, cid, cid_sz - 1);
+            content_id[cid_sz - 1] = '\0';
+        }
+        if (is_app) *is_app = app_c;
+        ok = 1;
+    }
+    if (ai_title_from_pkg &&
+        ai_title_from_pkg(sdk_path, tid, &app_t) == 0 && tid[0]) {
+        if (title_id && tid_sz) {
+            strncpy(title_id, tid, tid_sz - 1);
+            title_id[tid_sz - 1] = '\0';
+        }
+        ok = 1;
+    }
+    snprintf(msg, msg_sz, ok ? "ok" : "could not read pkg metadata");
+    return ok ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
 int
 patchdl_install_local_pkg(const char *local_path, const char *expected_title_id,
                           const char *storage_title_id,
@@ -294,7 +348,6 @@ patchdl_install_local_pkg(const char *local_path, const char *expected_title_id,
     struct stat st;
     int         rc;
     int         pkg_tid_mismatch = 0;
-    const char *last_uri = "";
 
     if (!local_path || !local_path[0]) {
         snprintf(msg, msg_sz, "no package path");
@@ -311,10 +364,11 @@ patchdl_install_local_pkg(const char *local_path, const char *expected_title_id,
         return -1;
     }
 
-    /* AppInstallPkg runs in a sandbox that sees the user partition as
-       /user/data, not /data. InstallByPackage is different: the shell/debug
-       installer path takes the normal /data/... URI, so keep `local_path` for
-       that API and use `sdk_path` only for AppInstallPkg / metadata probes. */
+    /* Sony's installer sees the user partition as /user/data, not /data, and
+       PATH-ALLOWLISTS the URI passed to InstallByPackage: /user/data/ and
+       /mnt/usb are accepted, but a bare /data/... path is REJECTED with
+       0x80B2116F (empirically confirmed by the ps5upload project). So feed the
+       /user/data view of the file to both InstallByPackage and AppInstallPkg. */
     if (!strncmp(local_path, "/data/", 6))
         snprintf(sdk_path, sizeof(sdk_path), "/user%s", local_path);
     else
@@ -359,7 +413,7 @@ patchdl_install_local_pkg(const char *local_path, const char *expected_title_id,
         const char      *title_dir;
         const char      *file_base;
 
-        snprintf(file_uri, sizeof(file_uri), "file://%s", local_path);
+        snprintf(file_uri, sizeof(file_uri), "file://%s", sdk_path);
         title_dir = strstr(local_path, "/data/patchdl/");
         file_base = strrchr(local_path, '/');
         if (title_dir && file_base && file_base > title_dir + strlen("/data/patchdl/")) {
@@ -379,8 +433,8 @@ patchdl_install_local_pkg(const char *local_path, const char *expected_title_id,
                              ip, PATCHDL_HTTP_PORT, title_id, file_base + 1);
             }
         }
-        uris[0]                 = local_path;
-        uris[1]                 = file_uri;
+        uris[0]                 = sdk_path;      /* /user/data/... — the allowlisted path */
+        uris[1]                 = file_uri;       /* file:///user/data/... */
         uris[2]                 = http_loop_uri[0] ? http_loop_uri : NULL;
         uris[3]                 = http_lan_uri[0] ? http_lan_uri : NULL;
         meta.ex_uri             = "";
@@ -389,28 +443,34 @@ patchdl_install_local_pkg(const char *local_path, const char *expected_title_id,
         meta.content_name       = "PatchDL";
         meta.icon_url           = "";
 
-        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
-            if (!uris[i]) continue;
-            memset(&pkg, 0, sizeof(pkg));
-            memset(&playgo, 0, sizeof(playgo));
-            meta.uri = uris[i];
-            last_uri = uris[i];
-            rc2 = ai_install_by_package(&meta, &pkg, &playgo);
-            if (rc2 == 0) {
-                snprintf(msg, msg_sz, "install started (InstallByPackage%s)",
-                         pkg_tid_mismatch ? ", shared master bytes" : "");
-                return 0;
+        {
+            char        tries[260] = {0};
+            const char *labels[4]  = { "userdata", "file", "loop", "lan" };
+            for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+                if (!uris[i]) continue;
+                memset(&pkg, 0, sizeof(pkg));
+                memset(&playgo, 0, sizeof(playgo));
+                meta.uri = uris[i];
+                rc2 = ai_install_by_package(&meta, &pkg, &playgo);
+                {
+                    size_t l = strlen(tries);
+                    snprintf(tries + l, sizeof(tries) - l, "%s%s=0x%08x",
+                             l ? "," : "", labels[i], (unsigned)rc2);
+                }
+                if (rc2 == 0) {
+                    snprintf(msg, msg_sz, "install started (InstallByPackage%s)",
+                             pkg_tid_mismatch ? ", shared master bytes" : "");
+                    return 0;
+                }
+            }
+            rc = rc2;
+            if (pkg_tid_mismatch) {
+                snprintf(msg, msg_sz,
+                         "install rejected (pkg %.12s -> %.12s; tries: %s)",
+                         pkg_tid, expected_title_id ? expected_title_id : "", tries);
+                return rc ? rc : -1;
             }
         }
-        rc = rc2;
-    }
-
-    if (pkg_tid_mismatch) {
-        snprintf(msg, msg_sz,
-                 "install rejected (InstallByPackage=0x%08x, pkg %.12s, target %.12s, uri %.96s)",
-                 (unsigned)rc, pkg_tid, expected_title_id ? expected_title_id : "",
-                 last_uri);
-        return rc ? rc : -1;
     }
 
     /* Last resort for normal same-title packages only. This path has no target

src/patchdl_install.h

@@ -31,3 +31,9 @@ int patchdl_install_backend_check(char *msg, size_t msg_sz);
    AppInstUtil/Bgft patch-install symbols and report which exist on this
    firmware. Writes a JSON object into `out`. No install, no side effects. */
 int patchdl_install_api_probe(char *out, size_t out_sz);
+
+/* Read-only: report the .pkg's embedded content id + title id (and whether it
+   is a full app vs a patch, via *is_app). No install. 0 if anything was read. */
+int patchdl_install_pkg_meta(const char *local_path, char *content_id, size_t cid_sz,
+                             char *title_id, size_t tid_sz, int *is_app,
+                             char *msg, size_t msg_sz);

src/patchdl_net.c

@@ -198,14 +198,14 @@ dns_lookup(const char *host, char *ip_out, size_t ip_sz) {
             return 0;
         }
     }
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&dns_cache_mtx);
-
+    /* Cold miss: resolve while HOLDING the cache lock (single-flight). N pool
+       workers needing the same CDN host would otherwise each blast Sony's
+       rate-limited resolver; this way one resolves and the rest get the cache.
+       It also serializes dns_resolve so its diagnostic globals can't be raced.
+       (This is the DNS lock, independent of the pool lock.) */
     for (int attempt = 0; attempt < 4 && rc; attempt++)
         rc = dns_resolve(host, ip_out, ip_sz);
-    if (rc) return -1;
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&dns_cache_mtx);
-    if (dns_cache_n < (int)(sizeof(dns_cache) / sizeof(dns_cache[0]))) {
+    if (!rc && dns_cache_n < (int)(sizeof(dns_cache) / sizeof(dns_cache[0]))) {
         strncpy(dns_cache[dns_cache_n].host, host,
                 sizeof(dns_cache[0].host) - 1);
         strncpy(dns_cache[dns_cache_n].ip, ip_out,
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ dns_lookup(const char *host, char *ip_out, size_t ip_sz) {
         dns_cache_n++;
     }
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&dns_cache_mtx);
-    return 0;
+    return rc;
 }
 
 /* ---------- HTTP GET via curl ------------------------------------------- */
@@ -344,14 +344,20 @@ curl_progress_cb(void *clientp, curl_off_t dltotal, curl_off_t dlnow,
 }
 
 /* Returns 0 on success, -1 on download/network failure, -2 when an expected
-   SHA-256 was given and the downloaded bytes did not match it. */
+   SHA-256 was given and the downloaded bytes did not match it, -3 when a byte
+   range was requested (range_start>0) but the server ignored it (no HTTP 206).
+   When range_start>0 the body is appended at the file's current position, so
+   the caller must have it positioned at range_start and must not verify. */
 static int
 http_download_to_file_progress(const char *url, FILE *fp, long long *bytes_out,
                                progress_state_t *progress,
-                               const char *expected_sha256_hex) {
+                               const char *expected_sha256_hex,
+                               long long range_start) {
     CURL             *curl;
     CURLcode          res;
     char              host[256], ip[INET_ADDRSTRLEN], rs443[512], rs80[512];
+    char              range_hdr[48];
+    long              http_code = 0;
     struct curl_slist *rl = NULL;
     struct curl_blob  ca_blob;
     curl_off_t        dl = 0;
@@ -400,6 +406,10 @@ http_download_to_file_progress(const char *url, FILE *fp, long long *bytes_out,
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT, 1024L);
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_TIME,  30L);
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT,       "patchdl/1.0");
+    if (range_start > 0) {
+        snprintf(range_hdr, sizeof(range_hdr), "%lld-", range_start);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RANGE, range_hdr);
+    }
     if (progress && progress->cb) {
         curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS,       0L);
         curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_XFERINFOFUNCTION, curl_progress_cb);
@@ -407,6 +417,7 @@ http_download_to_file_progress(const char *url, FILE *fp, long long *bytes_out,
     }
 
     res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
+    curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &http_code);
     curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_SIZE_DOWNLOAD_T, &dl);
     curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
     curl_slist_free_all(rl);
@@ -415,6 +426,12 @@ http_download_to_file_progress(const char *url, FILE *fp, long long *bytes_out,
         if (sink.md) EVP_MD_CTX_free(sink.md);
         return -1;
     }
+    /* Asked for a byte range but the server sent the whole file (no 206): the
+       caller must drop the piece and re-fetch it whole. */
+    if (range_start > 0 && http_code != 206) {
+        if (sink.md) EVP_MD_CTX_free(sink.md);
+        return -3;
+    }
 
     if (sink.md) {
         unsigned char dig[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
@@ -440,7 +457,7 @@ patchdl_http_download_progress(const char *url, const char *dest_path,
     int rc;
 
     if (!fp) return -1;
-    rc = http_download_to_file_progress(url, fp, bytes_out, &progress, NULL);
+    rc = http_download_to_file_progress(url, fp, bytes_out, &progress, NULL, 0);
     fclose(fp);
 
     if (rc) {
@@ -504,15 +521,13 @@ patchdl_http_download_manifest_progress(const char *manifest_url,
                                         const char *dest_path,
                                         long long *bytes_out,
                                         patchdl_download_progress_cb cb,
-                                        void *ctx, int verify) {
+                                        void *ctx, int verify, int resume) {
     patchdl_buf_t manifest;
-    const char *pieces;
-    const char *p;
-    FILE *fp;
-    long long total = 0;
+    const char *pieces, *pieces_end, *p;
+    FILE *fp = NULL;
+    long long total = 0, have = 0;
     unsigned long long manifest_total = 0;
-    int count = 0;
-    int rc = -1;
+    int count = 0, started, rc = -1;
 
     if (bytes_out) *bytes_out = 0;
     if (patchdl_http_get(manifest_url, &manifest))
@@ -529,52 +544,110 @@ patchdl_http_download_manifest_progress(const char *manifest_url,
     }
     /* Bound the scan to the pieces array; otherwise a later "url" key in the
        manifest (e.g. playgoChunkCrcUrl) could be appended as a bogus piece. */
-    const char *pieces_end = strchr(pieces, ']');
+    pieces_end = strchr(pieces, ']');
     json_u64_after(manifest.data, "originalFileSize", &manifest_total);
 
-    fp = fopen(dest_path, "wb");
-    if (!fp) {
-        free(manifest.data);
-        return -1;
+    /* Resume: reopen the existing partial and keep its bytes; else start clean.
+       Fully-downloaded pieces are skipped; the one piece that was only partially
+       written continues mid-piece via an HTTP byte range (with a fall back to
+       re-fetching it whole if the CDN ignores the range). */
+    if (resume) {
+        fp = fopen(dest_path, "r+b");
+        if (fp) { fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END); have = ftell(fp); if (have < 0) have = 0; }
     }
+    if (!fp) { fp = fopen(dest_path, "wb"); have = 0; }
+    if (!fp) { free(manifest.data); return -1; }
+    started = (have <= 0);
 
     p = pieces;
     while ((p = strstr(p, "\"url\"")) && (!pieces_end || p < pieces_end)) {
         char url[768];
         char hash[80] = {0};
-        long long got = 0;
+        long long got = 0, range_start = 0;
         unsigned long long expected = 0;
         unsigned long long offset = 0;
         int have_offset, drc;
+        const char *want_hash;
         const char *obj_end = strchr(p, '}');
-        progress_state_t progress = {
-            cb,
-            ctx,
-            total,
-            manifest_total ? (long long)manifest_total : 0
-        };
 
         if (json_string_after(p, "url", url, sizeof(url)))
             break;
         json_u64_after(p, "fileSize", &expected);
         have_offset = (json_u64_after(p, "fileOffset", &offset) == 0);
-        if (verify)
-            json_string_after(p, "hashValue", hash, sizeof(hash));
 
-        /* Pieces are concatenated in array order; each one's fileOffset must
-           equal the bytes written so far. A manifest that lists them out of
-           order would otherwise silently produce a corrupt package. */
-        if (have_offset && offset != (unsigned long long)total)
+        /* Piece already fully present from a previous run: skip the download. */
+        if (!started && have_offset && expected &&
+            have >= (long long)(offset + expected)) {
+            total = (long long)(offset + expected);
+            count++;
+            if (cb && cb(ctx, total, manifest_total ? (long long)manifest_total : total))
+                goto done;
+            p = obj_end ? obj_end + 1 : p + 5;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        /* First piece to (re)download while resuming. If part of it is already
+           on disk, resume WITHIN it with a byte range; otherwise drop any stray
+           bytes and fetch it whole. After this, every piece is fetched whole. */
+        if (!started) {
+            if (have_offset && expected && have > (long long)offset &&
+                have < (long long)(offset + expected)) {
+                range_start = have - (long long)offset;  /* this piece's bytes on disk */
+                fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);                   /* append at `have` */
+                total = have;
+            } else {
+                long long start_at = have_offset ? (long long)offset : 0;
+                fflush(fp);
+                if (ftruncate(fileno(fp), (off_t)start_at) != 0)
+                    goto done;             /* can't resume cleanly; keep partial */
+                fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
+                total = start_at;
+            }
+            started = 1;
+        }
+
+        /* Whole pieces are concatenated in array order; a ranged (partial) piece
+           starts mid-piece, so the contiguity guard applies only to whole ones. */
+        if (have_offset && range_start == 0 && offset != (unsigned long long)total)
             goto done;
 
-        /* drc: 0 ok, -1 network/cancel, -2 SHA-256 mismatch (propagated out). */
-        drc = http_download_to_file_progress(url, fp, &got, &progress,
-                                             hash[0] ? hash : NULL);
+        /* A ranged piece can't be hashed (only its tail is fetched). */
+        want_hash = NULL;
+        if (range_start == 0 && verify) {
+            json_string_after(p, "hashValue", hash, sizeof(hash));
+            want_hash = hash[0] ? hash : NULL;
+        }
+
+        {
+            progress_state_t progress = {
+                cb, ctx, total, manifest_total ? (long long)manifest_total : 0
+            };
+            /* drc: 0 ok, -1 network/cancel, -2 SHA-256, -3 range ignored. */
+            drc = http_download_to_file_progress(url, fp, &got, &progress,
+                                                 want_hash, range_start);
+            if (drc == -3) {
+                /* Server ignored the range: drop the piece and fetch it whole. */
+                fflush(fp);
+                if (ftruncate(fileno(fp), (off_t)offset) != 0)
+                    goto done;
+                fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
+                total = (long long)offset;
+                range_start = 0;
+                if (verify) {
+                    json_string_after(p, "hashValue", hash, sizeof(hash));
+                    want_hash = hash[0] ? hash : NULL;
+                }
+                progress.base = total;
+                drc = http_download_to_file_progress(url, fp, &got, &progress,
+                                                     want_hash, 0);
+            }
+        }
         if (drc) {
             if (drc == -2) rc = -2;
             goto done;
         }
-        if (expected && (unsigned long long)got != expected)
+        /* range_start + got = this piece's bytes now on disk. */
+        if (expected && (unsigned long long)(range_start + got) != expected)
             goto done;
 
         total += got;
@@ -593,7 +666,8 @@ patchdl_http_download_manifest_progress(const char *manifest_url,
 done:
     fclose(fp);
     free(manifest.data);
-    if (rc) unlink(dest_path);
+    /* Keep the partial on failure so it can be resumed; the caller deletes it
+       on cancel or on a corrupt-verify (-2). */
     return rc;
 }
 
@@ -601,7 +675,240 @@ int
 patchdl_http_download_manifest(const char *manifest_url, const char *dest_path,
                                long long *bytes_out) {
     return patchdl_http_download_manifest_progress(manifest_url, dest_path,
-                                                  bytes_out, NULL, NULL, 0);
+                                                  bytes_out, NULL, NULL, 0, 0);
+}
+
+/* ---- global init + parallel piece download (connection pool) ----------- */
+
+void patchdl_net_global_init(void)    { curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL); }
+void patchdl_net_global_cleanup(void) { curl_global_cleanup(); }
+
+/* Write sink for one piece: pwrite at a fixed base offset (concurrent
+   non-overlapping pieces of the same fd are safe), tee into SHA-256 if asked,
+   and publish bytes-so-far for live progress. */
+typedef struct {
+    int                 fd;
+    long long           base;
+    long long           written;
+    EVP_MD_CTX         *md;
+    volatile long long *bytes_slot;
+} piece_sink_t;
+
+static size_t
+piece_write_cb(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *ud) {
+    piece_sink_t *s = (piece_sink_t *)ud;
+    size_t        n = size * nmemb;
+    ssize_t       w;
+    if (n == 0) return 0;
+    w = pwrite(s->fd, ptr, n, (off_t)(s->base + s->written));
+    if (w < 0 || (size_t)w != n) return 0;   /* short write -> curl errors out */
+    if (s->md) EVP_DigestUpdate(s->md, ptr, n);
+    s->written += (long long)n;
+    if (s->bytes_slot) *s->bytes_slot = s->written;
+    return n;
+}
+
+static int
+piece_xfer_cb(void *clientp, curl_off_t dltotal, curl_off_t dlnow,
+              curl_off_t ultotal, curl_off_t ulnow) {
+    volatile int *abort_flag = (volatile int *)clientp;
+    (void)dltotal; (void)dlnow; (void)ultotal; (void)ulnow;
+    return (abort_flag && *abort_flag) ? 1 : 0;   /* non-zero aborts the transfer */
+}
+
+int
+patchdl_http_download_piece(const char *url, int fd,
+                            long long file_offset, long long file_size,
+                            const char *expected_sha256_or_null,
+                            patchdl_piece_ctx_t *ctx) {
+    CURL             *curl;
+    CURLcode          res;
+    long              http_code = 0;
+    char              host[256], ip[INET_ADDRSTRLEN], rs443[512], rs80[512];
+    struct curl_slist *rl = NULL;
+    struct curl_blob  ca_blob;
+    piece_sink_t      sink;
+    int               verify = (expected_sha256_or_null && expected_sha256_or_null[0]);
+
+    if (url_host(url, host, sizeof(host))) return -1;
+    if (!host_allowed(host)) return -1;
+    if (dns_lookup(host, ip, sizeof(ip))) return -1;
+
+    memset(&sink, 0, sizeof(sink));
+    sink.fd         = fd;
+    sink.base       = file_offset;
+    sink.bytes_slot = ctx ? ctx->bytes_slot : NULL;
+    if (verify) {
+        sink.md = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
+        if (sink.md) EVP_DigestInit_ex(sink.md, EVP_sha256(), NULL);
+    }
+
+    snprintf(rs443, sizeof(rs443), "%s:443:%s", host, ip);
+    rl = curl_slist_append(NULL, rs443);
+    snprintf(rs80, sizeof(rs80), "%s:80:%s", host, ip);
+    rl = curl_slist_append(rl, rs80);
+
+    ca_blob.data  = (void *)PATCHDL_SCEI_DNAS_ROOT_PEM;
+    ca_blob.len   = strlen(PATCHDL_SCEI_DNAS_ROOT_PEM);
+    ca_blob.flags = CURL_BLOB_COPY;
+
+    curl = curl_easy_init();
+    if (!curl) {
+        curl_slist_free_all(rl);
+        if (sink.md) EVP_MD_CTX_free(sink.md);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL,             url);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_RESOLVE,         rl);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,   piece_write_cb);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA,       &sink);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CAINFO_BLOB,     &ca_blob);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER,  1L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST,  2L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST, "DEFAULT@SECLEVEL=0");
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION,  1L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_MAXREDIRS,       5L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR,     1L);   /* 4xx/5xx -> error, no body written */
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT,  20L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_LIMIT, 1024L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_LOW_SPEED_TIME,  30L);
+    curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_USERAGENT,       "patchdl/1.0");
+    if (ctx && ctx->abort) {
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_NOPROGRESS,       0L);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_XFERINFOFUNCTION, piece_xfer_cb);
+        curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_XFERINFODATA,     (void *)ctx->abort);
+    }
+
+    res = curl_easy_perform(curl);
+    curl_easy_getinfo(curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &http_code);
+    curl_easy_cleanup(curl);
+    curl_slist_free_all(rl);
+
+    if (res != CURLE_OK) {
+        if (sink.md) EVP_MD_CTX_free(sink.md);
+        return -1;                          /* network error / abort */
+    }
+    if (file_size > 0 && sink.written != file_size) {
+        if (sink.md) EVP_MD_CTX_free(sink.md);
+        return -1;                          /* short or over-long -> failed */
+    }
+    if (sink.md) {
+        unsigned char dig[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
+        unsigned int  dl = 0;
+        char          hex[2 * EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE + 1];
+        EVP_DigestFinal_ex(sink.md, dig, &dl);
+        EVP_MD_CTX_free(sink.md);
+        hex_encode(dig, dl, hex, sizeof(hex));
+        if (strcasecmp(hex, expected_sha256_or_null) != 0)
+            return -2;                      /* integrity mismatch */
+    }
+    fdatasync(fd);                          /* durable before the caller sets the done bit */
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* Read-only: SHA-256 a [offset, offset+size) region of fd into out_hex (>=65
+   bytes). Uses pread so it doesn't disturb the fd offset. 0 on success. */
+int
+patchdl_sha256_fd_region(int fd, long long offset, long long size, char *out_hex) {
+    EVP_MD_CTX   *md;
+    unsigned char *buf;
+    long long      pos = offset, remaining = size;
+    const size_t   CHUNK = 1u << 20;
+
+    out_hex[0] = '\0';
+    if (fd < 0 || size < 0) return -1;
+    md = EVP_MD_CTX_new();
+    if (!md) return -1;
+    buf = malloc(CHUNK);
+    if (!buf) { EVP_MD_CTX_free(md); return -1; }
+    EVP_DigestInit_ex(md, EVP_sha256(), NULL);
+    while (remaining > 0) {
+        size_t  want = remaining > (long long)CHUNK ? CHUNK : (size_t)remaining;
+        ssize_t got  = pread(fd, buf, want, (off_t)pos);
+        if (got <= 0) { free(buf); EVP_MD_CTX_free(md); return -1; }
+        EVP_DigestUpdate(md, buf, (size_t)got);
+        pos += got; remaining -= got;
+    }
+    {
+        unsigned char dig[EVP_MAX_MD_SIZE];
+        unsigned int  dl = 0, i;
+        EVP_DigestFinal_ex(md, dig, &dl);
+        for (i = 0; i < dl; i++) sprintf(out_hex + 2 * i, "%02x", dig[i]);
+        out_hex[2 * dl] = '\0';
+    }
+    free(buf);
+    EVP_MD_CTX_free(md);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void
+patchdl_manifest_free(patchdl_manifest_t *m) {
+    if (!m || !m->pieces) return;
+    for (int i = 0; i < m->count; i++) free(m->pieces[i].url);
+    free(m->pieces);
+    m->pieces = NULL;
+    m->count = 0;
+}
+
+int
+patchdl_fetch_manifest(const char *manifest_url, patchdl_manifest_t *out) {
+    patchdl_buf_t buf;
+    const char *pieces, *pieces_end, *p;
+    int       cap = 0, n = 0;
+    long long running = 0;
+
+    memset(out, 0, sizeof(*out));
+    if (patchdl_http_get(manifest_url, &buf)) return -1;
+    if (!buf.data || !buf.size) { free(buf.data); return -1; }
+
+    pieces = strstr(buf.data, "\"pieces\"");
+    if (!pieces || !(pieces = strchr(pieces, '['))) { free(buf.data); return -1; }
+    pieces_end = strchr(pieces, ']');
+
+    for (p = pieces; (p = strstr(p, "\"url\"")) && (!pieces_end || p < pieces_end); p += 5)
+        cap++;
+    if (cap <= 0) { free(buf.data); return -1; }
+    out->pieces = calloc((size_t)cap, sizeof(patchdl_piece_t));
+    if (!out->pieces) { free(buf.data); return -1; }
+
+    p = pieces;
+    while ((p = strstr(p, "\"url\"")) && (!pieces_end || p < pieces_end) && n < cap) {
+        char               url[768] = {0};
+        unsigned long long sz = 0, off = 0;
+        const char        *obj_end = strchr(p, '}');
+
+        if (json_string_after(p, "url", url, sizeof(url)))
+            break;
+        json_u64_after(p, "fileSize", &sz);
+        if (json_u64_after(p, "fileOffset", &off) != 0)
+            off = (unsigned long long)running;   /* no offset -> assume contiguous */
+
+        /* Validate tiling: pieces must be in order, contiguous, non-empty. */
+        if ((long long)off != running || sz == 0) {
+            patchdl_manifest_free(out);
+            free(buf.data);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        out->pieces[n].url    = strdup(url);
+        out->pieces[n].offset = (long long)off;
+        out->pieces[n].size   = (long long)sz;
+        json_string_after(p, "hashValue", out->pieces[n].hash,
+                          sizeof(out->pieces[n].hash));
+        if (!out->pieces[n].url) {
+            patchdl_manifest_free(out);
+            free(buf.data);
+            return -1;
+        }
+        running += (long long)sz;
+        n++;
+        out->count = n;          /* keep current so manifest_free frees exactly n */
+        p = obj_end ? obj_end + 1 : p + 5;
+    }
+    free(buf.data);
+    if (n == 0) { patchdl_manifest_free(out); return -1; }
+    out->total = running;        /* authoritative assembled size */
+    return 0;
 }
 
 void
@@ -696,8 +1003,8 @@ patchdl_http_download_manifest_progress(const char *manifest_url,
                                         const char *dest_path,
                                         long long *bytes_out,
                                         patchdl_download_progress_cb cb,
-                                        void *ctx, int verify) {
-    (void)cb; (void)ctx; (void)verify;
+                                        void *ctx, int verify, int resume) {
+    (void)cb; (void)ctx; (void)verify; (void)resume;
     return patchdl_http_download_manifest(manifest_url, dest_path, bytes_out);
 }
 

src/patchdl_net.h

@@ -11,8 +11,57 @@ typedef struct {
 patchdl_buf_t *patchdl_buf_new(void);
 void           patchdl_buf_free(patchdl_buf_t *b);
 
+/* Call once, single-threaded, before any concurrent download worker starts /
+   after they have all joined. curl's global/OpenSSL init is otherwise lazy and
+   races across threads. */
+void patchdl_net_global_init(void);
+void patchdl_net_global_cleanup(void);
+
 int patchdl_http_get(const char *url, patchdl_buf_t *out);
 
+/* ---- parallel piece download (used by the connection pool) ------------- */
+
+/* One piece of a split manifest package. `url` is heap-allocated. */
+typedef struct {
+    char     *url;
+    long long offset;     /* byte offset of this piece in the assembled file */
+    long long size;       /* exact length of this piece */
+    char      hash[80];   /* manifest SHA-256 hex, or "" */
+} patchdl_piece_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    patchdl_piece_t *pieces;
+    int              count;
+    long long        total;   /* assembled file size = sum of piece sizes */
+} patchdl_manifest_t;
+
+/* Fetch + parse a Sony JSON manifest into a validated, contiguously-tiled
+   piece list. Returns 0 on success (caller frees with patchdl_manifest_free),
+   -1 on fetch/parse/tiling failure. */
+int  patchdl_fetch_manifest(const char *manifest_url, patchdl_manifest_t *out);
+void patchdl_manifest_free(patchdl_manifest_t *m);
+
+/* Live state shared with one in-flight piece download. The worker owns these;
+   the curl callbacks read `abort` (set elsewhere) and publish progress into
+   `bytes_slot` (single-writer per worker slot). */
+typedef struct {
+    volatile long long *bytes_slot;  /* bytes written so far for this piece */
+    volatile int       *abort;       /* non-zero -> stop this transfer */
+} patchdl_piece_ctx_t;
+
+/* Download one whole piece and pwrite it into `fd` at `file_offset`. Concurrent
+   non-overlapping pieces of the same fd are safe. Returns 0 on success (and
+   fdatasyncs fd), -1 on network/IO/abort, -2 on a SHA-256 mismatch. */
+int patchdl_http_download_piece(const char *url, int fd,
+                                long long file_offset, long long file_size,
+                                const char *expected_sha256_or_null,
+                                patchdl_piece_ctx_t *ctx);
+
+/* Read-only: SHA-256 a [offset, offset+size) region of fd into out_hex
+   (caller provides >= 65 bytes). Returns 0 on success. */
+int patchdl_sha256_fd_region(int fd, long long offset, long long size,
+                             char *out_hex);
+
 /* Progress callback. Return non-zero to ABORT the in-flight download (used to
    cancel large patch downloads); return 0 to continue. */
 typedef int (*patchdl_download_progress_cb)(void *ctx,
@@ -29,14 +78,17 @@ int patchdl_http_download_progress(const char *url, const char *dest_path,
 
 /* Download a Sony JSON package manifest by concatenating every entry in
    "pieces" into one installable PKG. When `verify` is non-zero each piece is
-   checked against its manifest SHA-256 (a mismatch returns -2). */
+   checked against its manifest SHA-256 (a mismatch returns -2). When `resume`
+   is non-zero an existing partial at dest_path is kept: fully-downloaded pieces
+   are skipped and only the remainder is fetched (survives a reboot). On any
+   failure the partial is left in place for a later resume. */
 int patchdl_http_download_manifest(const char *manifest_url, const char *dest_path,
                                    long long *bytes_out);
 int patchdl_http_download_manifest_progress(const char *manifest_url,
                                             const char *dest_path,
                                             long long *bytes_out,
                                             patchdl_download_progress_cb cb,
-                                            void *ctx, int verify);
+                                            void *ctx, int verify, int resume);
 
 /* Diagnostic: run the GET pipeline for `url` and write a JSON report
    (dns result/ip, curl code, http status, bytes) into `out_json`. */

src/patchdl_scan.h

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ typedef struct {
     char             patch_storage_title_id[16]; /* title id embedded in delta_url */
     int              verxml_done;
     int              enabled;          /* user policy, persisted in config.json */
+    int              resumable;        /* a partial download is on disk */
+    long long        partial_bytes;    /* size of that partial, for the UI */
 } patchdl_title_t;
 
 int         patchdl_scan(patchdl_title_t **titles_out, size_t *count_out);

src/patchdl_version.h

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
 #pragma once
 
-#define PATCHDL_VERSION "0.0.2"
+#define PATCHDL_VERSION "0.0.3"

web/app.js

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ const fallback = {
     delete_pkg_after_install: true,
     verify_downloads: false,
     home_shortcut: true,
+    max_connections: 4,
     source_policy: {
       official: { allow_check: true, allow_download: true, allow_install: true },
       external: { allow_check: true, allow_download: true, allow_install: true },
@@ -116,6 +117,9 @@ function bindElements() {
     deleteAfterInstall: document.getElementById("deleteAfterInstall"),
     verifyDownloads: document.getElementById("verifyDownloads"),
     homeShortcut: document.getElementById("homeShortcut"),
+    connValue: document.getElementById("connValue"),
+    connMinus: document.getElementById("connMinus"),
+    connPlus: document.getElementById("connPlus"),
     refreshBtn: document.getElementById("refreshBtn"),
     saveBtn: document.getElementById("saveBtn"),
     clearLogBtn: document.getElementById("clearLogBtn"),
@@ -148,6 +152,10 @@ function bindEvents() {
   els.refreshBtn.addEventListener("click", loadInitialData);
   els.saveBtn.addEventListener("click", saveConfig);
   els.clearLogBtn.addEventListener("click", () => { state.logs = []; renderLogs(); });
+  if (els.connMinus)
+    els.connMinus.addEventListener("click", () => setConnections(clampConn(state.config.max_connections) - 1));
+  if (els.connPlus)
+    els.connPlus.addEventListener("click", () => setConnections(clampConn(state.config.max_connections) + 1));
 }
 
 function setView(view) {
@@ -173,27 +181,26 @@ async function loadInitialData() {
   // /api/titles carries no client-only progress flags, so preserve them across a
   // refresh — otherwise an in-flight download/install flips back to a clickable
   // button mid-operation.
+  // Carry client-only flags across a refresh; the pool's job list is the source
+  // of truth for download state and is reconciled right after.
   const prev = new Map(state.titles.map((g) => [g.title_id, g]));
   titles.forEach((g) => {
     const old = prev.get(g.title_id);
-    // Carry client-only progress flags across a refresh — unless the server now
-    // reports the title up to date (the patch applied), in which case drop them.
     if (old && g.status !== "up_to_date") {
-      if (old.downloading) g.downloading = true;
       if (old.downloaded) g.downloaded = true;
       if (old.installing) g.installing = true;
+      if (old._autoInstalled) g._autoInstalled = true;
       if (old._localDownloading) g._localDownloading = true;
     }
   });
-  // Reconcile active downloads the server reports, so progress + Cancel show even
-  // after a hard reload or a download started from another session/device.
-  const activeDl = new Set(downloads.map((d) => d.title_id));
-  titles.forEach((g) => { if (activeDl.has(g.title_id)) g.downloading = true; });
 
   state = { ...state, status, config, titles, downloads };
+  reconcileFromJobs(downloads);
 
   render();
-  if (state.downloads.length) startDownloadPolling();
+  if (downloads.some((j) => j.state === "active" || j.state === "queued") ||
+      state.titles.some((g) => g._localDownloading))
+    startDownloadPolling();
   showToast(state.usingFallback ? "Demo data loaded. API is not reachable yet." : "Data refreshed.");
 }
 
@@ -227,6 +234,40 @@ function renderStatus() {
   if (els.railSpace) els.railSpace.textContent = `${space} free`;
 }
 
+const CONN_MIN = 1, CONN_MAX = 16;
+function clampConn(n) {
+  n = parseInt(n, 10);
+  if (!Number.isFinite(n)) n = 4;
+  return Math.max(CONN_MIN, Math.min(CONN_MAX, n));
+}
+
+function renderConnStepper() {
+  const n = clampConn(state.config.max_connections);
+  if (els.connValue) els.connValue.textContent = String(n);
+  if (els.connMinus) els.connMinus.disabled = n <= CONN_MIN;
+  if (els.connPlus) els.connPlus.disabled = n >= CONN_MAX;
+}
+
+let connSaveTimer = null;
+// Stepper +/-: update + re-render immediately, then persist just this field
+// (debounced) so rapid taps collapse into one POST and other unsaved form
+// fields stay untouched. The server applies the new count live (no restart).
+function setConnections(n) {
+  const v = clampConn(n);
+  if (v === clampConn(state.config.max_connections)) { renderConnStepper(); return; }
+  state.config.max_connections = v;
+  renderConnStepper();
+  clearTimeout(connSaveTimer);
+  connSaveTimer = setTimeout(async () => {
+    try {
+      await postJson(API.config, { max_connections: v });
+      showToast(`Parallel connections: ${v}`);
+    } catch (e) {
+      showToast("Could not save connections — API not reachable.");
+    }
+  }, 450);
+}
+
 function renderSettings() {
   els.defaultPolicy.value = state.config.default_policy || "deny";
   els.downloadDir.value = state.config.download_dir || "";
@@ -234,6 +275,7 @@ function renderSettings() {
   els.deleteAfterInstall.checked = Boolean(state.config.delete_pkg_after_install);
   if (els.verifyDownloads) els.verifyDownloads.checked = Boolean(state.config.verify_downloads);
   if (els.homeShortcut) els.homeShortcut.checked = state.config.home_shortcut !== false;
+  renderConnStepper();
   els.allowlistHosts.replaceChildren(...(state.config.cdn_allowlist || []).map((host) => {
     const chip = document.createElement("span");
     chip.className = "host-chip";
@@ -312,6 +354,7 @@ function createGameCard(game) {
     </div>
     <div class="pills">
       ${game.downloading ? `<span class="pill live">Downloading</span>` : ""}
+      ${game.resumable && !game.downloading ? `<span class="pill warn">Paused</span>` : ""}
       ${statusPill(game)}
       ${sourcePill(game)}
     </div>
@@ -324,8 +367,8 @@ function createGameCard(game) {
 
   const actions = document.createElement("div");
   actions.className = "card-actions";
-  const act = tileButton(game);
-  if (act) {
+  [primaryButton(game), stopButton(game)].forEach((act) => {
+    if (!act) return;
     const btn = document.createElement("button");
     btn.className = `row-button is-${act.variant}`;
     btn.textContent = act.label;
@@ -333,16 +376,7 @@ function createGameCard(game) {
     if (act.disabled) btn.disabled = true;
     else btn.addEventListener("click", () => runTitleAction(game.title_id, act.action));
     actions.appendChild(btn);
-  }
-  // Delete a finished (not-yet-installed) download.
-  if (game.downloaded && !game.installing && !game.downloading) {
-    const del = document.createElement("button");
-    del.className = "row-button is-ghost";
-    del.textContent = "Delete";
-    del.title = "Delete the downloaded package";
-    del.addEventListener("click", () => cancelDownload(game.title_id));
-    actions.appendChild(del);
-  }
+  });
 
   row.append(lead, body, actions);
   card.appendChild(row);
@@ -357,6 +391,17 @@ function createGameCard(game) {
       <div class="progress-meta">${progressMetaHtml(d)}</div>
     `;
     card.appendChild(prog);
+  } else if (game.resumable && game.partial_bytes > 0) {
+    // ---- paused partial (survived a reboot) ----
+    const note = document.createElement("div");
+    note.className = "card-progress";
+    note.innerHTML = `
+      <div class="progress-meta">
+        <span>Paused — <b>${formatBytes(game.partial_bytes)}</b> downloaded</span>
+        <span>Resume to continue</span>
+      </div>
+    `;
+    card.appendChild(note);
   }
 
   return card;
@@ -382,13 +427,15 @@ function buildToggle(game) {
   return toggle;
 }
 
-// The single morphing action button: blue Update/Download/Install, or amber
-// Cancel while a download runs. Fixed width (CSS) so the label never reflows.
-function tileButton(game) {
+// Primary play/pause button (green to go, amber while downloading). Fixed width
+// (CSS) so the label never reflows. Returns null when there is nothing to do.
+function primaryButton(game) {
   if (game.installing) return { label: "Installing…", variant: "ghost", disabled: true };
-  if (game.downloading) return { label: "Cancel", action: "cancel", variant: "cancel", hint: "Stop the download and delete the partial file" };
+  if (game.downloading) return { label: "Pause", action: "pause", variant: "pause", hint: "Pause the download (keeps what was downloaded)." };
   if (game.patch_title_match === false) return null;
   if (!isInstallAllowed(game)) return null;
+  if (game.resumable)
+    return { label: "Resume", action: "download", variant: "update", hint: "Continue the paused download where it stopped." };
   if (game.downloaded && game.status === "available")
     return { label: "Install", action: "install", variant: "update", hint: "Install the downloaded patch (modifies the game)." };
   if (game.status !== "available") return null;
@@ -397,6 +444,15 @@ function tileButton(game) {
     : { label: "Download", action: "download", variant: "update", hint: "Download the patch internally." };
 }
 
+// Red stop button: present whenever there is a download to stop or discard.
+// Cancel stops AND deletes (unlike Pause, which keeps the partial).
+function stopButton(game) {
+  if (game.installing) return null;
+  if (game.downloading || game.resumable || game.downloaded)
+    return { label: "Cancel", action: "cancel", variant: "cancel", hint: "Stop and delete the download." };
+  return null;
+}
+
 function statusPill(game) {
   if (game.installing) return `<span class="pill warn">Installing…</span>`;
   if (game.status === "checking") return `<span class="pill">Checking…</span>`;
@@ -427,6 +483,7 @@ function progressMetaHtml(d) {
   const done = Number(d.bytes) || 0;
   const total = Number(d.total_bytes) || 0;
   const speed = Number(d._speed) || 0;
+  if (d.state === "queued") return `<span>Queued — waiting for a free slot</span>`;
   const parts = [];
   parts.push(`<span><b>${formatBytes(done)}</b>${total > 0 ? ` / ${formatBytes(total)}` : ""}</span>`);
   if (speed > 0) parts.push(`<span><b>${formatBytes(speed)}/s</b></span>`);
@@ -449,55 +506,99 @@ function stopDownloadPolling() {
   downloadPollTimer = null;
 }
 
+// Map the pool's job list onto per-title flags, and auto-install once a job
+// finishes if "install after download" is on.
+function reconcileFromJobs(jobs) {
+  const byId = new Map((jobs || []).map((j) => [j.title_id, j]));
+  state.titles.forEach((g) => {
+    const j = byId.get(g.title_id);
+    if (!j) {
+      // The pool never produced a job for our local intent: time it out so the
+      // card can't wedge in "Downloading" forever (server restart between POST
+      // and poll, or an unexpected response shape).
+      if (g._localDownloading && g._localSince &&
+          Date.now() - g._localSince > 12000) {
+        g._localDownloading = false;
+      }
+      if (g.downloading && !g._localDownloading) g.downloading = false;
+      return;
+    }
+    g._localDownloading = false; // the pool now tracks it
+    if (j.state === "active" || j.state === "queued") {
+      g.downloading = true;
+      g.resumable = false;
+      g._wasActive = true;
+    } else if (j.state === "paused") {
+      g.downloading = false;
+      g.resumable = true;
+      g.partial_bytes = Number(j.bytes) || g.partial_bytes || 0;
+      g._wasActive = false;
+    } else if (j.state === "done") {
+      g.downloading = false;
+      g.resumable = false;
+      g.downloaded = true;
+      g._wasActive = false;
+      if (state.config.install_after_download && !g.installing && !g._autoInstalled) {
+        g._autoInstalled = true;
+        doInstall(g);
+      }
+    } else if (j.state === "error") {
+      // The server keeps the partial + sidecar (resumable) on a post-retry
+      // network failure. Reflect that so primaryButton shows "Resume" and the
+      // red Cancel stays available to delete the kept partial.
+      const bytes = Number(j.bytes) || 0;
+      if (g._wasActive) {
+        showToast(`${g.name}: download failed${bytes > 0 ? " — partial kept, press Resume to continue" : "."}`);
+      }
+      g._wasActive = false;
+      g.downloading = false;
+      g.resumable = bytes > 0;
+      g.partial_bytes = bytes || g.partial_bytes || 0;
+    }
+  });
+}
+
 async function refreshDownloads() {
-  let downloads;
+  let jobs;
   try {
     const response = await fetch(API.downloads, { cache: "no-store" });
     if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
-    downloads = await response.json();
+    jobs = await response.json();
   } catch (error) {
     return; // keep last state on a transient failure
   }
 
   const now = Date.now();
-  const activeIds = new Set();
-  downloads.forEach((d) => {
-    activeIds.add(d.title_id);
-    const done = Number(d.bytes) || 0;
-    const prev = dlMeta[d.title_id];
+  const ids = new Set();
+  jobs.forEach((j) => {
+    ids.add(j.title_id);
+    const done = Number(j.bytes) || 0;
+    const prev = dlMeta[j.title_id];
     if (prev && now > prev.t) {
       if (done >= prev.bytes) {
         const inst = ((done - prev.bytes) * 1000) / (now - prev.t); // bytes/s
         prev.speed = prev.speed ? prev.speed * 0.5 + inst * 0.5 : inst; // smoothed
       } else {
-        prev.speed = 0; // counter went backwards -> re-baseline, no stale speed
+        prev.speed = 0; // counter went backwards -> re-baseline
       }
     }
-    const meta = prev || (dlMeta[d.title_id] = { speed: 0 });
+    const meta = prev || (dlMeta[j.title_id] = { speed: 0 });
     meta.bytes = done;
     meta.t = now;
-    d._speed = meta.speed || 0;
+    j._speed = meta.speed || 0;
   });
-  Object.keys(dlMeta).forEach((id) => { if (!activeIds.has(id)) delete dlMeta[id]; });
+  Object.keys(dlMeta).forEach((id) => { if (!ids.has(id)) delete dlMeta[id]; });
 
-  state.downloads = downloads;
-
-  // Reconcile downloading flags with the server. A structural change (a download
-  // appeared or finished) needs a full re-render to add/remove the progress block
-  // and morph the button; otherwise update the bar in place.
+  state.downloads = jobs;
   const before = downloadingIds();
-  state.titles.forEach((g) => {
-    if (activeIds.has(g.title_id)) g.downloading = true;
-    else if (g.downloading && !g._localDownloading) g.downloading = false;
-  });
+  reconcileFromJobs(jobs);
   if (downloadingIds() !== before) renderGames();
   else applyDownloadProgress();
 
-  if (!downloads.length && !state.titles.some((g) => g.downloading)) {
-    if (++emptyPolls >= 3) stopDownloadPolling();
-  } else {
-    emptyPolls = 0;
-  }
+  const busy = jobs.some((j) => j.state === "active" || j.state === "queued") ||
+               state.titles.some((g) => g._localDownloading);
+  if (!busy) { if (++emptyPolls >= 3) stopDownloadPolling(); }
+  else emptyPolls = 0;
 }
 
 function downloadingIds() {
@@ -508,6 +609,11 @@ function downloadingIds() {
 function applyDownloadProgress() {
   let needRender = false;
   state.downloads.forEach((d) => {
+    // Only titles currently downloading render a progress tile; paused/done/error
+    // jobs linger in the pool list but have no .progress bar — skip them so a
+    // missing tile for a non-downloading title doesn't force a full rebuild.
+    const g = state.titles.find((t) => t.title_id === d.title_id);
+    if (!g || !g.downloading) return;
     const card = els.gameGrid.querySelector(`[data-title-id="${d.title_id}"]`);
     const bar = card && card.querySelector(".card-progress .progress > i");
     const meta = card && card.querySelector(".card-progress .progress-meta");
@@ -549,6 +655,7 @@ async function saveConfig() {
     delete_pkg_after_install: els.deleteAfterInstall.checked,
     verify_downloads: els.verifyDownloads ? els.verifyDownloads.checked : Boolean(state.config.verify_downloads),
     home_shortcut: els.homeShortcut ? els.homeShortcut.checked : state.config.home_shortcut !== false,
+    max_connections: clampConn(state.config.max_connections),
   };
   try {
     await postJson(API.config, config);
@@ -564,19 +671,31 @@ async function saveConfig() {
 
 /* ---------------- actions (data layer) ---------------- */
 
+// Enqueue a download. The pool returns immediately (202); progress, completion
+// and (if configured) auto-install are driven by reconcileFromJobs() on poll.
 async function doDownload(game) {
   game.downloading = true;
-  game._localDownloading = true; // this client owns it; don't let a poll clear it
+  game._localDownloading = true;   // until the pool reports a job for this title
+  game._localSince = Date.now();   // bounded in reconcileFromJobs if no job appears
+  game._autoInstalled = false;
   state.downloads = state.downloads.filter((i) => i.title_id !== game.title_id);
-  state.downloads.push({ title_id: game.title_id, name: game.name, version: game.compatible_version || "", progress: 0, bytes: 0, total_bytes: 0 });
-  state.logs.push(`[${timeNow()}] Download started: ${game.title_id} ${game.compatible_version}`);
+  state.downloads.push({ title_id: game.title_id, name: game.name,
+                         version: game.compatible_version || "",
+                         state: "queued", progress: 0, bytes: 0, total_bytes: 0 });
   renderGames();
-  renderLogs();
   startDownloadPolling();
 
-  let r;
   try {
-    r = await postJson(API.action(game.title_id, "download"), {});
+    const r = await postJson(API.action(game.title_id, "download"), {});
+    if (r && r.downloaded && r.already) {
+      game.downloading = false;
+      game._localDownloading = false;
+      game.downloaded = true;
+      renderGames();
+    } else {
+      state.logs.push(`[${timeNow()}] Download queued: ${game.title_id} ${game.compatible_version || ""}`);
+      renderLogs();
+    }
   } catch (error) {
     game.downloading = false;
     game._localDownloading = false;
@@ -584,30 +703,8 @@ async function doDownload(game) {
     const why = reasonText(error);
     state.logs.push(`[${timeNow()}] download ${game.title_id} blocked: ${why}`);
     showToast(`${game.name}: ${why}`);
-    renderGames(); renderLogs(); stopDownloadPolling();
-    return false;
+    renderGames(); renderLogs();
   }
-
-  game.downloading = false;
-  game._localDownloading = false;
-  state.downloads = state.downloads.filter((i) => i.title_id !== game.title_id);
-
-  // Cancel / soft failure returns HTTP 200 with ok:false (not thrown).
-  if (!r || r.ok === false) {
-    game.downloaded = false;
-    const what = r && r.cancelled ? "cancelled" : "failed";
-    state.logs.push(`[${timeNow()}] Download ${what}: ${game.title_id}`);
-    showToast(`${game.name}: download ${what}.`);
-    renderGames(); renderLogs(); stopDownloadPolling();
-    return false;
-  }
-
-  game.downloaded = true;
-  const sz = r && r.bytes ? formatBytes(r.bytes) : "?";
-  state.logs.push(`[${timeNow()}] Downloaded ${game.title_id} ${game.compatible_version} (${sz}, internal)`);
-  showToast(`${game.name}: downloaded ${sz}.`);
-  renderGames(); renderLogs(); stopDownloadPolling();
-  return true;
 }
 
 async function doInstall(game) {
@@ -640,7 +737,13 @@ async function cancelDownload(titleId) {
   } catch (error) {
     showToast(`${game ? game.name : titleId}: ${reasonText(error)}`);
   }
-  if (game) { game.downloading = false; game._localDownloading = false; game.downloaded = false; }
+  if (game) {
+    game.downloading = false;
+    game._localDownloading = false;
+    game.downloaded = false;
+    game.resumable = false;
+    game.partial_bytes = 0;
+  }
   state.downloads = state.downloads.filter((i) => i.title_id !== titleId);
   state.logs.push(`[${timeNow()}] Download cancelled / deleted: ${titleId}`);
   renderGames(); renderLogs();
@@ -650,10 +753,23 @@ async function cancelDownload(titleId) {
 async function runTitleAction(titleId, action) {
   const game = state.titles.find((i) => i.title_id === titleId);
   if (!game) return;
-  if (action === "download") await doDownload(game);
+  // "update" and "download" both just enqueue; for "update" (install-after-
+  // download on) the reconciler auto-installs once the pool reports it done.
+  if (action === "download" || action === "update") await doDownload(game);
   else if (action === "install") await doInstall(game);
+  else if (action === "pause") await doPause(game);
   else if (action === "cancel") await cancelDownload(titleId);
-  else if (action === "update") { if (await doDownload(game)) await doInstall(game); }
+}
+
+// Pause only sends the signal; the in-flight doDownload() request returns its
+// "paused" result and updates the card (resumable + partial bytes).
+async function doPause(game) {
+  try {
+    await postJson(API.action(game.title_id, "pause"), {});
+    showToast(`${game.name}: pausing…`);
+  } catch (error) {
+    showToast(`${game.name}: ${reasonText(error)}`);
+  }
 }
 
 function updateGame(titleId, patch) {
@@ -711,6 +827,8 @@ const REASON_TEXT = {
   download_in_progress: "Another download is already running.",
   piece_verify_failed: "A downloaded piece failed its SHA-256 check.",
   title_disabled: "This title is disabled.",
+  download_paused: "Download paused.",
+  not_downloading: "Nothing is downloading for this title.",
 };
 function reasonText(error) {
   const r = error && error.body && error.body.reason;

web/index.html

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
           <div class="brand-mark">PD</div>
           <div>
             <strong>PatchDL</strong>
-            <span>by Knutwurst · v0.0.2</span>
+            <span>by Knutwurst · v0.0.3</span>
           </div>
         </div>
 
@@ -186,6 +186,17 @@
                   <span class="track"></span>
                 </span>
               </label>
+              <div class="switch-row">
+                <span>
+                  <strong>Parallel download connections</strong>
+                  <em>1–16 · applies live, no payload restart</em>
+                </span>
+                <div class="stepper" role="group" aria-label="Parallel download connections">
+                  <button type="button" class="stepper-btn" id="connMinus" aria-label="Fewer connections">−</button>
+                  <output class="stepper-value" id="connValue" aria-live="polite">4</output>
+                  <button type="button" class="stepper-btn" id="connPlus" aria-label="More connections">+</button>
+                </div>
+              </div>
             </div>
 
             <div class="allowlist">

web/styles.css

@@ -331,10 +331,13 @@ h2 { font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.2; }
   width: 100%;            /* fills the fixed-width actions column -> never reflows */
   padding: 0 12px;
 }
-.row-button.is-update  { border-color: var(--blue);  color: #04111f; background: var(--blue); }
-.row-button.is-update:hover  { background: var(--blue-dark); }
-.row-button.is-cancel  { border-color: var(--amber); color: #1c1402; background: var(--amber); }
-.row-button.is-cancel:hover  { background: var(--amber-dark); }
+/* go = green (Update / Resume / Install), pause = amber, cancel/stop = red */
+.row-button.is-update  { border-color: var(--green); color: #04150c; background: var(--green); }
+.row-button.is-update:hover  { background: var(--green-dark); }
+.row-button.is-pause   { border-color: var(--amber); color: #1c1402; background: var(--amber); }
+.row-button.is-pause:hover   { background: var(--amber-dark); }
+.row-button.is-cancel  { border-color: var(--red);   color: #1a0606; background: var(--red); }
+.row-button.is-cancel:hover  { background: #ff8a8a; }
 .row-button.is-ghost   { background: transparent; color: var(--muted); }
 .row-button.is-ghost:hover { color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--muted); }
 .row-button:disabled { opacity: 0.6; cursor: default; }
@@ -392,6 +395,34 @@ h2 { font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.2; }
   background: var(--surface-2);
   border-radius: 8px;
 }
+
+/* number stepper — big, controller-friendly targets with a clear focus ring
+   (the UI is operated by the PS5 controller via the home tile). */
+.stepper { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 12px; flex: none; }
+.stepper-btn {
+  width: 54px; height: 54px;
+  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center;
+  font-size: 30px; line-height: 1; font-weight: 600;
+  color: var(--ink);
+  background: var(--surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 14px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
+  transition: background .12s ease, border-color .12s ease, transform .07s ease;
+}
+.stepper-btn:hover { background: var(--surface); border-color: var(--muted); }
+.stepper-btn:active { transform: scale(0.93); background: var(--green-soft); border-color: var(--green); }
+/* :focus (not only :focus-visible) so the controller's focus is always obvious */
+.stepper-btn:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--green); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--green-soft); }
+.stepper-btn:disabled { opacity: 0.32; cursor: default; transform: none; }
+.stepper-value {
+  min-width: 52px;
+  text-align: center;
+  font-size: 26px; font-weight: 700;
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+  color: var(--ink);
+}
 .switch-row > span:first-child strong { display: block; font-size: 14px; }
 .switch-row > span:first-child em { display: block; margin-top: 3px; color: var(--muted); font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; }